Abstract: An earth fault detection apparatus includes a switch group configured to switch between a first measurement path including a battery and a capacitor, a second measurement path including the battery, a negative-side insulation resistance, and the capacitor, a third measurement path including the battery, a positive-side insulation resistance, and the capacitor; and a control unit configured to calculate a reference value, based on each charging voltage of the capacitor in each measurement path, and configured to calculate an insulation resistance with reference to a predetermined conversion map, in which the conversion map includes a conversion map corresponding to a capacitance of the capacitor, and the control unit estimates the capacitance of the capacitor, and refers to the conversion map corresponding to the capacitance of the capacitor that has been estimated.

Abstract: An improved process for producing a light-absorbing chalcopyrite film is disclosed, which comprises the steps of: applying at least one solution containing at least either of (a) an organic compound of a metal in Group 1B of the periodic table and (b) an organic compound of a metal in Group 3B of the periodic table on a substrate at least once to thereby form a thin film containing the organic compound (a) and the organic compound (b); heating the thin film in a reducing or inert gas atmosphere to convert the thin film into a thin metal film comprising the Group 1B metal and the Group 3B metal; and heating the thin metal film in an atmosphere containing either an element in Group 6B of the periodic table or a compound thereof to thereby convert the thin metal film into a thin chalcopyrite film.