Abstract: There is provided a lighting apparatus that is capable of accurately measuring the temperature of an optical member that transmits therethrough light emitted from a light source without blocking the optical path of the light.

Abstract: There is provided a lighting apparatus that is capable of accurately measuring the temperature of an optical member that transmits therethrough light emitted from a light source without blocking the optical path of the light.

Abstract: In an optical angle detection apparatus, a single optical distance measurement unit is disposed opposite an object having a plane. The optical distance measurement unit includes a light projecting portion that projects a beam in the direction of an optical axis, and a light receiving portion that receives a beam reflected from a measurement position at which the optical axis intersects the plane and outputs a distance measurement signal indicating a distance to the measurement position. An optical axis deflector is provided for deflecting the optical axis to switch the measurement position between a first measurement position and a second measurement position, so that first and second distance measurement signals corresponding to the first and second measurement positions are output from the optical distance measurement unit.

Abstract: In an optical angle detection apparatus, a single optical distance measurement unit is disposed opposite an object having a plane. The optical distance measurement unit includes a light projecting portion that projects a beam in the direction of an optical axis, and a light receiving portion that receives a beam reflected from a measurement position at which the optical axis intersects the plane and outputs a distance measurement signal indicating a distance to the measurement position. An optical axis deflector is provided for deflecting the optical axis to switch the measurement position between a first measurement position and a second measurement position, so that first and second distance measurement signals corresponding to the first and second measurement positions are output from the optical distance measurement unit.

Abstract: A portable information terminal device includes a monitor (11) on which information is displayed, a main body (10) on which the monitor (11) is mounted and by which the entire outline is defined, a CCD (24) disposed inside the main body (10) for photographing an object, and an optical unit (30) including a plurality of lenses (32,34) arranged in a direction of an optical axis and a driving mechanism (37) for performing variable-power driving while relatively moving the plurality of lenses so that a magnification of the object can be varied with respect to the CCD (24). Therefore, the object can be photographed in a wide range from a telephotographic side to a wide-angle side, and its image information can be transmitted and received through a communications system.

Abstract: An exposure control method and apparatus for a camera having a two-area divided brightness measurement system. A central light value is determined based on a central area brightness of a photographic scene, and a peripheral light value is determined based on a peripheral area brightness of the scene. After determining by comparison between the central and peripheral light values whether the scene is back-lighted or front-lighted, a correction coefficient specific to back-lighted scenes or that specific to front-lighted scenes is read from a memory. An exposure value suitable for a main subject is calculated according to the following equation: Es=log2{1−(1−&agr;)2LVb−LVa}−log2&agr;+LVa wherein Es represents the exposure value and &agr; represents the correction coefficient.

Abstract: An exposure control method and apparatus for a camera having a two-area divided brightness measurement system. A central light value is determined based on a central area brightness of a photographic scene, and a peripheral light value is determined based on a peripheral area brightness of the scene. After determining by comparison between the central and peripheral light values whether the scene is back-lighted or front-lighted, a correction coefficient specific to back-lighted scenes or that specific to front-lighted scenes is read from a memory.

Abstract: An exposure control method and apparatus for a camera having a two-area divided brightness measurement system. A central light value is determined based on a central area brightness of a photographic scene, and a peripheral light value is determined based on a peripheral area brightness of the scene. After determining by comparison between the central and peripheral light values whether the scene is back-lighted or front-lighted, a correction coefficient specific to back-lighted scenes or that specific to front-lighted scenes is read from a memory. An exposure value suitable for a main subject is calculated according to the following equation: Es=log2{1−(1−&agr;)2LVb−LVa}−log2&agr;+LVa wherein Es represents the exposure value and &agr; represents the correction coefficient.

Abstract: An exposure control method and apparatus for a camera having a two-area divided brightness measurement system. A central light value is determined based on a central area brightness of a photographic scene, and a peripheral light value is determined based on a peripheral area brightness of the scene. After determining by comparison between the central and peripheral light values whether the scene is back-lighted or front-lighted, a correction coefficient specific to back-lighted scenes or that specific to front-lighted scenes is read from a memory.

