Abstract: Provided is a charge-reversible and ethanol-soluble phospholipid suitable for the preparation of lipid particles. A phospholipid represented by formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and each represent a chain hydrocarbon group, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, and m represents an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: The temperature sensitive pellet type thermal fuse includes a cylindrical case which has a first end and a second end, a temperature sensitive pellet, an insulating tube, a first lead which is inserted into the insulating tube and has an inner end serving as a contact portion, a movable contact which is electrically connected to the cylindrical case, a weak compression spring, a strong compression spring, and a second lead which is disposed on the second end of the cylindrical case. The movable contact includes a projecting contact portion which is provided at a central part of the movable contact, and the projecting contact portion and the contact portion of the first lead are in contact with each other inside the insulating tube.

Abstract: An object is to provide a lipid particle that is not positively charged at a pH of the body fluid (typically in the neutral range), and that enables efficient onset of the effect of a medicinal substance encapsulated in the lipid particle; and to provide a lipid for forming the lipid particle. The object is achieved by the phospholipid represented by formula (1), and a lipid particle containing the phospholipid: wherein R1 and R2 are identical or different, and represent a chain hydrocarbon group, m represents 1 or 2, n represents 1 or 2, and p represents an integer of 1 to 4.

Abstract: The temperature sensitive pellet type thermal fuse includes a cylindrical case which has a first end and a second end, a temperature sensitive pellet, an insulating tube, a first lead which is inserted into the insulating tube and has an inner end serving as a contact portion, a movable contact which is electrically connected to the cylindrical case, a weak compression spring, a strong compression spring, and a second lead which is disposed on the second end of the cylindrical case. The movable contact includes a projecting contact portion which is provided at a central part of the movable contact, and the projecting contact portion and the contact portion of the first lead are in contact with each other inside the insulating tube.

Abstract: An object is to provide a lipid particle that is not positively charged at a pH of the body fluid (typically in the neutral range), and that enables efficient onset of the effect of a medicinal substance encapsulated in the lipid particle; and to provide a lipid for forming the lipid particle. The object is achieved by the phospholipid represented by formula (1), and a lipid particle containing the phospholipid: wherein R1 and R2 are identical or different, and represent a chain hydrocarbon group, m represents 1 or 2, n represents 1 or 2, and p represents an integer of 1 to 4.

Abstract: A fuse element (10) for a protection device has a base member (11) and a covering member (12) coating at least part of a surface of the base member (11), and is heated to a predetermined heating temperature to be bonded to the protection device. The base member (11) is made of a first fusible metal having a melting point higher than the heating temperature. The covering member (12) is made of a second fusible metal having a melting point lower than the heating temperature.

Abstract: The radio communication apparatus includes two or more antennas, a receiving unit for receiving a notice signal from a communication partner, two or more units for changing the number of data sequences and for coupling to the antennas according to two or more transmitting methods out of a MIMO multiplexing method, a MIMO diversity method, and an adaptive array antenna method, a selecting unit for selecting at least one out of the two or more units based on the notice signal, and a transmitting unit for notifying the communication partner of the transmission method corresponding to the selected unit.

Abstract: A radio communication system having a radio transmitter and a radio receiver and adopting multiple carrier modulation and code spreading modulation methods is disclosed. The radio communication system comprises a selecting unit provided in the radio transmitter or the radio receiver, for selecting an interleaving mode out of plural interleaving modes depending on radio propagation path conditions; a symbol configuration unit provided in the radio transmitter; and a symbol reconfiguration unit provided in the radio receiver. The symbol configuration unit configures information symbols to be transmitted by the radio transmitter in both time and frequency directions in a pattern according to the interleaving mode selected by the selecting unit, and the symbol reconfiguration unit reconfigures information symbols received by the radio receiver in both time and frequency directions in an inverse pattern of the pattern.

Abstract: A signal reception device is disclosed that is capable of detecting symbol synchronization timing with high precision in accordance with a condition of a propagation path even in an environment involving multi-path interference. The signal reception device adopts an OFCDM transmission scheme or a multi-carrier transmission scheme. The signal reception device includes a received signal information calculation unit to calculate received signal information representing a signal reception condition of a received signal; an output combination unit to combine correlation values in a predetermined section obtained by correlation detection based on the received signal information; and a symbol timing detection unit to detect a symbol synchronization timing based on the combined value.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus including: a layer multiplexing unit configured to assign, to a radio resource which is divided based on a time, a frequency and a layer, a bit sequence which constitutes at least one information source to be transmitted, in accordance with a communication state and a priority level of the information source; and a layer coding unit configured to perform a layer coding processing for the bit sequence assigned to the radio resource. The layer multiplexing unit performs the assignment so that a length of each bit sequence assigned to each radio resource becomes equivalent.

Abstract: A noise power estimation apparatus is disclosed. The noise power estimation apparatus includes: a part for calculating correlation between a received signal and a pilot signal so as to obtain a received power of the pilot signal for each path; a part for removing a multipath interference component from the received power of the pilot signal by using a predetermined power ratio between the pilot signal and a data signal so as to obtain a corrected received power of the pilot signal; a part for estimating an estimated total power of the pilot signal and the data signal included in the received signal based on the corrected received power and the predetermined power ratio; and a part for subtracting the estimated total power from a total power of the received signal so as to obtain a noise power.

