Abstract: An electrostatic reproducing apparatus, in which the ion flow passing through an ion modulating electrode and reaching a reproducing member is increased by strengthening the electric field between the electrode of the ion modulating electrode and the reproducing member. Ion transmissive apertures formed in the ion modulating electrode is made to have a larger diameter at its ion outlet than at its ion inlet so that the ion transmission factor may be improved. Condenser electric field generating means such as an electrode for generating an electric field to converge the ion flow toward the ion transmissive aperture of the ion modulating electrode is mounted on the common electrode of the ion modulating electrode at its inlet so that the ion flow of the ion generator using the corona wire may be highly dense.

Abstract: A novel photosensitive composition including a photoconductive cadmium sulfide-group compound and a water-soluble prepolymer capable of forming a network structure by cross-linking, the composition being applied as a photosensitive layer of a photosensitive article for electrophotography having a conductive substrate.

Abstract: A method for image reproduction using an ion modulation electrode adapted to form images on a charge receptor. The ion modulation electrode is divided into a plurality of groups, and digital or analog image signals are held in element corresponding to the group and are formed parallel signals, and the parallel signals are applied to respective groups. The ion modulation electrode includes a continuous layer of conductive material, a segmented layer of conductive material and an insulating layer interposed therebetween. An image reproducing apparatus which includes an ion generator, an ion modulation electrode dividing electrically into a plurality of groups and modulating ion flow generated the ion generator, and a charge receptor receiving modulated ion flow. To the groups are applied image signals which are held in element corresponding to group and are formed parallel signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transferring and fixing toner image wherein a toner image is transferred and fixed onto a transfer material from a toner image retainer through an intermediate transfer member. The toner image on the intermediate transfer member is heated at a temperature lower than the toner fusion temperature, and the transfer material is heated to the toner fusion temperature or over. A pressing unit to press the transfer material onto the intermediate transfer member is heated at the toner fusion temperature or over.

Abstract: An ion modulating electrode to form an electrostatic image on the image recording member by modulating the ion flow includes a multi-layer structure consisting of a first conductive layer and a first dielectric layer, a second conductive layer, and a second dielectric layer and a third conductive layer, stacked together in that order to form a multi-layer structure, through-apertures formed in this multi-layer structure, and a dielectric or semiconductive thin film coated on the first conductive layer or third conductive layer. A high-frequency voltage is applied between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer to produce ions in these apertures. A voltage is applied to the third conductive layer for enhancing the passage through the apertures of ions generated in these apertures by high frequency voltage. The thin film covers a part of the inside of the apertures.

Abstract: An image reproducing apparatus includes an ion modulating electrode and a device for imparting oscillation thereto. The ion modulating electrode is formed of a continuous layer of conductive material, a segmented layer of conductive material, an insulating layer interposed between the continuous and segmented layers, and at least a row of apertures for modulating ion flow generated by a charge generator. At least one embodiment of the device for imparting oscillation includes a rotor or cam rotatable to apply oscillation to a receiving plate. In another embodiment, the oscillation imparting device is formed of a permanent magnet, a coil placed in the magnetic field generated by the magnet, an oscillator for applying an alternating current to the coil and an oscillation element connected to the coil.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer body for a transfer type recording apparatus which comprises a substrate consisting of a thermoplastic resin layer and a thermosetting resin layer, wherein said body further comprises an intermediate transfer layer can be added to the intermediate transfer body. The intermediate transfer body consists of an elastic material, such as a fluoro-carbon rubber or a silicone rubber.

Abstract: An improved method of producing a thin-walled endless belt by centrifugal molding, which comprises introducing a liquid curable silicone rubber dissolved in a solvent into a rotating cylindrical mold, hardening said liquid curable silicone rubber to form a mold surface on the inner surface of said cylindrical mold, and thereafter introducing a thermosetting resin dissolved in a volatile solvent onto said mold surface to form the endless belt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of fixing a toner image onto a paper bearing said image with the use of a particular toner containing a colorant and a resin wherein the resin contains at least one particular type of polymer which has a Mw/Mn ratio of about 3.5 to 40 wherein the Mn value is between about 2,000 and 30,000.

