Abstract: A chip resistor includes an insulating substrate made of alumina, a pair of electrodes disposed on an upper surface of the insulating substrate, a glass glaze layer made of glass disposed on the upper surface of the insulating substrate, and a resistive element disposed on the upper surface of the glass glaze layer. The resistive element is disposed between the pair of electrodes. The softening point of the glass of the glass glaze layer ranges from 580° C. to 760° C. This chip resistor prevents the resistive element from being peeled off.

Abstract: A chip resistor includes an insulating substrate made of alumina, a pair of electrodes disposed on an upper surface of the insulating substrate, a glass glaze layer made of glass disposed on the upper surface of the insulating substrate, and a resistive element disposed on the upper surface of the glass glaze layer. The resistive element is disposed between the pair of electrodes. The softening point of the glass of the glass glaze layer ranges from 580° C. to 760° C. This chip resistor prevents the resistive element from being peeled off.

Abstract: A common mode noise filter includes a first insulating layer, a first coil conductor on an upper surface of the first insulating layer, a second coil conductor on a lower surface of the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer on the upper surface of the first insulating layer to cover the first coil conductor, a third insulating layer on a lower surface of the second insulating layer to cover the second coil conductor. The first insulating layer contains glass and inorganic filler, and contains pores dispersed therein. The second insulating layer covers the first coil conductor, contains glass and inorganic filler, and contains pores dispersed therein. The third insulating layer covers the second coil conductor, contains glass and inorganic filler, and contains pores dispersed therein. This common mode noise filter has excellent high-frequency characteristics at a high yield rate.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic component includes a ceramic sintered body and an electrode provided on a surface of the ceramic sintered body. The electrode contains Ag. The ceramic sintered body contain glass material made of borosilicate glass. The glass material has closed pores and open pores therein. The closed pores and the open pores have diameters decreasing as being located away from the surface of the ceramic sintered body. This ceramic electronic component can prevent delamination of the electrode from the ceramic sintered body during a process of firing a green sheet.

Abstract: A common mode noise filter includes a first insulating layer, a first coil conductor on an upper surface of the first insulating layer, a second coil conductor on a lower surface of the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer on the upper surface of the first insulating layer to cover the first coil conductor, a third insulating layer on a lower surface of the second insulating layer to cover the second coil conductor. The first insulating layer contains glass and inorganic filler, and contains pores dispersed therein. The second insulating layer covers the first coil conductor, contains glass and inorganic filler, and contains pores dispersed therein. The third insulating layer covers the second coil conductor, contains glass and inorganic filler, and contains pores dispersed therein. This common mode noise filter has excellent high-frequency characteristics at a high yield rate.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic component includes a ceramic sintered body and an electrode provided on a surface of the ceramic sintered body. The electrode contains Ag. The ceramic sintered body contain glass material made of borosilicate glass. The glass material has closed pores and open pores therein. The closed pores and the open pores have diameters decreasing as being located away from the surface of the ceramic sintered body. This ceramic electronic component can prevent delamination of the electrode from the ceramic sintered body during a process of firing a green sheet.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer includes: piezoelectric elements; a pair of clamping members which clamp said piezoelectric elements; and a cover member which is crimped to at least one of said pair of clamping members in a state where said cover member cooperates with said pair of clamping members to surround said piezoelectric elements.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer includes: piezoelectric elements; a pair of clamping members which clamp said piezoelectric elements; and a cover member which is crimped to at least one of said pair of clamping members in a state where said cover member cooperates with said pair of clamping members to surround said piezoelectric elements.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid ester derivatives represented by the general formula (4) or (5) are produced by reacting an amino alcohol derivative represented by the general formula (1) or (2) with an organic sulfonyl halide represented by the general formula (3), in a mixed solvent composed of an aprotic organic solvent and water in the presence of a non-water-prohibiting inorganic base. This procedure can be carried out in a simple, easy, safe and economical manner while reducing the load on the environment. Wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 5, A represents a phenyl group, which may be substituted, R represents a methanesulfonyl, ethanesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfonyl or p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group and X represents a chloride, bromine or iodine atom.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid ester derivatives represented by the general formula (4) or (5) are produced by reacting an amino alcohol derivative represented by the general formula (1) or (2) with an organic sulfonyl halide represented by the general formula (3), in a mixed solvent composed of an aprotic organic solvent and water in the presence of a non-water-prohibiting inorganic base. This procedure can be carried out in a simple, easy, safe and economical manner while reducing the load on the environment. Wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 5, A represents a phenyl group, which may be substituted, R represents a methanesulfonyl, ethanesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfonyl or p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group and X represents a chloride, bromine or iodine atom.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid ester derivatives represented by the general formula (4) or (5) are produced by reacting an amino alcohol derivative represented by the general formula (1) or (2) with an organic sulfonyl halide represented by the general formula (3), in a mixed solvent composed of an aprotic organic solvent and water in the presence of a non-water-prohibiting inorganic base. This procedure can be carried out in a simple, easy, safe and economical manner while reducing the load on the environment. Wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 5, A represents a phenyl group, which may be substituted, R represents a methanesulfonyl, ethanesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfonyl or p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group and X represents a chloride, bromine or iodine atom.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid ester derivatives represented by the general formula (4) or (5) are produced by reacting an amino alcohol derivative represented by the general formula (1) or (2) with an organic sulfonyl halide represented by the general formula (3), in a mixed solvent composed of an aprotic organic solvent and water in the presence of a non-water-prohibiting inorganic base. This procedure can be carried out in a simple, easy, safe and economical manner while reducing the load on the environment.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid ester derivatives represented by the general formula (4) or (5) are produced by reacting an amino alcohol derivative represented by the general formula (1) or (2) with an organic sulfonyl halide represented by the general formula (3), in a mixed solvent composed of an aprotic organic solvent and water in the presence of a non-water-prohibiting inorganic base. This procedure can be carried out in a simple, easy, safe and economical manner while reducing the load on the environment.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid ester derivatives represented by the general formula (4) or (5) are produced by reacting an amino alcohol derivative represented by the general formula (1) or (2) with an organic sulfonyl halide represented by the general formula (3), in a mixed solvent composed of an aprotic organic solvent and water in the presence of a non-water-prohibiting inorganic base. This procedure can be carried out in a simple, easy, safe and economical manner while reducing the load on the environment.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for producing an pyrrolidine derivative of general formula (2) or a salt thereof in a simple and economical manner and with good productivity and high yields.The present invention consists in a process for producing a pyrrolidine derivative of the general formula (2) or a salt thereof which comprises subjecting a compound of the general formula (1) to hydrogenolysis using a metal catalyst in the presence of at least one protic acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, n-butyric acid, trifluoroacetic acid and oxalic acid. ##STR1## R represents a 1-cyano-1,1-diphenylmethyl, 1-carbamoyl-1,1-diphenylmethyl, n-butyryloxy, methanesulfonyloxy or p-toluenesulfonyloxy group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing 1,2-epoxy-3-amino-4-phenylbutane derivatives which comprises treating a 1-halo-2-hydroxy-3-amino-4-phenylbutane derivative with a base in an aprotic polar organic solvent or a mixed solvent composed of an aprotic polar organic solvent and water and then causing the resulting epoxide to crystallize out from a mixed solvent composed of an aprotic polar organic solvent and water.

