Abstract: The present invention provides a method for confirming existence of a phosphoric acid monoester compound (peptide, saccharine and the like) and easily identifying the molecular weight thereof even among biological samples including a plurality of compounds, and an additive for a mass spectrometry used for the method. In the method according to the present invention, a complex compound exhibiting extremely high coordination ability to a phosphoric acid monoester group and configured of single kind of zinc isotopes is used to obtain a plurality of mass spectrum data, and then the data are compared.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for confirming existence of a phosphoric acid monoester compound (peptide, saccharine and the like) and easily identifying the molecular weight thereof even among biological samples including a plurality of compounds, and an additive for a mass spectrometry used for the method. In the method according to the present invention, a complex compound exhibiting extremely high coordination ability to a phosphoric acid monoester group and configured of single kind of zinc isotopes is used to obtain a plurality of mass spectrum data, and then the data are compared.

Abstract: A biphenyl derivative represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are defined in the specification, is clinically useful for treating and ameliorating mental disorders such as cerebrovascular disorder, aggressive behavior due to senile dementia, mental excitation, poriomania, delirium, hallucination, hyperkinesia, schizophrenia, emotional disturbance, depression, neurosis, psychophysiologic disorder and anxiety neurosis. The compounds exhibit dopamine 2 receptor antagonism and/or serotonin 2 receptor antagonism.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of .alpha.-tocopherol. According to the process, a condensation reaction between trimethylhydroquinone and a specific phytol derivative or isophytol is conducted in the presence of any one of the following solvents:(i) a carbonate ester;(ii) a lower fatty acid ester represented by the following formula:R.sup.1 COOR.sup.2wherein R.sup.1 means a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 means a lower alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms with the proviso that methyl acetate and ethyl acetate are excluded;(iii) a mixed solvent of a nonpolar solvent and a lower alcohol having 1-5 carbon atoms; and(iv) a mixed solvent of the nonpolar solvent and the lower fatty acid ester.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of .alpha.-tocopherol. According to the process, a condensation reaction between trimethylhydroquinone and a specific phytol derivative or isophytol is conducted in the presence of any one of the following solvents:(i) a carbonate ester,(ii) a lower fatty acid ester represented by the following formula:R.sup.1 COOR.sup.2wherein R.sup.1 means a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 means a lowe alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms with the proviso that methyl acetate and ethyl acetate are excluded;(iii) a mixed solvent of a nonpolar solvent and a lower alcohol having 1-5 carbon atoms; and(iv) a mixed solvent of the nonpolar solvent and the lower fatty acid ester.

Abstract: A biphenyl derivative represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are defined in the specification, is clinically useful for treating and ameliorating mental disorders such as cerebrovascular disorder, aggressive behavior due to senile dementia, mental excitation, poriomania, delirium, hallucination, hyperkinesia, schizophrenia, emotional disturbance, depression, neurosis, psychophysiologic disorder and anxiety neurosis. The compounds exhibit dopamine 2 receptor antagonism and/or serotonin 2 receptor antagonism.

Abstract: A process is provided for the preparation of .alpha.-tocopherol. According to the process, a condensation reaction between trimethylhydroquinone and a specific phytol derivative or isophytol is conducted in the presence of any one of the following solvents:(i) a carbonate ester,(ii) a lower fatty acid ester represented by the following formula:R.sup.1 COOR.sup.2wherein R.sup.1 means a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 means a lower alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms with the proviso that methyl acetate and ethyl acetate are excluded;(iii) a mixed solvent of a nonpolar solvent and a lower alcohol having 1-5 carbon atoms; and(iv) a mixed solvent of the nonpolar solvent and the lower fatty acid ester.

Abstract: Intermediates for the preparation of benzothiazole derivatives useful for the prevention and treatment of diseases for which an inhibitory action against the production of leukotriene and thromboxane is efficacious, and industrially advantageous processes for the preparation of the intermediates.

Abstract: A butenoic or propenoic acid derivative having the following formula in which G is an aryl or a heterocyclic ring, R11 and R12 are hydroben or an alkyl, X is sulfur or oxygen, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, an substituent such as an alkyl and J is pyridyl or phenyl having substituents and a heterocyclic ring may be formed between R2, R3 and J is provided here and is useful in the pharmacological field.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thioformamide derivative represented by the following general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, which is highly safe, easy to use, and useful as an excellent hypotensive or heart disease remedy: ##STR1## wherein Y represents ##STR2## or the like [wherein R.sup.7 represents benzyloxy or the like; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 each represent hydrogen, hydroxyl, benzoyloxy, benzyloxy, ##STR3## (wherein R.sup.14 and R.sup.15 each represent hydrogen, benzyl or the like) or the like];Z represents --CH.sub.2 -- or the like; A represents imidazolyl or imidazopyridyl which may have one or two substituents, or the like; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or the like; and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or the like.

