Abstract: Provide is a porous spherical silica useful as a polish and as a cosmetic material. The porous spherical silica is such that less impurities are contained therein, the particle size distribution thereof is narrow, the D50 thereof is within a predetermined range, and the pore volume thereof is within a predetermined range, the D50 thereof is 2 to 200 ?m, the D10/D90 thereof is at least 0.3, the pore volume thereof is 0.5 mL/g to 8 mL/g, the arithmetic mean value of the breaking compressive test forces of specimens of ten particles is 1.0×101 to 1.0×102 mN, and the alkali metal content thereof is at most 50 ppm. The porous spherical silica can be produced by forming a W/O emulsion using a fumed silica dispersion as an aqueous phase, and pH-adjusting or heating to gelate this emulsion, and thereafter collecting and drying the resultant.

Abstract: A quality estimation system for estimating DL throughput at user terminals which are connected to a wireless network, includes: acquisition means for acquiring at least terminal information, wireless reception quality information and network quality information from a plurality of user terminals; coefficient derivation means for deriving coefficients in an estimation equation in which the DL throughput is an objective variable and at least the wireless reception quality information and the network quality information are explanatory variables, based on the information acquired by the acquisition means; and estimation means for estimating DL throughput corresponding to measurement data from the measurement data using the estimation equation with application of the coefficients.

Abstract: A mathematical model deriving apparatus includes an encoding unit that generates a plurality of deteriorated videos after encoding an original video, in accordance with a plurality of combinations of a plurality of encoding parameters for a codec setting, a quality estimation unit that calculates a quality estimation value of each of the plurality of deteriorated videos, and a deriving unit that outputs video quality in response to the plurality of encoding parameters as input and derives a coefficient of a mathematical model in accordance with the quality estimation value and the plurality of combinations of the plurality of encoding parameters. This allows for deriving a mathematical model capable of evaluating quality according to a codec setting.

Abstract: A quality estimation apparatus includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire quality information including QoEs and quality index values collected on a user terminal in a wireless network environment; and a construction unit configured to classify the QoEs and quality index values according to area attributes, the QoEs and quality index values being acquired by the acquisition unit, and construct QoE estimation models according to the respective area attributes using the QoEs and quality index values for the respective area attributes.

Abstract: A quality estimation system for estimating DL throughput at user terminals which are connected to a wireless network, includes: acquisition means for acquiring at least terminal information, wireless reception quality information and network quality information from a plurality of user terminals; coefficient derivation means for deriving coefficients in an estimation equation in which the DL throughput is an objective variable and at least the wireless reception quality information and the network quality information are explanatory variables, based on the information acquired by the acquisition means; and estimation means for estimating DL throughput corresponding to measurement data from the measurement data using the estimation equation with application of the coefficients.

Abstract: This invention relates to a windshield unit for a motorcycle which is capable of reducing hissing noises of wind and improving performance of discharging water without detracting from the motorcycle's appearance while eliminating wind buffeting. The windshield unit includes a wind screen which shields running wind on a cowl disposed on a front portion of the motorcycle body, an air inlet port which guides the running wind to the back side of the wind screen, and an air guide plate which guides air upward and backward from the air inlet port, a step portion with a step on a top surface of the air guide plate that is directed backward and downward to form a drain.

Abstract: This invention relates to a windshield unit for a motorcycle which is capable of reducing hissing noises of wind and improving performance of discharging water without detracting from the motorcycle's appearance while eliminating wind buffeting. The windshield unit includes a wind screen which shields running wind on a cowl disposed on a front portion of the motorcycle body, an air inlet port which guides the running wind to the back side of the wind screen, and an air guide plate which guides air upward and backward from the air inlet port, a step portion with a step on a top surface of the air guide plate that is directed backward and downward to form a drain.