Abstract: A first aspect of the present invention is carbon fiber wherein the surface of a monofilament has a center line average roughness Ra of 6.0 nm or more and 13 nm or less, and the monofilament has a long diameter/short diameter ratio of 1.11 or more and 1.245 or less. A second aspect of the present invention is carbon fiber precursor acrylic fiber wherein the surface of a monofilament has a center line average roughness Ra of 18 nm or more and 27 nm or less, and the monofilament has a long diameter/short diameter ratio of 1.11 or more and 1.245 or less. The carbon fiber according to the first aspect is obtained by stabilizing and carbonizing under specific conditions the carbon fiber precursor acrylic fiber according to the second aspect.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and formulations comprising an antifungal agent. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising luliconazole in an amount effective for the treatment of onychomycosis are provided. Also provided are methods for treating dermatomycoses and onychomycosis using the compositions and formulations.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and formulations comprising an antifungal agent. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising luliconazole in an amount effective for the treatment of onychomycosis are provided. Also provided are methods for treating dermatomycoses and onychomycosis using the compositions and formulations.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and formulations comprising an antifungal agent. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising luliconazole in an amount effective for the treatment of onychomycosis are provided. Also provided are methods for treating dermatomycoses and onychomycosis using the compositions and formulations.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and formulations comprising an antifungal agent. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising luliconazole in an amount effective for the treatment of onychomycosis are provided. Also provided are methods for treating dermatomycoses and onychomycosis using the compositions and formulations.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and formulations comprising an antifungal agent. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising luliconazole in an amount effective for the treatment of onychomycosis are provided. Also provided are methods for treating dermatomycoses and onychomycosis using the compositions and formulations.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and formulations comprising an antifungal agent. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising luliconazole in an amount effective for the treatment of onychomycosis are provided. Also provided are methods for treating dermatomycoses and onychomycosis using the compositions and formulations.

Abstract: A method for screening an apoptosis inhibitor characterized by screening a candidate via an effect on PGT. A cell protecting agent containing as the active ingredient a substance which can be incorporated into cells via prostaglandin transporter (PGT); and a screening method therefor comprising measuring the uptake into cells via PGT. An apoptosis inducer containing as the active ingredient a substance having a PGT inhibitory effect; and a screening method therefor comprising measuring the ability to induce apoptosis of cells with the expression of PGT. Because of having a cell apoptosis inhibitory effect, the cell protecting agent is useful as a nerve cell apoptosis inhibitor, a nerve cell protecting agent, etc. and applicable to the prevention or treatment of nervous diseases, etc. The apoptosis inducer is useful in preventing and/or treating diseases in association with cell proliferation such as tumor, etc.

Abstract: A method for screening an apoptosis inhibitor characterized by screening a candidate via an effect on PGT. A cell protecting agent containing as the active ingredient a substance which can be incorporated into cells via prostaglandin transporter (PGT); and a screening method therefor comprising measuring the uptake into cells via PGT. An apoptosis inducer containing as the active ingredient a substance having a PGT inhibitory effect; and a screening method therefor comprising measuring the ability to induce apoptosis of cells with the expression of PGT. Because of having a cell apoptosis inhibitory effect, the cell protecting agent is useful as a nerve cell apoptosis inhibitor, a nerve cell protecting agent, etc. and applicable to the prevention or treatment of nervous diseases, etc. The apoptosis inducer is useful in preventing and/or treating diseases in association with cell proliferation such as tumor, etc.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for spinal canal stenosis is provided, which contains a pyridazinone compound of the formula (I) wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl, X is a halogen atom, a cyano or a hydrogen atom, Y is a halogen atom, a trifluoromethyl or a hydrogen atom, and A is a C1-C8 alkylene optionally substituted with a hydroxyl, or its pharmacologically acceptable salt.

Abstract: An angiogenesis promoter and angiogenesis potentiator containing a pyridazinone compound of the formula (I) wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, as an active ingredient. The pyridazinone compound (I) and a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof in the present invention promote angiogenesis and potentiate the angiogenic effect of a drug having such effect, and are useful as an angiogenesis promoter and angiogenesis potentiator.

