Abstract: The liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate, and a vertically aligned liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates, and has a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix having rows and columns. Each pixel includes a first electrode formed on the first substrate, a second electrode formed on the second substrate, and the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second electrodes. The first substrate has a shading region in gaps between the plurality of pixels, and a wall structure is placed regularly on the surface of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer in the shading region. The first and second electrodes have at least one opening formed at a predetermined position in the pixel.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate 1110a, a second substrate 1110b placed to face the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer 1120 interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display device has a plurality of pixels each including a first electrode 1111 formed on the first substrate, a second electrode 1131 formed on the second substrate, and the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second electrode 1131 has at least one opening 1114 formed at a predetermined position in the pixel, the first substrate has a shading region in gaps between the plurality of pixels, and a wall structure 1115 is placed regularly on the surface of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer in the shading region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a first substrate 110a, a second substrate 110b placed to face the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer 120 interposed between the first and second substrates, a first electrode 111 formed on the first substrate, a second electrode 131 formed on the second substrate, an interlayer insulating film 115a placed between the first electrode and the first substrate, and a wall structure 115b formed integrally with the interlayer insulating film. The liquid crystal display device has a plurality of pixels each including the first electrode, the second electrode and the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second electrodes. A shading region surrounds each of the plurality of pixels, and the wall structure is placed regularly in the shading region. A groove structure 415a may be formed in place of the wall structure.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a first substrate; a second substrate provided so as to face the first substrate; a vertical alignment type liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate; a plurality of pixel areas each including a first electrode provided on the first substrate, a second electrode provided on the second substrate, and the liquid crystal layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a wall structure regularly arranged on a surface of the first electrode closer to the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer, when being provided with at least a prescribed voltage, forms at least one liquid crystal domain exhibiting a radially inclined orientation in an area substantially surrounded by the wall structure.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display (LCD) device of the invention includes: a substrate; a dielectric layer; a liquid crystal layer sandwiched by the substrate and the dielectric layer; a plurality of stripe-shaped electrodes formed on a surface of the substrate facing the liquid crystal layer to extend in parallel with a first direction; and a plurality of stripe-shaped plasma channels formed to face the plurality of electrodes with the liquid crystal layer and the dielectric layer therebetween to extend in parallel with a second direction different from the first direction. The dielectric layer or an alignment layer formed on a surface of the dielectric layer facing the liquid crystal layer selectively attenuates ultraviolet rays emitted from the plasma channels.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display (LCD) device of the invention includes: a substrate; a dielectric layer; a liquid crystal layer sandwiched by the substrate and the dielectric layer; a plurality of stripe-shaped electrodes formed on a surface of the substrate facing the liquid crystal layer to extend in parallel with a first direction; and a plurality of stripe-shaped plasma channels formed to face the plurality of electrodes with the liquid crystal layer and the dielectric layer therebetween to extend in parallel with a second direction different from the first direction. The dielectric layer or an alignment layer formed on a surface of the dielectric layer facing the liquid crystal layer selectively attenuates ultraviolet rays emitted from the plasma channels.

Abstract: The polymerizable compound of this invention is represented by general formula (I): where R is H, R′, R′O, R′COO, or R′OCO, R′ is a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, A1 and A2 are independently a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring which may include a substituent represented by formula (II) below; X is H or CH3; and Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 are independently H, F, Cl, CH3, CH3O, CF3, or CF3O wherein at least two of Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 are H and, if both A1 and A2 are cyclohexane rings, at least one of Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 is not H: where Y5, Y6, Y7, and Y8 are independently H, F, Cl, CH3, CH3O, CF3, or CF3O, at least two of Y5, Y6, Y7, and Y8 are H.

Abstract: A photoinitiator is represented by general formula (I): ##STR1## where n is an integer of 1 or greater; A and B are each a trans cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring, the benzene ring being allowed to include a fluorine atom or a methyl group as a substituent, the benzene ring adjacent to a carbonyl group being allowed to include a fluorine atom or a methyl group as a substituent; p and q are each 0 or 1, p and q are not simultaneously 0; X is an alkyl group of C.sub.1 through C.sub.3 or hydrogen atom, Y is a methyl group, ethyl group or alkoxy group of C.sub.1 through C.sub.3, and Z is a methyl group, ethyl group, alkyl-substituted phenyl group or a group represented by general formula (II), Y and Z being allowed to bonded together to form a ring: ##STR2## where A, B, n, p and q are identical with those in general formula (I).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of electrode substrates at least one of which is transparent, a display medium having a liquid crystal region surrounded by a polymer region, and a plurality of pixels. The display medium is interposed between the pair of substrates. A difference between an upper limit value and a lower limit value of a phase transition temperature between a liquid crystal phase and an isotropic liquid phase of a liquid crystal composition constituting the liquid crystal region is 7.0.degree. C. or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymerizable compound represented by Formula (I): ##STR1## where X represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; 1 represents an integer in the range of 0 to 14; m represents 0 or 1; n represents 0 or 1; p represents an integer in the range of 0 to 6; and q represents an integer in the range of 0 to 9, wherein m is 0 under the condition 1=0, and 1 under the condition 1.noteq.0.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound represented by Formula (I): ##STR1## where X is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; l and m are independently an integer of 0 to 14; Y is a single bond, --COO--, --OCO--, or --O--; n and p are independently an integer of 0 to 18; q and s are independently an integer of 0 or 1; and R.sup.A and R.sup.B are independently represented by Formula (II) or (III); ##STR2## provided that, when q=1, p.gtoreq.2; and when R.sup.A is represented by the Formula (II), R.sup.B is represented by the Formula (II).