Abstract: The biphenylmethane derivative having the formula (I) is useful to prevent and treat hypertension and cardiac failure. ##STR1## in which R1 is hydrogen, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a halogenated alkyl, --S--R7, --SO2--R7, --C.tbd.C--R7 or --(CH2)p--OR7, R7 being hydrogen, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl or a halogenated alkyl, p being zero or 1, --A1=A2--A3=A4-- is --CH=CH--CH=CH--, --N=CH--CH=CH--, --CH=N--CH=CH--, --CH=CH--N=CH--, --CH=CH--CH=N-- or --CH=N--CH=N--, R2 and R3 are each hydrogen, a halogen, a lower alkyl, a lower alkoxy, a carbamoyl or cyano, R4 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R5 is 1H-tetrazol-5-yl, carboxyl (--COOH) or a carboxylic ester and R6 is hydrogen, a halogen, hydroxyl or a lower alkoxy, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thioformamide derivative represented by the following general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, which is highly safe, easy to use, and useful as an excellent hypotensive or heart disease remedy: ##STR1## wherein Y represents ##STR2## or the like [wherein R.sup.7 represents benzyloxy or the like; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 each represent hydrogen, hydroxyl, benzoyloxy, benzyloxy, ##STR3## (wherein R.sup.14 and R.sup.15 each represent hydrogen, benzyl or the like) or the like];Z represents --CH.sub.2 -- or the like; A represents imidazolyl or imidazopyridyl which may have one or two substituents, or the like; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or the like; and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thioformamide derivative represented by the following general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, which is highly safe, easy to use, and useful as an excellent hypotensive or heart disease remedy: ##STR1## wherein Y represents ##STR2## or the like [wherein R.sup.7 represents benzyloxy or the like; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 each represent hydrogen, hydroxyl, benzoyloxy, benzyloxy, ##STR3## (wherein R.sup.14 and R.sup.15 each represent hydrogen, benzyl or the like) or the like];Z represents --CH.sub.2 -- or the like; A represents imidazolyl or imidazopyridyl which may have one or two substituents, or the like; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or the like; and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or the like.

Abstract: A butenoic acid compound of the following formula: ##STR1## in which Z is O, S, vinylene or azomethyne, A is an alkylene group and J is phenyl group, is a useful in treating heart disease.

Abstract: A butenoic or propenoic acid derivative having the following formula in which G is an aryl or a heterocyclic ring, R11 and R12 are hydroben or an alkyl, X is sulfur or oxygen, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, an substituent such as an alkyl and J is pyridyl or phenyl having substituents and a heterocyclic ring may be formed between R2, R3 and J is provided here and is useful in the pharmacological field.

Abstract: A counter pressure casting and a counter pressure casting device in which the pressures in a furnace side and a casting mold side are set to be lower than the maximum pressure of the process at a stage of the molten metal charging and increased to the maximum after the molten metal charging step. This technique provides a casting having less casting defects and improves the productivity.

Abstract: The biphenylmethane derivative having the formula (I) is useful to prevent and treat hypertension and cardiac failure. ##STR1## in which R1 is hydrogen, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a halogenated alkyl, --S--R7, --SO2--R7, --C.tbd.C--R7 or --(CH2)p--OR7, R7 being hydrogen, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl or a halogenated alkyl, p being zero or 1, --A1.dbd.A2--A3.dbd.A4-- is --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--, --N.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.N--CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--N.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.N-- or --CH.dbd.N--CH.dbd.N--, R2 and R3 are each hydrogen, a halogen, a lower alkyl, a lower alkoxy, a carbamoyl or cyano, R4 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R5 is 1H-tetrazol-5-yl, carboxyl (--COOH) or a carboxylic ester and R6 is hydrogen, a halogen, hydroxyl or a lower alkoxy, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The biphenylmethane derivative having the formula (I) is useful to prevent and treat hypertension and cardiac failure. ##STR1## in which R1 is hydrogen, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a halogenated alkyl, --S--R7, --SO2--R7, --C.tbd.C--R7 or --(CH2)--OR7, R7 being hydrogen, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl or a halogenated alkyl, p being zero or 1, --A1.dbd.A2--A3.dbd.A4-- is CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--, --N.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.N--CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--N.dbd.CH--, --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.N-- or --CH.dbd.N--CH.dbd.N--, R2 and R3 are each hydrogen, a halogen, a lower alkyl, a lower alkoxy, a carbamoyl or cyano, R4 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl, R5 is 1H-tetrazol-5-yl, carboxyl (--COOH) or a carboxylic ester and R6 is hydrogen, a halogen, hydroxyl or a lower alkoxy, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A butenoic acid compound is defined by the following formula: ##STR1## in which Z is O,S, vinylene or azomethyne, A is an alkylene and J is phenyl or etc. It is useful to treat the heart desease.

Abstract: A piperidine compound has the generic formula and is useful to treat arrhythmia. ##STR1## in which R1 is a lower alkyl and W is: ##STR2## X is --S--, --SO-- or --SO2--, R2 is hydrogen or --(CH2)n--Y, n is an integer of 1 to 5, Y is an aryl, pyridyl or a substituted pyridyl, X' is --CO-- or --CH(OH)--,p is an integer of 1 to 4, R12 is hydrogen or a lower alkyl, Y' is --(CH2)m--A, m is 1 or 2, A is an aryl, a substituted aryl, pyridyl or a substituted pyridyl, R12 and Y may form a 5- or 6-membered ring or a 5- or 6-membered ring having one or more substituents andR22 is hydrogen, a halogen, a lower alkyl, a lower alkoxy or hydroxy.