Abstract: This invention serves to solve the problem of the large irradiation angle upon an observation target of an inclined illuminator type medical binocular microscope, and the problem of structural complexity and light attenuation of a coaxial illuminator type microscope. The microscope A includes the illumination system 2 comprised of the illumination unit 6 with the condensing lens 6d attached at a front tip of the illumination unit, disposes the illumination system retaining member 7 in close proximity to the two observation optical systems structured at the body tube 3, defines the plane 8 including the prescribed lenses of the objective lenses of the left and right observation optical systems 1 (secondary objective lens 1b) arranged closest to the observation target, and arranges the optical axis 2a of the illumination system 2 inside the circle 9 having a diameter connecting the optical axis 1a of the two observation optical systems with respect to the plane 8.

Abstract: A moisture data-acquiring device for acquiring data on moisture contained in a sheet comprises a force-applying unit for applying an external force to the sheet, a force-receiving unit for receiving the external force through the sheet, a signal outputting unit for outputting a signal reflecting a mechanical property of the sheet which unit is placed on at least one of the force-applying unit and the force-receiving unit, and a moisture data-acquiring unit for acquiring data on moisture of the sheet based on the signal from the signal outputting unit.

Abstract: The present invention is an enzyme-decomposable polymer compound having recyclable decomposition products. The polymeric compound is a glycopolymer of a saccharide having only glucopyranose rings and a second component. In addition, the glycopolymer may contain molecular chains having at least one type of repeating unit, which chains are crosslinked by a saccharide having only glucopyranose rings.

Abstract: A signal output apparatus comprises an impact applying unit applying an impact to a sheet from the outside thereof, and a detection unit outputting a signal by the impact. An apparatus for determining the type of sheet comprises an impact applying unit applying an impact to a sheet from the outside thereof, and a detection unit outputting a signal by the impact, wherein the type of the sheet is determined based on the signal from the detection unit. An image forming apparatus comprises an impact applying unit applying an impact to a sheet from the outside thereof, and a detection unit outputting a signal by the impact. A method for determining the type of sheet comprises the steps of applying an impact to a sheet from the outside thereof, outputting a signal from a detection unit by the applying step, and determining the type of sheet based on the signal. An apparatus carries out the method for determining the type of sheet.

Abstract: An environment sensor (11) for measuring the temperature and humidity can be miniaturized and can respond at high speed. The environment sensor (11) includes a temperature sensing portion (111) having a temperature-sensitive material (1) made of a metal oxide, and a humidity-sensing portion (112) which is formed on the same substrate as the temperature sensing portion (111) and measures the ambient humidity by using a change in electrical characteristics. At least one of a pair of electrodes (2, 3) of the temperature sensor (111) is integrated with an electrode of the humidity-sensing portion (112).

Abstract: A sheet material identifying device for identifying the kind of sheet material by applying vibration on the sheet material. The identifying device has a vibrator for applying vibration on the sheet material, a vibration sensor for detecting, via the sheet material, vibration applied by the vibrator, a device for changing a vibrating state between the vibrator and the vibration sensor, and an identifying section for identifying the kind of sheet material based on a detection result of the vibration sensor. Also, an image forming apparatus making use of the sheet material identifying device and a method of identifying the kind of sheet material are provided.

Abstract: An information process of various kinds of haptic information such as a temperature, pressure, and the like, which is approximate to human haptic sense, is easily achieved in a wide variety of applications in different fields such as detection of various three-dimensional patterns, the surface states of paper and the like, an input device to an information apparatus, and the like without damaging a device. To this end, a single haptic information element simultaneously handles a plurality of kinds of information, i.e., a temperature and pressure, using a ferroelectric or pyroelectric which responds to both the temperature and pressure. Furthermore, not only these pieces of information are detected, but also some or all pieces of detected information are expressed under the control using an external power supply by forming the ferroelectric or pyroelectric on a hollow space structure, i.e., a cantilever or simple beam.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a superconducting wire which is a fine line made of an oxide superconductor, including the steps of forming the fine line by drawing a metal pipe filled with materials for the oxide superconductor, causing the materials to react to produce the oxide superconductor, heating the metal pipe at a temperature which is higher than the melting point of the metal material constituting the metal pipe.

Abstract: This invention serves to solve the problem of the large irradiation angle upon an observation target of an inclined illuminator type medical binocular microscope, and the problem of structural complexity and light attenuation of a coaxial illuminator type microscope.

Abstract: A signal output apparatus comprises an impact applying unit applying an impact to a sheet from the outside thereof, and a detection unit outputting a signal by the impact. An apparatus for determining the type of sheet comprises an impact applying unit applying an impact to a sheet from the outside thereof, and a detection unit outputting a signal by the impact, wherein the type of the sheet is determined based on the signal from the detection unit. An image forming apparatus comprises an impact applying unit applying an impact to a sheet from the outside thereof, and a detection unit outputting a signal by the impact. A method for determining the type of sheet comprises the steps of applying an impact to a sheet from the outside thereof, outputting a signal from a detection unit by the applying step, and determining the type of sheet based on the signal. An apparatus carries out the method for determining the type of sheet.