Abstract: An exposure control method and apparatus for a camera having a two-area divided brightness measurement system. A central light value is determined based on a central area brightness of a photographic scene, and a peripheral light value is determined based on a peripheral area brightness of the scene. After determining by comparison between the central and peripheral light values whether the scene is back-lighted or front-lighted, a correction coefficient specific to back-lighted scenes or that specific to front-lighted scenes is read from a memory. An exposure value suitable for a main subject is calculated according to the following equation: Es=log2{1−(1−&agr;)2LVb−LVa}−log2&agr;+LVa wherein Es represents the exposure value and &agr; represents the correction coefficient.

Abstract: An exposure control method and apparatus for a camera having a two-area divided brightness measurement system. A central light value is determined based on a central area brightness of a photographic scene, and a peripheral light value is determined based on a peripheral area brightness of the scene. After determining by comparison between the central and peripheral light values whether the scene is back-lighted or front-lighted, a correction coefficient specific to back-lighted scenes or that specific to front-lighted scenes is read from a memory. An exposure value suitable for a main subject is calculated according to the following equation:Es=log.sub.2 {1-(1-.alpha.).sub.2.sup.LVb-LVa }-log.sub.2 .alpha.+LVawherein Es represents the exposure value and .alpha. represents the correction coefficient.

Abstract: An exposure control method and apparatus for a camera having a two-area divided brightness measurement system. A central light value is determined based on a central area brightness of a photographic scene, and a peripheral light value is determined based on a peripheral area brightness of the scene. After determining by comparison between the central and peripheral light values whether the scene is back-lighted or front-lighted, a correction coefficient specific to back-lighted scenes or that specific to front-lighted scenes is read from a memory. An exposure value suitable for a main subject is calculated according to the following equation:Es=log.sub.2 {1-(1-.alpha.)2.sup.LVb-LVa }-log.sub.2 .alpha.+LVAwherein Es represents the exposure value and .alpha. represents the correction coefficient.

Abstract: A camera including operable means changeable from an initial position to a predetermined position and vice versa, drive means for driving the operable means, detection means for detecting that the operable means reaches the predetermined position, control means for controlling the drive means, whereby the operable means is forcibly reset in the initial position when an erroneous operation occurs. The camera detects the occurrence of erroneous operations and automatically suspends the driving of the operable means so as to eliminate the influence of erroneous operations and assure accurate photography.

Abstract: A drive current of a motor is controlled by an output of a pulse oscillator having a variable duty ratio in response to a shutter release operation. Shutter blades having the function of the diaphragm blade start to open the aperture for exposure in interlocked relationship with the rotation of the motor. The shutter blades are provided with a plurality of detection marks for use in detection of the shutter blade position, and every time each of the detection marks passes through a predetermined detection point, an aperture value detection circuit produces a detection pulse. Each of the detection pulses is supplied to an operation circuit which calculates a time interval between the detection pulses. The time interval between the detection pulses is compared with a reference time stored previously in a setting device so that the duty ratio of the output signal of the pulse oscillator in the next cycle of the detection pulse is controlled to control the rotational speed of the motor.

Abstract: In order to make possible the automatic setting of the sensitivity of a film to be used in an exposure controlling system by a simplified structure manufacturable at a low cost, the camera auto sensing system for ISO speed comprises: a pair of switches rendered to either a conductive state or a non-conductive state by judging a digital pattern indicative of the film sensitivities provided on a film cartridge mounted in a camera; a pair of electromagnets connected to respective switches; a film sensitivity changing lever coupled to the armatures of the respective electromagnets so as to be allowed to be moved to four positions in accordance with the operative state and the non-operative state of the respective electromagnets; and light amount changing means coupled to the film sensitivity changing lever to change the amount of light incident to an exposure-controlling light-receiving device in accordance with the movement of the changing lever.