Abstract: Processes for efficiently producing .alpha.-halo ketones, .alpha.-halohydrins and epoxides on an industrial scale. The prosesses include one for producing an .alpha.-halo ketone of general formula (3) by decarboxylating a product of reaction between a carboxilic acid derivative of general formula (1) and a metal enolate prepared from an .alpha.-haloacetic acid of general formula (2) or an acceptable salt thereof, one for producing an by reducing the .alpha.-halo ketone (3), and one for producing an epoxide (13) by treating the .alpha.-halohydrin (11) with a base to effect ring closure. The above prosesses are particularly suitable for producing optically active .alpha.-halo ketones, .alpha.-halohydrins and epoxides from the corresponding .alpha.-amino acid derivatives.

Abstract: Powders of BaCO.sub.3, TiO.sub.2, ZnO, etc. are mixed to each other at a predetermined ratio of quantity, calcined in an atmospheric air at 90.degree.-120.degree. C., and pulverized to obtain a calcined powder having an average grain size from 1 to 3 .mu. m. 0.1 to 20 parts-by weight of a powder having an average grain size from 0.1 to 1.5 .mu.m comprising a glass having a transition point of not higher than 450.degree. C. obtained by mixing powders of Pb.sub.3 O.sub.4, SiO.sub.2, Na.sub.2 O, etc. to each other, melting and then pouring into water and pulverizing the thus obtained glass is admixed to the calcined powder. The mixture is dried, pelleted by adding a resin and the pellet powder is molded into a cylindrical shape, applied with CIP (Cold isotactic press), and the molding product after the treatment is sintered in an atmospheric air at 850.degree. to 1000.degree. C. to obtain a dielectric ceramic sintered at low temperature.

Abstract: Powders of BaCO3, TiO2, ZnO, etc. are mixed to each other at a predetermined ratio of quantity, calcined in an atmospheric air at &pgr;°-120° C., and pulverized to obtain a calcined powder having an average grain size from 1 to 3 &mgr; m, 0.1 to 20 parts-by weight of a powder having an average grain size from 0.1 to 1.5 &mgr;m comprising a glass having a transition point of not higher than 450° C. obtained by mixing powders of Pb3O4, SiO2, Na2O, etc. to each other, melting and then pouring into water and pulverizing the thus obtained glass is admixed to the calcined powder. The mixture is dried, pelleted by adding a resin and the pellet powder is molded into a cylindrical shape, applied with CIP (Cold isotartic press), and the molding product after the treatment is sintered in an atmospheric air at 850° to 1000° C. to obtain a dielectric ceramic sintered at low temperature.