Abstract: A charge carrier member comprising an intermediate layer composed of a heat-resistant resin containing electrically conductive material, a charge carrier layer composed of a heat-resistant resin, and a support member. The support member is an electrically conductive support member or consists of an electrically conductive member which is provided on an insulating member. A method of forming a copy image which comprises a step for forming an electrostatic latent image on the charge carrier member, a step for converting the electrostatic latent image into a toner image using a developing agent, and a step for transferring the toner image onto a transfer medium.

Abstract: A recording apparatus having a roller type fixing device made up of a first roller and a second roller for fixing the image to the transfer paper. The recording apparatus has an upper guide plate placed over the transfer paper passage on the inlet side of the roller type fixing device, the upper guide plate being curved down gradually toward the front end and extending near the lower portion of the first roller. The upper guide plate has on its underside a plurality of projecting strips extending in the direction of the paper feed.

Abstract: A photoconductive material of a fine crystal of a cadmium sulfide-type photoconductive compound, on the surface of the crystal a film-forming compound having a dehydrating function such as an isocyanate compound is deposited. The photoconductive material is employed for forming an electrophotographic material or a photo-cell.

Abstract: An electrophotography photosensitive plate having an interfacelayer between a substrate and a photosensitive layer. Said interfacelayer comprises the mono- or co-polymer of the unit components represented by the general formula: ##STR1## In said formula R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; A is ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each are lower alkyl, phenyl or benzyl groups, and further R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be taken together to form a ring, or ##STR3## wherein B is a nonmetallic atom selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur atoms, necessary to form a 5-6 membered heterocycle nucleus with the --N.sup.+ .dbd.C--; X.sup.- is an anion; and Y is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group.

Abstract: A temperature detecting device for image fixing means is used in an electrostatic recording apparatus, in which a temperature sensor element is supported on a mounting member through a slender conductive element at a small distance from the surface of and in the direction of length of the fixing means to be detected, so as to detect the temperature thereof with accuracy.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a temperature comprising a temperature measuring element. Said temperature measuring element is arranged closely to a surface of an article whose temperature is to be measured, an electric property of said temperature measuring element being varied corresponding to a temperature variation, and lead wires of said temperature measuring element are arranged so as to stretch closely to and along by the surface of said article.

Abstract: A roller type fixing apparatus for an electrophotographic copying machine comprising a fixing roller, a pressing roller disposed to confront and have contact with said fixing roller and a mechanism for rotating said fixing roller and press roller. At least one of said fixing roller and press roller has a peripheral surface layer portion composed of a resinous material and a low electric resistance powder incorporated therein and said peripheral surface layer portion is electrically grounded.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive material comprising a substrate, a photoconductive photosensitive layer, and an intermediate layer interposed between the substrate and the photosensitive layer, said intermediate layer containing a compound which has at least one of hydroxyl and amino groups together with a quaternary ammonium group. The substrate includes a metallic support body and a conductive protection layer applied to form a surface layer on said metallic support body and made of a resin dispersed with carbon particles.

Abstract: A process for preparation of photoconductive powders of a cadmium sulfide type material comprising firing cadmium sulfide type material in an oxygen-containing atmosphere in the presence of a dispersant at a temperature at which the substance to be fired does not melt. The fired substance is water washed in order to remove the dispersant therefrom, if it is water soluble.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic latent images which comprises a colorant, a styrene type resin containing a styrene component in an amount of more than 25% by weight based on the sum of a resin component of the toner and an alkylene-bis fatty acid amide represented by the following general formula: ##EQU1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand for saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon residues having at least 10 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are a hydrocarbon atom or a group --COR.sub.5 in which R.sub.5 is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue, and n is a positive integer.