Abstract: A chemical substance sensing element 142 for detecting a specific chemical substance included in biological information includes a carbon nanostructure and, because of metal complex or a fluorescent molecule modifying its surface, exhibits substance selectivity and high sensitivity. Of the substances modifying the surface of carbon nanostructures, CoPc reacts with NO and pentane and DAF-2 reacts with NO, as the components contained in the biological information, respectively, and both produce reaction products. The reaction product derived from CoPc changes electric resistance between nodes 154 and 156, and the reaction product derived from DAF-2 generates fluorescence of a specific wavelength when irradiated with excitation light. Therefore, by measuring the change in electric resistance or presence/absence and wavelength of fluorescent of the present element, sensing of NO or pentane is possible.

Abstract: In a detection apparatus, an inlet and an outlet are opened and an air introducing mechanism is driven to introduce air to a case, and airborne particles are electrically attracted and held on a collecting jig 12. After introduction, the inlet and outlet are closed, and amount of fluorescence received by a light receiving element resulting from irradiation with light emitted from a light emitting element is measured by a measuring unit. Thereafter, the collecting jig is heated by a heater and the amount of fluorescence after heating is measured by the measuring unit. Based on the amount of change in the amount of fluorescence before and after heating, the amount of microorganisms collected by the collecting jig is calculated at the measuring unit.

Abstract: A light receiving element provides a current signal corresponding to an amount of received light scattered by suspended particles moving at a predetermined speed to a pulse width measurement circuit and a current-voltage conversion circuit via a filter circuit. A pulse width measured from the current signal is converted into a voltage value based on a predetermined relationship by a pulse width-voltage conversion circuit, and is provided to a voltage comparison circuit. The current-voltage conversion circuit converts a peak value of the current signal into a voltage value, and an amplifier circuit amplifies the signal at a predetermined amplification factor and provides the same to the voltage comparison circuit. The voltage comparison circuit uses the voltage value converted from the pulse width as a boundary value, and the suspended particles causing the scattered light are detected as microorganisms when the peak voltage value is smaller than the boundary value.

Abstract: A chemical substance sensing element 142 for detecting a specific chemical substance included in biological information includes a carbon nanostructure and, because of metal complex or a fluorescent molecule modifying its surface, exhibits substance selectivity and high sensitivity. Of the substances modifying the surface of carbon nanostructures, CoPc reacts with NO and pentane and DAF-2 reacts with NO, as the components contained in the biological information, respectively, and both produce reaction products. The reaction product derived from CoPc changes electric resistance between nodes 154 and 156, and the reaction product derived from DAF-2 generates fluorescence of a specific wavelength when irradiated with excitation light. Therefore, by measuring the change in electric resistance or presence/absence and wavelength of fluorescent of the present element, sensing of NO or pentane is possible.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a hologram erasing method, in which a predetermined hologram is erased by irradiating a predetermined region of a hologram recording medium in which the hologram to be erased is recorded with a reference light beam and a signal light beam holding a random data pattern at the same time. In this method, the signal light beam and the reference light beam interfere with each other in the medium, and a Fourier transform hologram recorded in the region where the interference occurs is destroyed and erased by interference light beam. That is, a data page for erasing including a random pattern is overwritten to erase an original data page. According to the present invention, the hologram recorded in the optical recording medium can be selectively and completely erased in a simple method.

Abstract: There is provided a hologram recording medium having: a recording layer at which a hologram can be recorded by illumination of writing light; and a protective layer provided on the recording layer in order to protect the recording layer, a water absorbency of the protective layer being less than or equal to 0.01%.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image formation device including: an image reading section which reads an image from an image formation member, at which image formation member the image is formed and a hologram recording medium is mounted, associated information relating to the image being stored as a hologram in the hologram recording medium; an information acquisition section which acquires the stored associated information from the hologram recording medium; an image processing section which processes the image read by the image reading section in accordance with the associated information acquired by the information acquisition section; and an image formation section which forms an image processed by the image processing section.

Abstract: A postprocessing apparatus for conducting postprocessing on an image forming member, including a receiving unit for receiving an image forming member having an image formed thereon, and an attaching unit for attaching a hologram recording medium in which a hologram can be written, to the image forming member. The postprocessing apparatus further includes a recording unit for writing related information corresponding to image formed on the image forming member, onto the hologram recording medium.

Abstract: While Fourier transformation of a signal light beam is performed to perform recording during holographic recording so that a focal point is formed outside a holographic recording layer (defocus recording), an aperture is arranged on an outgoing side of the reproduced signal light beam (reproduction light beam), the reproduction light beam is focused at the aperture, and low-order components of a Fourier transform image of the reproduction light beam are selectively transmitted to detect only the transmitted light beam. Therefore, information recorded as the hologram in the holographic recording layer can be reproduced with high S/N ratio from the holographic recording layer added onto a support body, particularly onto a sheet member having non-optical quality such as paper and a plastic card.