Abstract: A signal output apparatus comprises a vibration applying unit that contacts with and applies a vibration to a sheet, and a detection unit that outputs a signal by the vibration. An apparatus for determining a type of a sheet comprises a vibration applying unit that contacts with and applies a vibration to a sheet, and a detection unit that outputs a signal by the vibration, wherein a type of the sheet is determined on the basis of the signal from said detection unit. An image forming apparatus comprises a vibration applying unit that contacts with and applies a vibration to a sheet, and a detection unit that outputs a signal by the vibration.

Abstract: The present invention is an enzyme-decomposable polymer compound having recyclable decomposition products. The polymeric compound is a glycopolymer of a saccharide having only glucopyranose rings and a second component. In addition, the glycopolymer may contain molecular chains having at least one type of repeating unit, which chains are crosslinked by a saccharide having only glucopyranose rings.

Abstract: A superconducting wire having a stacked structure comprising (a) a substrate composed of an electrically conductive material, (b) an oxide superconductor material, and (c) an electrically conductive material which is substantially not reactive with said oxide superconductor material (b), wherein said electrically conductive material (c) is impregnated in said oxide superconductor material (b) by way of heat fusion such that gaps among crystal grains contained in said oxide superconductor material (b) are filled with said electrically conductive material (c). And a process for the production of said superconducting wire.

Abstract: A superconducting wire having a fine line made of an oxide superconductor which has metal material dispersed therein, the outer periphery of which being coated with a conductive material; and a manufacturing method for the superconducting wire, comprising a process for drawing a metal pipe; filled with an oxide superconductor so as to product the fine line and a process for heating the fine line at a temperature which is higher than the melting point of the metal material constituting the metal pipe.

Abstract: A superconducting apparatus includes a cryogenic chamber, superconducting equipment contained in the cryogenic chamber and a lead secured to the cryogenic chamber and connected to the superconducting equipment. A structured member for a prevention of an electric discharge is provided between the lead and an area for securing the lead of the cryogenic chamber. The structured member for the prevention of electric discharge may be a laminate of a conducting layer and a insulating layer having recoverable and non-recoverable insulation, and have an effect of shielding the corresponding lead from electromagnetic noises.

Abstract: The present invention is an enzyme-decomposable polymer compound having recyclable decomposition products. The polymeric compound is a glycopolymer of a saccharide having only glucopyranose rings and a second component. In addition, the glycopolymer may contain molecular chains having at least one type of repeating unit, which chains are crosslinked by a saccharide having only glucopyranose rings.

Abstract: In a semiconductor electron emission device for causing an avalanche breakdown by applying a reverse bias voltage to a Schottky barrier junction between a metallic material or metallic compound material and a p-type semiconductor, and externally emitting electrons from a solid-state surface, a p-type semiconductor region (first region) for causing the avalanche breakdown contacts a p-type semiconductor region (second region) for supplying carriers to the first region, and a semi-insulating region is formed around the first region.

Abstract: A cylinder-type endosseous implant having a collar portion and a main type body portion formed under the collar portion. The implant also has screw threads, wherein the height of said screw threads is 0.2 to 0.4 mm; the pitch of said screw threads is 0.8 to 1.7 mm and the rising angle of said screw threads is determined to be at least 50.degree. and less than 90.degree.. The rising angle is defined to be the angle made by a root surface of the main body portion and the straight line which could be drawn from the top of a screw thread to the bottom of the same screw thread.

Abstract: A metal oxide manufacturing method includes the steps of preparing the metal oxide expressed by a general formula of AXBYCZDn, (where A represents at least one element selected from a group consisting of a rare earth element, yttrium and an element obtained either by substituting part of rare earth elements with alkali metals or alkali earth metals or by substituting part of yttrium with alkali metals or alkali earth metals, B represents an alkali earth metal, C represents copper or an element obtained by substituting part of copper with transition metals, and D represents oxygen, and where when X=1, Y=2 to 4, Z=2.7 to 6 and n=6 to 13), reducing the metal oxide expressed by the general formula, and halogenating the reduced metal oxide. Part of oxygen (D) of the metal oxide expressed by the general formula is substituted with the halogen elements.

Abstract: A metal oxide material comprises components, the composition of which is expressed by the following composition formula (I):Ln.sub.a Ca.sub.b Sr.sub.c Ba.sub.d Cu.sub.2+e-h M.sub.h O.sub.6+f C.sub.g(I)wherea+b+c+d=3, 0.2.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.0.8,0.2.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.1.0, 0.3.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.2.2,0.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.1.7, 0.ltoreq.e.ltoreq.0.8,0.ltoreq.h.ltoreq.0.2, 0<f<2.0,0.2.ltoreq.g.ltoreq.1.0,Ln is one or more elements or atomic groups selected from a group consisting of Y and lanthanoid elements and M is one or more elements or atomic groups selected from a group consisting of Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ga, Ge and Pd.