Abstract: A gas fired low emission air heater for a cup making machine having a combustion chamber and a venturi block mounted on the inlet end of the combustion chamber and having a tapered venturi passage in the venturi block. An air inlet nozzle is aligned with the venturi passage and an annular gas ring formed around the nozzle for directing gas into the venturi passage. A discharge nozzle is mounted on the outer end of the combustion chamber and a metal matt assembly mounted in the combustion chamber. The metal matt assembly including one or more perforated mixing plates and a metal matt aligned with the mixing plates. A spark plug is mounted in the combustion chamber for igniting the gas/air mixture prior to discharge of the heated air into the cup making machine.

Abstract: A heater for heating gases such as turbine exhaust gases to facilitate the extraction of the heat energy carried by such gases or flue gases to reduce their corrosiveness. The heater is defined by burners installed on walls of the duct through which the gases flow. The burner can be operated with heavy fuel oil and normally uses no more primary air than is necessary to ignite the fuel oil atomized by the burner and sustain a flame. The flame is relatively long and narrow and is directed transversely to the gas flow into the duct. Upstream of the burner is a shield to protect the flame from the gas flow. The shield communicates with a register which collects an amount of gas sufficient to provide the balance of the combustion oxygen to fully combust all fuel. From the register the gas flows along inclined passages to the side of the shield facing the flame, the passages directing the gas in the direction of the flame and at an oblique angle in regard thereto.

Abstract: A heater for heating gases such as turbine exhaust gases to facilitate the extraction of the heat energy carried by such gases or flue gases to reduce their corrosiveness. The heater is defined by burners installed on walls of the duct through which the gases flow. The burner can be operated with heavy fuel oil and normally uses no more primary air than is necessary to ignite the fuel oil atomized by the burner and sustain a flame. The flame is relatively long and narrow and is directed transversely to the gas flow into the duct. Upstream of the burner is a shield to protect the flame from the gas flow. The shield communicates with a register which collects an amount of gas sufficient to provide the balance of the combustion oxygen to fully combust all fuel. From the register the gas flows along inclined passages to the side of the shield facing the flame, the passages directing the gas in the direction of the flame and at an oblique angle in regard thereto.

Abstract: A high efficiency liquid fuel atomizing nozzle for use in conjunction with industrial furnaces is described which employs a pressurized gas such as steam for supplying the atomizing energy. The nozzle typically has a plurality of discharge ports and defines, on its interior, a pressurized fuel compartment and a pressurized steam chamber. A core stream of steam is flowed from the steam chamber along an axis obliquely inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle to each port. Liquid fuel from the fuel compartment is flowed towards each core stream and divided substantially equally into a number of fuel branch flows which equals the number of core streams. Each branch flow is then brought generally tangentially into contact with the associated core stream so as to form a substantially homogenous, annular fuel stream which surrounds the core stream.

Abstract: A heater for heating gases such as turbine exhaust gases to facilitate the extraction of the heat energy carried by such gases or flue gases to reduce their corrosiveness. The heater is defined by burners installed on walls of the duct through which the gases flow. The burner can be operated with heavy fuel oil and uses no more primary air than is necessary to ignite the fuel oil atomized by the burner and sustain a flame. The flame is relatively long and narrow and is directed transversely to the gas flow into the duct. Upstream of the burner is a shield to protect the flame from the gas flow. The shield communicates with a register which collects an amount of gas sufficient to provide the balance of the combustion oxygen to fully combust all fuel. From the register the gas flows along inclined passages to the side of the shield facing the flame, the passages directing the gas in the direction of the flame and at an oblique angle in regard thereto.

Abstract: A low pressure burner capable of generating a relatively long narrow flame is disclosed. A rotationally symmetric chamber is open at each end. Air is forced through the chamber at low pressure, generally no greater than about 0.3 lbs. per square inch above ambient. An atomizer is located in the chamber and expels a combustible mixture out through the downstream end of the chamber. The mixture expelled by the atomizer of the present invention has a distribution which is not rotationally symmetric about the chamber axis. The atomizer utilizes low pressure air provided at no greater than about 4.5 lbs. per square inch above ambient. A flame throat is located at the downstream end of the chamber, and includes at least two axially spaced steps to induce and control eddy formation in the mixture. The nonsymmetric mixture distribution and the multistep chamber combine to provide a long, narrow, stable flame in the throat at relatively low inlet air pressures.

Abstract: A back flow preventer valve assembly for protecting fluid supply systems against back flow of contaminating fluids includes a pair of serially connected check valves positioned within respective housings which are connected together and to inlet and outlet fittings by slidable sleeve-type couplings. The couplings are sealed to the fittings and to the valve housings by resilient annular gaskets, preferably O-rings. Tie bolts extend longitudinally from the inlet fitting coupling to the outlet fitting coupling to retain the assembly together. This assembly provides for interchangeability of components, easy removal of the valve units from the line in which they are connected without disconnection of the inlet and outlet fittings, and for easy replacement or substitution of a fitting. Each check valve includes a poppet assembly of advantageous modular construction, with components easily replaceable.