Abstract: In an automated exchange system, the deterministic matching is supplemented with a non-deterministic trade agent service. The agent server is preferably run in accordance with a best-effort principle, thereby making it possible to design at low cost. The agent trade server is designed to provide users with functionality deemed not to be necessary to implement in the deterministic core of the matching system or deemed to be to expensive to implement therein. The agent trade server then feeds the deterministic core of the matching system with trade input data resulting from the input received for the users of the automated trading system. Thus, the designer of a complex trading system is given an option to provide centrally located functionality to the users of the system without having to change the deterministic core of the matching system.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a non-magnetic undercoating layer for a magnetic recording medium, coated on the surface of a non-magnetic substrate comprising:non-magnetic particles selected from the group consisting of particles (1) and (2):(1) coated acicular or spindle-shaped .alpha.-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles which are produced by adhering not less than 0.01 to 20 wt % (calculated as Al, SiO.sub.2 or Al and SiO.sub.2, and based on acicular or spindle-shaped .alpha.-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles as a core material) of an oxide or a hydroxide containing Al, Si or both Al and Si to the surfaces of acicular or spindle-shaped .alpha.-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles as a core material, and have a molecular weight-dependent parameter .alpha. represented by the following formula of not less than 0.5:As=K.sub.1 .multidot.M.sup..alpha.wherein M represents the number-average molecular weight of a binder resin, As represents the saturation adsorption of said binder resin, and K.sub.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a non-magnetic undercoating layer for a magnetic recording medium, coated on the surface of a non-magnetic substrate comprising:non-magnetic particles selected from the group consisting of particles (1) and (2):(1) coated acicular or spindle-shaped .alpha.-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles which are produced by adhering not less than 0.01 to 20 wt % (calculated as Al, SiO.sub.2 or Al and SiO.sub.2, and based on acicular or spindle-shaped .alpha.-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles as a core material) of an oxide or a hydroxide containing Al, Si or both Al and Si to the surfaces of acicular or spindle-shaped .alpha.-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles as a core material, and have a molecular weight-dependent parameter .alpha. represented by the following formula of not less than 0.5:As=K.sub.1 .multidot.M.sup..alpha.wherein M represents the number-average molecular weight of a binder resin, As represents the saturation adsorption of said binder resin, and K.sub.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a non-magnetic undercoating layer for a magnetic recording medium, coated on the surface of a non-magnetic substrate comprising:non-magnetic particles selected from the group consisting of particles (1) and (2):(1) coated acicular or spindle-shaped .alpha.-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles which are produced by adhering not less than 0.01 to 20 wt % (calculated as Al, SiO.sub.2 or Al and SiO.sub.2, and based on acicular or spindle-shaped .alpha.-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles as a core material) of an oxide or a hydroxide containing Al, Si or both Al and Si to the surfaces of acicular or spindle-shaped .alpha.-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles as a core material, and have a molecular weight-dependent parameter .alpha. represented by the following formula of not less than 0.5:As=K.sub.1 .multidot.M.sup..alpha.wherein M represents the number-average molecular weight of a binder resin, As represents the saturation adsorption of said binder resin, and K.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed herein magnetic particles for magnetic recording which comprise acicular or plate-like magnetic particles and not less than 0.01 wt % (calculated as Al, SiO.sub.2 or Al and SiO.sub.2 and based on the acicular or plate-like magnetic particles) of an oxide or hydroxide containing Al, Si or both Al and Si and adhered to the surfaces of the acicular or plate-like magnetic particles, and which have not less than 0.50 of a molecular-weight-dependent parameter .alpha. represented by the following formula (I):As=K.sub.1 .multidot.M.sup..alpha. (I)wherein M represents a number-average molecular weight of a binder, As represents a saturation adsorption of said binder, and K.sub.1 represents a constant dependent on the binder and a solvent used for measuring As.

