Abstract: A retardation film containing (a) at least one cellulose derivative selected from the group consisting of methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate phthalate, cellulose acetate trimellitate and cellulose nitrate, wherein the cellulose derivative has a total acyl group substitution degree of 2.0 to 2.8; and (b) an esterified compound in which all or a part of the OH groups in a compound (A) or in a compound (B) are esterified by at least one aromatic monocarbolyxic acid, wherein the compound (A) comprises one of a furanose structure and a pyranose structure, and the compound (B) comprises two to twelve of at least one of a furanose structure and a pyranose structure, which are bonded in the compound (B).

Abstract: A retardation film containing (a) at least one cellulose derivative selected from the group consisting of methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate phthalate, cellulose acetate trimellitate and cellulose nitrate, wherein the cellulose derivative has a total acyl group substitution degree of 2.0 to 2.8; and (b) an esterified compound in which all or a part of the OH groups in a compound (A) or in a compound (B) are esterified by at least one aromatic monocarbolyxic acid, wherein the compound (A) comprises one of a furanose structure and a pyranose structure, and the compound (B) comprises two to twelve of at least one of a furanose structure and a pyranose structure, which are bonded in the compound (B).

Abstract: A cellulosic resin film which is wide and, despite this, is extremely reduced in breakage during a stretching step; a process for producing the film; and an antireflection film, a polarizer, and a liquid-crystal display each comprising or employing the film. The process for cellulosic resin film production comprises casting a liquid cellulosic resin on a support to form a web, peeling the web from the support, subsequently drying the web in a first edge gripping step (105) while gripping both edges, temporarily eliminating the edge gripping, and then stretching both edges in the width direction in a second edge gripping step (109). The process is characterized in that the first edge gripping step is followed by a heat treatment step in which both edge parts of the web relieved from the edge gripping are heated with heating rolls (107 and 108).

Abstract: A retardation film, contains: a cellulose derivative; and an esterified compound in which all or a part of OH groups in a compounds (A) containing one of a furanose structure and a pyranose structure or in a compound (B) in which 2 to 12 of at lease of a furanose structure and a pyranose structure are bonded, are esterified.

Abstract: A polarizing plate protective film comprising a cellulose ester, and a saccharide ester compound in which all or a part of OH groups in Compound (A) or in Compound (B) are esterified, wherein Compound (A) consists of one of a furanose structure and a pyranose structure, and Compound (B) consists of two to twelve of at least one type of a furanose structure and a pyranose structure which are bonded in Compound (B); wherein the polarizing plate protective film exhibits Ro of 0-10 nm and Rt of ?30 to +20 nm.

Abstract: The method to produce the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display employs treating an optical film comprising of cellulous ester with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to prepare an alkali-treated optical film; immersing a polyvinyl alcohol film in an aqueous solution containing iodine and boric acid; stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film to prepare a polarizing film; adhering the alkali-treated optical film onto both surfaces of the polarizing film to prepare a polarizing plate; and providing the polarizing plate on both surfaces of a vertical alignment type liquid crystal cell to providing the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display. At least one of the optical film has a retardation value (Rt value) in the thickness direction of from 60 to 300 nm, Rt=[(nx+ny)/2?nz]×d.

Abstract: The method to produce the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display employs treating an optical film comprising of cellulous ester with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to prepare an alkali-treated optical film; immersing a polyvinyl alcohol film in an aqueous solution containing iodine and boric acid; stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film to prepare a polarizing film; adhering the alkali-treated optical film onto both surfaces of the polarizing film to prepare a polarizing plate; and providing the polarizing plate on both surfaces of a vertical alignment type liquid crystal cell to providing the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display. At least one of the optical film has a retardation value (Rt value) in the thickness direction of from 60 to 300 nm, Rt=[(nx+ny)/2?nz]×d.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optically anisotropic film used for a liquid crystal display of a vertical alignment liquid crystal mode comprising a fatty acid cellulose aster film, a retardation value (Rt value) in the thickness direction of the fatty acid cellulose ester film is from 60 to 300 nm, and the number of luminescent points having a size exceeding 50 ?m is zero per 250 mm2, and the number of luminescent points having a size of 5 to 50 ?m is 200 or less per 250 mm2 when the fatty acid cellulose ester film is observed with two polarizing plates being provided on both surfaces of the fatty acid cellulose ester film so as to shield transmission light.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a cellulose ester film satisfying the relationships, Nx>Ny>Nz, and 0.8?Rt/R0?3.5, the method comprising casting a cellulose ester dope containing a solvent of a good solvent and a poor solvent on a support to form a web; peeling the web from the support; transporting the peeled web (step D0); holding the edges in the transverse direction of the web (step A); stretching the resulting web in the transverse direction while applying a tension; reducing the tension in the transverse direction of the web; and drying the stretched web, wherein the residual solvent content of the web is 5 to 90% by weight at the beginning in the step A, and the residual poor solvent content in the residual solvent content of the web is from 15 to 95% by weight at the terminal point in the Step D0.

Abstract: A cellulose ester film comprising a compound represented by Formula (1): Formula (1) B-(G-A)n-G-B, wherein B represents a benzene monocarboxylic acid residue; G represents an alkylene glycol residue having 2-12 carbon atoms, an aryl glycol residue having 6-12 carbon atoms, or an oxyalkylene glycol residue having 4-12 carbon atoms; A represents an alkylene dicarboxylic acid residue having 4-12 carbon atoms or an aryldicarboxylic acid residue having 6-12 carbon atoms; and n represents an integer of 1 or more.

