Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a power conversion device capable of specifying a failure location of an inverter in detail when an attempt of active discharge fails. There are provided an arithmetic operation circuit 102 that outputs a discharge instruction to control a discharge operation based on a voltage between both ends of a discharge circuit, and an output circuit 203 that outputs a drive signal based on the control signal. The arithmetic operation circuit 102 monitors an amount of the decreased voltage between both the ends of the discharge circuit, an LV read back signal being an output of the arithmetic operation circuit 102, and an HV read back signal being an output of the output circuit 203, and specifies a failure location.

Abstract: An imaging device (10) is configured by being provided with an image pickup element (40) where an imaging surface (41) having a concave surface facing an object side is formed, an imaging optical system (20) which forms an image on the imaging surface (41) in a range smaller than the imaging surface (41), and an oscillating drive section (30) which oscillating-drives the imaging optical system (20) so that a direction of an optical axis Z of the imaging optical system changes. The imaging element (40) captures a first formed by the imaging optical system (20) with a direction of the optical axis Z set to a first direction and a 2nd formed by the imaging optical system (20) with a direction of the optical axis Z set to a 2nd direction, in different regions in the imaging surfaces (41).

Abstract: An imaging device (10) is configured by being provided with an image pickup element (40) where an imaging surface (41) having a concave surface facing an object side is formed, an imaging optical system (20) which forms an image on the imaging surface (41) in a range smaller than the imaging surface (41), and an oscillating drive section (30) which oscillating-drives the imaging optical system (20) so that a direction of an optical axis Z of the imaging optical system changes. The imaging element (40) captures a first formed by the imaging optical system (20) with a direction of the optical axis Z set to a first direction and a 2nd formed by the imaging optical system (20) with a direction of the optical axis Z set to a 2nd direction, in different regions in the imaging surfaces (41).

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising, in order from an object side: a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power; a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power; and a third lens group G3 having positive refractive power; each distance between said lens groups adjacent to each other changing upon zooming from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state, said first lens group G1 having a cemented lens including a negative lens L11, and said third lens group G3 having a cemented lens L32 and L33, and a given conditional expression being satisfied, thereby providing a downsized zoom lens having high optical performance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a zoom lens ZL comprising a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power, a third lens group G3 having positive refractive power, and a fourth lens group G4 having positive refractive power, the first lens group G1 including a negative meniscus lens L11 and a positive meniscus lens L12, the second lens group G2 including a negative meniscus lens L21, a biconcave negative lens L22 and a positive meniscus lens L23, and the fourth lens group G4 including one positive lens L41, and the refractive indexes of at least three lenses in the zoom lens ZL being greater than 1.9.

Abstract: The present invention provides a zoom lens ZL comprising a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power, a third lens group G3 having positive refractive power, and a fourth lens group G4 having positive refractive power, the first lens group G1 including a negative meniscus lens L11 and a positive meniscus lens L12, the second lens group G2 including a negative meniscus lens L21, a biconcave negative lens L22 and a positive meniscus lens L23, and the fourth lens group G4 including one positive lens L41, and the refractive indexes of at least three lenses in the zoom lens ZL being greater than 1.9.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising, in order from an object side: a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power; a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power; and a third lens group G3 having positive refractive power; each distance between said lens groups adjacent to each other changing upon zooming from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state, said first lens group G1 having a cemented lens including a negative lens L11, and said third lens group G3 having a cemented lens L32 and L33, and a given conditional expression being satisfied, thereby providing a downsized zoom lens having high optical performance.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus comprises an X-ray source (2-3, 100, 101), an illumination system (4-7) for guiding said X-ray from an X-ray source to a mask (8), a projection system (9) for projecting a pattern on said mask by guiding said X-ray to an exposed plane (10) through a mask, wherein a projection system comprises a plurality of mirrors (91-94), and at least one reflection mirror (91) is interchangeable with a reflection mirror (97) having a different surface shape.

Abstract: A microscope objective, and microscope incorporating same, are disclosed. A representative embodiment of the objective comprises, arranged on an optical axis, a front lens group having positive refractive power disposed on the object side, a rear lens group having negative refractive power disposed on the image side, and a corrective lens group interposed between the front and rear lens groups. The corrective lens group is axially movable and comprises a pair of meniscus lens elements each of which having a convex surface oriented toward each other. The corrective lens group serves to correct aberrations arising from a cover glass or other refractive body situated between the specimen being observed and the objective lens. To such end, the objective preferably satisfies the conditions:.vertline.1/f.sub.c .vertline..ltoreq..vertline.1/f.vertline..times.0.020.95.ltoreq..vertline.m.vertline..ltoreq.1.05wherein f is the overall refractive power of the microscope objective lens, and f.sub.

Abstract: Novel method and system for controlling input/output in a process control wherein state signals of object processes to be controlled are applied to a CPU via a process input/output unit and operated in the CPU in accordance with a logic programmed and stored in advance, and results of the operation are delivered out to the object processes to control the same. A buffer memory is interposed between the CPU and the process input/output unit. While reception and delivery of data are performed between the CPU or processor unit and the buffer memory, fetching of the state signals of the object processes or delivery of the process controlling signals is performed between the buffer memory and the object processes, thereby attaining a high rate processing as viewed from the overall processing of the system.

Abstract: A data display control system for displaying respective data memorized in a plurality of refresh memories which is operable in various display modes including a selective picture display, a superimposed picture display and a shifting picture display. Individual data memorized in respective refresh memories contain each a display control bit adapted to determine whether or not the individual data are to be displayed on the screen. The data display control system reads out from the respective refresh memories a data information to be picture-displayed and only when the contents of a display control bit contained in the data information designate a display, it converts this data information into a video signal for a picture display. The contents of the display control bit are changeable for individual data.