Abstract: A hologram is recorded by irradiating, with a reference light beam, a region corresponding to an intensity distribution of a signal light beam on an optical recording medium. For example, the reference light beam having the intensity distribution which substantially coincides with the intensity distribution of the signal light beam is generated, and only the region which substantially coincides with the region irradiated by the signal light beam (i.e., the signal light beam defocused region) is irradiated with the reference light beam. This enables only the necessary region to be exposed and the regions which need not be exposed not to be exposed. Accordingly, the hologram can be recorded without losing information of the signal light beam and thus high-density recording can be realized.

Abstract: Information recorded as a hologram in a predetermined position of an optical recording medium is reproduced, and subsequently the reproduced information is re-recorded and retained in the same position as the predetermined position as a hologram. Alternatively, information recorded as a hologram in a predetermined position of an optical recording medium is reproduced, and subsequently the reproduced information is re-recorded and retained in a position different from the predetermined position as a hologram easily.

Abstract: In the disclosed holographic recording method, when multiplex recording of data of a plurality of pages is performed, exposure time of a hologram of a final page to be recorded is fixed irrespective of a degree of multiplicity while an exposure time of each page is changed and diffraction efficiencies of the holograms of the plurality of pages becomes equal.

Abstract: An optical recording/reproducing apparatus having excellent resistance against vibration and noise. In recording, coherent light is polarization-modulated with a spatial light modulator to generate signal light and reference light whose polarization directions are crossed at right angles. The signal light permeates a polarizing beam splitter, and is incident to a quarter wavelength plate. The reference light passes through a passing hole, is diffused by a light diffuser and is incident to the quarter wavelength plate. The reference and signal light are converted into circularly polarized light which revolve in directions opposite to each other and condensed by a condenser lens, and then a predetermined area of an optical recording medium is irradiated with the reference and signal light. Thus, the reference and signal light are generated by modulating the incident light from the same light source and are coaxially incident to the polarizing beam splitter.

Abstract: A holographic recording method and a holographic recording apparatus capable of selectively rewriting or erasing only desired data without degrading data other than the desired data are provided. Holograms are multiple recorded per file, and page data in one file is multiple recorded, while page data in one file and page data in another file are not multiple recorded. Therefore, only the desired file can be selectively rewritten or erased without degrading the other files.

Abstract: A recording medium including a storage part to hold a medium identifier intrinsic to each recording medium, and a hologram generated using a reference beam modulated with the medium identifier. Preferably, the hologram is fixed on a surface of the recording medium.

Abstract: There is provided a hologram recording medium having: a recording layer at which a hologram can be recorded by illumination of writing light; and a protective layer provided on the recording layer in order to protect the recording layer, a water absorbency of the protective layer being less than or equal to 0.01%.

Abstract: There is provided a hologram recording medium having: a non-optical-quality sheet member; a recording layer at which a hologram can be recorded by illumination of writing light, or at which a hologram is recorded by illumination of writing light; a reflecting layer provided between the sheet member and the recording layer, a surface of the reflecting layer having a ten-point average roughness Rz that is less than a wavelength of reading light which surface contacts the recording layer, and due to illumination of the reading light from a recording layer side, the reflecting layer reflecting the reading light and diffracted light diffracted by a hologram; and a protective layer provided on the recording layer and protecting the recording layer.

Abstract: An optical recording/reproducing apparatus having excellent resistance against vibration and noise. In recording, coherent light is polarization-modulated with a spatial light modulator to generate signal light and reference light whose polarization directions are crossed at right angles. The signal light permeates a polarizing beam splitter, and is incident to a quarter wavelength plate. The reference light passes through a passing hole, is diffused by a light diffuser and is incident to the quarter wavelength plate. The reference and signal light are converted into circularly polarized light which revolve in directions opposite to each other and condensed by a condenser lens, and then a predetermined area of an optical recording medium is irradiated with the reference and signal light. Thus, the reference and signal light are generated by modulating the incident light from the same light source and are coaxially incident to the polarizing beam splitter.

Abstract: A shredder that shreds a recording medium which includes, on a surface thereof, an image forming portion and a holographic memory portion in which data is recorded. The shredder includes a data destroying unit that destroys at least the data recorded in the holographic memory portion and a shredding unit that shreds the entire recording medium. Thus, when a recording medium to which has been added a holographic memory portion in which useful information is recorded is to be discarded, the data(information) recorded in the holographic memory portion can be safely destroyed so that the data can no longer be read.

Abstract: An optical recording/reproducing apparatus having excellent resistance against vibration and noise is provided. In recording, coherent light is polarization-modulated with a spatial light modulator to generate signal light and reference light whose polarization directions are crossed at right angles with each other. The signal light permeates a polarizing beam splitter, and is incident to a quarter wavelength plate. The reference light passes through a passing hole, is diffused by a light diffuser and is incident to the quarter wavelength plate. The reference and signal light are converted into circularly polarized light which revolve in directions opposite to each other and condensed by a condenser lens, and then a predetermined area of an optical recording medium is irradiated with the reference and signal light. Thus, the reference and signal light are generated by modulating the incident light from the same light source and are coaxially incident to the polarizing beam splitter.