Abstract: A method and an apparatus for treating salt water by a multiplicity of reverse osmosis membrane modules or a structure constituted by combining a multiplicity of reverse osmosis membrane modules and an evaporating device and thereby capable of efficiently treating it while preventing excessively large energy consumption. Salt water is passed through a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules so as to be separated into desalted water of a potable water level and high density concentrated water the salinity quality of which is 80,000 to 120,000 ppm.

Abstract: Medical wastes are placed in a medical waste container which is then placed in a closed apparatus body. The container is heated by a heater so that the medical wastes are sterilized and melted or softened. The container containing the medical wastes is then compressed and molded by a compression device. The compression-molded product containing the medical wastes and the container is then discharged from a door of the apparatus body. Alternatively, medical wastes are heat-sterilized by operating a microwave generator. The microwave generator is controlled by detecting the concentration of the combustible gases contained in the exhaust gases discharged from a closed apparatus body, the concentration of hydrogen chloride gas and/or a ratio of reflected power to incident power by using a power monitor connected to a waveguide of the microwave generator. At the same time, hot air can also be circulated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalytic reactor in which a plurality of pipe-shaped catalysts are arranged, said reactor including a catalyst-supporting structure which is capable of varying the distance between the adjacent catalysts. Disclosed is also a method for constructing such a reactor, said method comprising optimally setting the distance between the adjacent catalysts from one operation to another.