Abstract: A flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition which comprises 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin, from 1 to 30 parts by weight of (A) at least one of polyhydric alcohol-boric acid metal complexes, from 15 to 30 parts by weight of (B) at least one of ammonium polyphosphate and melamine-modified ammonium polyphosphate, and from 3 to 30 parts by weight of (C) at least one of melamine and melamine derivatives.

Abstract: A positive photosensitive polyimide resin composition which comprises 100 parts by weight of an organic solvent-soluble polyimide resin and 1-100 parts by weight of an .omicron.-quinonediazide compound, said polyimide resin being composed of the repeating units represented by formulas [I] and [II] below ##STR1## (where R.sub.1 is a divalent organic group to constitute a diamine which has one or more groups of at least one kind selected from the group consisting of phenolic hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thiophenol group, and sulfonic group; R.sub.3 is a divalent organic group having no phenolic hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thiophenol group, and sulfonic group; and R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 each are a tetravalent organic group constituting a-tetracarboxylic acid and a derivative thereof when R.sub.1 has one or more groups of at least one kind selected from the group consisting of carboxyl group and sulfonic group and has no phenolic hydroxyl group and thiophenol group, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel fluorine-containing diaminobenzene derivative having a perfluoroalkyl group and to a novel fluorine-containing polyimide which is produced from the said diaminobenzene as a starting material and to a novel polyimide having both a fluorine-containing group and/or a siloxane chain in the side chain thereof, the polyimide being produced from the said fluorine-containing diaminobenzene and fluorine-containing polyimide and to a liquid crystal-aligning agent with an elevated tilt angle, which contains a polyimide having a fluorine-containing group and a siloxane chain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel fluorine-containing diaminobenzene derivatives having a perfluoroalkyl group and to a novel fluorine-containing polyimide which is produced from the said diaminobenzene as a starting material and to a novel polyimide having both a fluorine-containing group and/or a siloxane chain in the side chain thereof, the polyimide being produced from the said fluorine-containing diaminobenzene and fluorine-containing polyimide and to a liquid crystal-aligning agent with an elevated tilt angle, which contains a polyimide having a fluorine-containing group and a siloxane chain.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal element comprising a pair of substrates each having a transparent electrode and an orientation controlling film formed on the electrode, and ferroelectric liquid crystal sandwiched between the substrates in contact with the film, wherein said orientation controlling film is an organic polymer film treated by rubbing treatment and capable of giving nematic liquid crystal a pretilt angle of at least 10.degree. to the substrate surface.

Abstract: A polyimide resin having a repeating unit of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a tetravalent organic group constituting a tetracarboxylic acid or its derivative, wherein four atoms directly bonded to the four carbonyl groups are carbon atoms having no unsaturated bond, and R.sub.2 is a bivalent organic group constituting a diamine.

Abstract: A polyimide resin having a repeating unit of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a tetravalent organic group constituting a tetracarboxylic acid or its derivative, wherein four atoms directly bonded to the four carbonyl groups are carbon atoms having no unsaturated bond, and R.sub.2 is a bivalent organic group constituting a diamine.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a composition to be used as an agent for aligning liquid crystals in a liquid crystal cell, wherein liquid crystal molecules are aligned with an increased pretilt angle with respect to the substrate, such composition consists essentially of a polyimide resin precursor having repeating units represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes an organic group constituting a tetracarboxylic acid or its derivative; and R.sub.2 represents a divalent organic group constituting a diamine; anda precursor of a diimide compound represented by the formula (II) or (III): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 denotes a divalent organic group constituting a diamine; each of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 represents an organic groups constituting a dicarboxylic acid containing an alkyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or its derivative, ##STR3## wherein R.sub.6 denotes an organic group constituting a tetracarboxylic acid or its derivative, and each of R.sub.7 and R.sub.

Abstract: A liquid crystal aligning agent consisting essentially of a polyimide resin obtained by the polymerization of a diamine, a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and a monoamine of the formula:R.sup.2 (R.sup.1).sub.n NH.sub.2 (I)wherein R.sup.1 is a divalent organic group, R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A liquid crystal aligning agent consisting essentially of a polyimide resin obtained by the polymerization of a diamine, a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and a monoamine of the formula:R.sup.2 (R.sup.1).sub.n NH.sub.2 (I)wherein R.sup.1 is a divalent organic group, R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is 0 or 1.