Abstract: A polymerizable compound represented by Formula (I): ##STR1## where X is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Y and Z are independently a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; l is an integer of 0 to 14; m and n are independently an integer of 0 or 1; R is represented by Formula (II), (III), or (IV); and when m=1, l.gtoreq.

Abstract: A display medium layer is sandwiched between a TFT substrate and a counter substrate. In the display medium layer, resin walls are respectively formed in regions other than those where a plurality of segmented electrodes are formed, and liquid crystal portions are respectively formed in regions between the respective resin walls, corresponding to those where the segmented electrodes are formed. Disclination lines are formed on the interfaces between the resin walls and the liquid crystal regions. In a liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal regions are radially oriented and at least one liquid crystal domain is formed in each liquid crystal region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a pair of opposing substrates and polymer dispersed liquid crystal interposed between the pair of opposing substrates, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal including a polymer matrix and a plurality of liquid crystal droplets partitioned by the polymer matrix. The polymer matrix and the plurality of liquid crystal droplets are formed by applying light and/or heat to a polymer dispersed liquid crystal precursor in which a polymer for forming the polymer matrix and liquid crystal molecules for forming the liquid crystal droplets are combined via a combining group, the combining group being cleaved by the application of light and/or heat.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device of the present invention includes a pair of substrates opposed to each other with a composite containing polymer regions and liquid crystal regions interposed therebetween, at least one of the substrates being transparent, wherein an insulator as a gap keeping member for keeping a gap between the substrates is formed in the polymer regions.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a display medium layer is sandwiched between a TFT substrate and a counter substrate. In the display medium layer, resin walls are respectively formed in regions other than those where a plurality of segmented electrodes are formed, and liquid crystal portions are respectively formed in regions between the respective resin walls, corresponding to those where the segmented electrodes are formed. Disclination lines are formed on the interfaces between the resin walls and the liquid crystal regions. In a liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal regions are radially oriented and at least one liquid crystal domain is formed in each liquid crystal region.

Abstract: A photopolymerizable resin material composition for forming a polymer used for a liquid crystal display apparatus includes at least one acrylate compound selected from the group consisting of a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8, a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.ltoreq..alpha.<0.8, a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8, a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8 and a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8 and a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8, and a photopolymerization delaying resin material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a pair of electrode substrates and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal complex film interposed between the pair of substrates. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal complex film includes a liquid crystal composition and a polymer resin composition. It is ensured that a value .DELTA.T is 25.degree. C. or less, and a glass transition temperature T.sub.g of the polymer resin composition is 60.degree. C. or more, the value .DELTA.T being defined as a difference between a phase transition temperature T.sub.CI of the liquid crystal composition between a liquid crystal phase and an isotropic liquid phase thereof and a phase transition temperature T.sub.matrix of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal complex film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a pair of electrode substrates and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal complex film interposed between the pair of substrates. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal complex film includes a liquid crystal composition and a polymer resin composition. It is ensured that a value .DELTA.T is 25.degree. C. or less, and a glass transition temperature T.sub.g of the polymer resin composition is 60.degree. C. or more, the value .DELTA.T being defined as a difference between a phase transition temperature T.sub.CI of the liquid crystal composition between a liquid crystal phase and an isotropic liquid phase thereof and a phase transition temperature T.sub.matrix of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal complex film.

Abstract: A display medium layer is sandwiched between a TFT substrate and a counter substrate. In the display medium layer, resin walls are respectively formed in regions other than those where a plurality of segmented electrodes are formed, and liquid crystal portions are respectively formed in regions between the respective resin walls, corresponding to those where the segmented electrodes are formed. Disclination lines are formed on the interfaces between the resin walls and the liquid crystal regions. In a liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal regions are radially oriented and at least one liquid crystal domain is formed in each liquid crystal region.