Abstract: A corrected channel estimating apparatus is disclosed, which is capable of removing side-lobe components mutually leaking into transmission paths from channel estimates to increase the accuracy. A channel estimation unit calculates channel estimates for a plurality of transmission paths due to a signal that arrives through multipath. A channel estimate correction unit removes side-lobe components mutually leaking into the transmission paths from the channel estimates calculated by the channel estimation unit to correct the channel estimates. In this way, the corrected channel estimating apparatus estimates transmission paths of a multipath.

Abstract: A receiving apparatus, a receiving method, and a radio communications system are disclosed. The receiving apparatus is for receiving CDMA signals transmitted by M antennas and received by N antennas, where M and N are positive integers. The receiving apparatus includes a multipath receiving signal demodulating unit for primary demodulation of the CDMA signals received by the receiving antennas to obtain estimated transmission signals, and for obtaining signals in a multipath environment of each path of the receiving antennas based on the estimated results. Further, the receiving apparatus includes a multipath interference canceling unit for deducting signals of the paths other than a target path from the signals received by the receiving antennas to obtain multipath interference cancelled signals. Further, the receiving apparatus includes a demodulator for secondary demodulation of the multipath interference cancelled signals.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to achieve reduction of interference between cells and improvement of maximum throughput so as to improve spectrum efficiency.

Abstract: Provided are a lamp and a heating device which are capable of effectively preventing a seal portion from being overheated with a simple structure. A lamp includes: a tube portion in which a filament including a coil portion is contained; a seal portion filled with a metal foil connected to an end of the filament; and an overheat preventing portion covering a part of an outer surface of the tube portion.

Abstract: A disclosed receiver in a MIMO multiplexing communication system, in which plural signals are simultaneously transmitted from plural transmitting antenna branches using the same frequency, and the transmitted signals are retrieved by receiving signals at plural receiving antennas, separating the received signals and searching for proper symbol metrics for each branch, comprises a QR decomposer for QR decomposing the received signals to orthogonalize the transmitted signals; a symbol replica candidate ranking unit for subtracting surviving symbol replica candidates from the QR decomposed received signals to get remaining received signals and rank the remaining signals in the increasing order of expected branch metrics of the remaining received signals; a symbol replica candidate selector for selecting symbol replica candidates in the ranked order; a branch metric calculator for calculating the branch metrics of the selected symbol replica candidates; and a threshold comparator for comparing the calculated bran

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a transmitter for multi-carrier transmission for allocating pilot channels to radio frames, in consideration of interference with other pilot channels. The present invention relates to the transmitter for multi-carrier transmission configured to transmit a plurality of sub-carriers having at least one pilot symbol duration. The transmitter according to the present invention comprises a pilot symbol allocater configured to allocate a plurality of pilot symbol patterns which are orthogonal to each other, to the at least one pilot symbol durations in at least two sub-carriers.

Abstract: A signal detection apparatus improving signal detection accuracy in a receiver for communications system complying with the MIMO scheme. The signal detection apparatus detects transmission signals sent from transmission antennas based on received signals received by receiving antennas. The apparatus includes: a first determination mechanism for determining symbol candidates of the transmission signals in sequence based on the QRM-MLD method using the received signals arranged in first order; a second determination mechanism for determining symbol candidates of the transmission signals in sequence based on the QRM-MLD method using the received signals arranged in second order that is different from the first order; and an output mechanism for outputting symbol candidates and likelihood of the transmission signals based on determination results of at least the first and the second determination mechanisms.

Abstract: A radio transmitter-receiver wherein a pilot symbol is used in the transmitter that has undergone M-chip spreading on the frequency axis and N-chip spreading on the time axis by a spreading code of M×N chip length (where M and N are any integers equal to or greater than 2), and in the receiver, a spreading code that is not used in spreading said pilot signal is used as a despreading code to despread a received signal and then estimate noise and interference power. The spreading code that is used to spread the pilot symbol and the despreading code that is used in despreading are assigned so as to be orthogonal even if only in N chips on the time axis.

Abstract: A MIMO multiple transmission device, comprising a packet data block generator (111) for generating a packet data block as a resent unit for hybrid ARQ; a CRC adder (112) for adding an error detection code; a channel encoder (113) for performing channel encoding, the packet data block generator, the CRC adder and the channel encoder being coupled in series in one or more data streams; a parallel-to-serial converter (114) for converting output of the channel encoder to serial form; an interleaver between transmission streams (115) for performing interleaving between transmission streams on outputs from the parallel-to-serial converter; a serial-to-parallel converter (116) for converting outputs from the interleaver between transmission streams to parallel form; a coding rate changer (117) for changing a coding rate; and a data modulator (119) for modulating data, the coding rate changer and the data modulator being connected in series in plural data streams divided by the serial-to-parallel converter.