Abstract: Disclosed herein magnetic particles for magnetic recording which comprise acicular or plate-like magnetic particles and not less than 0.01 wt % (calculated as Al, SiO.sub.2 or Al and SiO.sub.2 and based on the acicular or plate-like magnetic particles) of an oxide or hydroxide containing Al, Si or both Al and Si and adhered to the surfaces of the acicular or plate-like magnetic particles, and which have not less than 0.50 of a molecular-weight-dependent parameter .alpha. represented by the following formula (I):As=K.sub.1 .multidot.M.sup..alpha. (I)wherein M represents a number-average molecular weight of a binder, As represents a saturation adsorption of said binder, and K.sub.1 represents a constant dependent on the binder and a solvent used for measuring As.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are plate-like composite Ba-containing ferrite fine particles for magnetic recording, containing Ni, Co and Ti in the molar ratios defined by 0.02.ltoreq.Ni/Fe.ltoreq.0.10, 0.01.ltoreq.Co/Fe.ltoreq.0.10 and 0.01.ltoreq.Ti/Fe.ltoreq.0.10, but 0.03.ltoreq.(Ni+Co)/Fe.ltoreq.0.14 and Ti/(Ni+Co)<1, and having zinc in the vicinity of the particle surface in the form of solid solution, and a temperature dependence of coercive force of said particles in the range of -0.5 to +2.0 Oe/.degree.C. in the temperature range of -20.degree. to 120.degree. C., and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are plate-like composite ferrite fine particles for magnetic recording comprising plate-like composite ferrite containing Ba fine particles which contain Ti of 2 to 5.0 atomic % based on Fe.sup.3+ and Ni in the range of 1.2.ltoreq.Ni/Ti.ltoreq.4 by molar ratio, which have zinc in the vicinity of the particles surfaces in the form of a solid solution, which have an average particle diameter of 0.01 .mu.m to 0.08 .mu.m, and the coercive force of which scarcely varies with the rise in temperature in the temperature range of -20.degree. C. to 120.degree. C., and a process for producing such plate-like composite ferrite fine particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are plate-like composite ferrite particles for magnetic recording comprising plate-like composite ferrite containing Ba particles having a composition represented by 19<(Fe+M)/Ba.ltoreq.22, wherein M represents at least one metal (II) selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Zn, Mn and Mg and at least one metal (IV) selected from the group consisting of Ti, Sn, Zr and Ge, in which Ba exists in the composition at a linear concentration gradient between the surface and the nucleation portion of said particles, and a process for producing such plate-like composite ferrite particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are plate-like barium ferrite particles with a solid solution of zinc on the surface thereof, which have an average particle diameter of not less than 0.03 .mu.m and less than 0.1 .mu.m, a BET specific surface are of 55 to 80 m.sup.2 /g, a coercive force of 300 to 1,500 Oe and a magnetization of not less than 57 emu/g, preferably not less than 60 emu/g, in magnetic field of 10 KOe, and which are represented by the following formula (I):BaO.n[(Fe.sub.1-x-y Co.sub.x Ti.sub.y).sub.2 O.sub.3-x+y ] (I)wherein x and y are independently from 0.02 to 0.12 and n is from 4 to 11, the atomic ratio of Co to Fe(III) being from 0.02:1 to 0.13:1 and the molar ratio of Ti to Co being from more than 0 to not more than 0.8, and a process for producing the plate-like barium ferrite particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are plate-like barium ferrite particles with a solid solution of zinc on the surface thereof, which have an average particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.3 .mu.m, a coercive force of 300 to 1,500 Oe and a magnetization of not less than 55 emu/g in magnetic field of 10 KOe, and which are represented by the following formula (I):BaO.multidot.n[(Fe.sub.1-2x Co.sub.x Ti.sub.x).sub.2 O.sub.3 ](I)wherein x is 0 to 0.1 and n is from 4 to 11, the molar ratio of Ti to Co being 1, and a process for producing the plate-like barium ferrite particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are plate-like barium ferrite particles for magnetic recording, comprising plate-like particles represented by the formula:BaFe.sub.12-2x M.sub.x Ti.sub.x O.sub.19wherein x is 0 to 1.2 and M represents Co (II) or Co (II) and a divalent metal ion other than Co (II), the surface of the plate-like particles being modified with magnetite represented by the formula:FeO.sub.y.Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3wherein y is over 0 and not more than 1, and a process for producing the same.