Abstract: A retardation film manufactured as a long roll film having a slow axis in a lateral direction of the long roll film, wherein an elastic modulus in an in-plane slow axis direction ?s and an elastic modulus in an in-plane fast axis direction ?f meet Condition (1), the in-plane fast axis direction being perpendicular to the in-plane slow axis direction: 1.26??s/?f?2.60??Condition (1).

Abstract: A polarizing plate used in a vertical alignment mode liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal cell is disclosed, wherein the polarizing plate comprises a polarizing film and a mixed fatty acid cellulose ester film with optical biaxiality provided between the polarizing film and the liquid crystal cell, and wherein the mixed fatty acid cellulose ester film has a retardation in plane R0 of from 31 to 120 nm, and a retardation in the thickness direction Rt of from 60 to 300 nm, in which R0 is represented by the following formula (1) and Rt is represented by the following formula (2): R0=(nx?ny)×d??formula (1) Rt={(nx+ny)/2?nz}×d.

Abstract: A polarization plate comprising a polarizer and polarizing plate protective films A and B provided on both surfaces of the polarizer, wherein (i) a thickness of each of the polarizing plate protective films A and B is 30 to 60 ?m; (ii) in-plate retardation value Ro of the polarizing plate protective film B is 20 to 100 nm; (iii) retardation value Rt in the thickness direction of the polarizing plate protective film B is 10 to 300 nm; (iv) a thickness of the polarizing plate is 80 to 160 ?m; (v) a stiffness of the polarizing plate of the polarizing plate under a condition of 23° C. and 55% RH is 20 to 80 g.

Abstract: A polarizing plate comprises a polarizing element; and a hydrophilic polymer film adhered on the polarizing element and having an in-plane orientation. The transmittance of the polarizing plate as a single unit for light having a wavelength of 590 nm is 40% or more under an environment of 23° C. and 55% RH, the crossed-Nichols transmittance T2 of the polarizing plate is 0.03% or less under an environment of 23° C. and 55% RH, and a change ?T2 in the transmittance T2 of the polarizing plate when the relative humidity changes from 20% RH to 80% RH at 23° C. satisfies the following formula: 0.05×T2<?T2<0.9×T2.

Abstract: A retardation film which contains a cellulose derivative and a plasticizer wherein the thickness of the film is 10 to 50 ?m, Ro in Equation (i) is in the range of 30 to 100 nm, Rt in Equation (ii) is in the range of 100 to 300 nm, and S in Equation (iii) is 0.0002 or more but not exceeding 0.030. Ro=(nx?ny)×d??Equation (i) Rt=S×d??Equation (ii) S=((nx+ny)/2?nz)??Equation (iii) (where “nx” is a maximum refraction index of the film surface, “ny” is a refraction index in the direction perpendicular to “nx,” “nz” is a refraction index along the thickness of the film, and “d” is the thickness of the film.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optically anisotropic film used for a liquid crystal display of a vertical alignment liquid crystal mode comprising a fatty acid cellulose aster film, a retardation value (Rt value) in the thickness direction of the fatty acid cellulose ester film is from 60 to 300 nm, and the number of luminescent points having a size exceeding 50 ?m is zero per 250 mm2, and the number of luminescent points having a size of 5 to 50 ?m is 200 or less per 250 mm2 when the fatty acid cellulose ester film is observed with two polarizing plates being provided on both surfaces of the fatty acid cellulose ester film so as to shield transmission light.

Abstract: A film bonded to a polarizer of a polarizing plate, has a surface A and a surface B opposite to the surface A; and a thickness of 10 ?m to 70 ?m; wherein a refractive index difference between the surface A and the surface B is 5×10?4 to 5×10?3.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic film is disclosed. The film comprises a fatty acid cellulose ester film support having an acetyl group and a propionyl group, and a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal compound, or a resin layer containing polyimide, polyamidoimide, polyamide, polyether imide, polyether ether ketone, polyether ketone, polyketone sulfide, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyallylate, acrylic resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, cellulose based plastics, epoxy resin, or phenol resin.

Abstract: A cellulosic resin film which is wide and, despite this, is extremely reduced in breakage during a stretching step; a process for producing the film; and an antireflection film, a polarizer, and a liquid-crystal display each comprising or employing the film. The process for cellulosic resin film production comprises casting a liquid cellulosic resin on a support to form a web, peeling the web from the support, subsequently drying the web in a first edge gripping step (105) while gripping both edges, temporarily eliminating the edge gripping, and then stretching both edges in the width direction in a second edge gripping step (109). The process is characterized in that the first edge gripping step is followed by a heat treatment step in which both edge parts of the web relieved from the edge gripping are heated with heating rolls (107 and 108).

Abstract: An optical compensation film wherein: (i) molecules of a liquid crystalline compound are oriented in a manner that an average tilt angle of the compounds is not more than 4 degrees; (ii) the orientation is fixed; (iii) Ro(?) values are: at wavelength 589 nm: 40-130 nm; at 600 nm: 35-125 nm; and at 630 nm: 35-120 nm; (iv) Rt(?) valuea are 120-400 nm in ? range of 500-630 cm; and (v) Values of Ro(589), Ro(600) and Ro(630) satisfy the following formulae: 1.0<B<7.0 B=(Ro(589)?Ro(630))/(Ro(600)?Ro(630)).