Abstract: An agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of muscle tissue degeneration, containing, as an active ingredient, a quinoline compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. The prophylactic or therapeutic agent of muscle tissue degeneration of the present invention contains a quinoline compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, and shows remarkable inhibitory or improving action on degeneration of the muscle tissues such as necrosis, fibrosis, calcification and the like. The agent is specifically useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of cardiomyopathy, muscular dystrophy, pulmonary fibrosis and the like.

Abstract: An agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of TXA.sub.2 -mediated diseases, particularly, a TXA.sub.2 synthetase inhibitor, which comprises a pyridazinone compound of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. The pyridazinone compound (I) and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof used in the present invention have prophylactic and therapeutic activities against TXA.sub.2 -mediated diseases, particularly a TXA.sub.2 synthetase inhibitory action and are useful as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of TXA.sub.2 -mediated diseases, particularly as TXA.sub.2 synthetase inhibitors.

Abstract: Quinolin-2-yl benzoic acid compounds which are useful as intermediates of quinoline compounds having angiotensin II antagonist activity prepared by decarboxylating 2-(carboxyphenyl)-4-quinolinecarboxylic acid compounds in which a carboxyl group bonded to a phenyl group may be esterified, while a carboxyl group bonded to a quinoline ring is not esterified, and both rings may have one or more substituents inert to the decarboxylation reaction.

Abstract: A novel carboxylic acid compound having a condensed ring; which is represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, a pharmaceutical composition thereof and pharmaceutical use thereof. The novel carboxylic acid compound having a condensed ring and pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention have superior GPIIb/IIIa antagonism in mammals inclusive of human; can be administered orally; have long life in blood and low toxicity; and show less side-effects. Accordingly, they are extremely useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of thrombotic diseases and other diseases.

Abstract: A quinoline compound represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein the definition of each substituents are described in the specification, which have angiotensin II antagonism and hypotensive action and are useful as an agent for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular system diseases such as hypertension, heart failure and the like.

Abstract: A novel carboxylic acid compound having a condensed ring, which is represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, a pharmaceutical composition thereof and pharmaceutical use thereof. The novel carboxylic acid compound having a condensed ring and pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention have superior GPIIb/IIIa antagonism in mammals inclusive of human; can be administered orally; have long life in blood and low toxicity; and show less side-effects. Accordingly, they are extremely useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of thrombotic diseases and other diseases.

Abstract: A novel pharmaceutical use of a dihydropyridine derivative of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different and each is an alkyl or the like; R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom or the like; R.sub.5 is nitro, a halogenated alkyl, cyano or the like; X is a vinylene or an azomethine; A is an alkylene; and B is --N(R.sub.6) (R.sub.7) or a group of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are the same or different and each is an alkyl, an aralkyl, an aryl or the like; R.sub.8 and Ar are aryl or the like; and n is 0, 1 or 2, or an acid addition salt thereof for promoting PGI.sub.2 production, and for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipemia, arteriosclerosis and cerebral diseases.

Abstract: A quinoline compound represented by the formula (1) or a salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein the definition of each substituents are described in the specification, which have angiotensin II antagonism and hypotensive action and are useful as an agent for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular system diseases such as hypertension, heart failure and the like.

Abstract: An isoindazole compound of the formula (1) or a salt thereof; a method for the production thereof; and pharmaceutical use of the compound and a salt thereof, particularly as an angiotensin II antagonist and as an agent for the prophylaxis and treatment of circulatory diseases (particularly hypertension and heart failure); ##STR1## wherein Q is a heterocyclic derivative of the formula (2) or (3) ##STR2## wherein other symbols of the above formulas are as defined in the Specification. The compound and its salt show superior angiotensin II antagonism and are low toxic. Accordingly, they are useful as angiotensin II antagonists for the treatment or prophylaxis of angiotensin II-mediated diseases such as circulatory diseases of hypertension (e.g. essential hypertension, renal hypertension) and heart failure.