Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating a residual crude oil into a light oil fraction and a heavy oil fraction in which the oil is first separated into a first light oil fraction and a first heavy oil fraction, the first heavy oil fraction is further separated into a second light oil fraction, an intermediate oil fraction and a second heavy oil fraction and the intermediate fraction is recycled to the first separation step.

Abstract: Combustion gases containing solids, e.g., gases resulting from regeneration of catalyst contact mass such as used in catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons or resulting from production of other materials or substances, e.g., carbon black, are passed to a separation zone, e.g., a cyclone separation zone in which separation of solids together with a substantial proportion of gases are separated resulting in a gas having a reduced solids content amounting to a tolerable maximum for utilization in an expansion zone, e.g., in a turbine to recover energy therefrom and then into a heat recovery unit or zone, e.g., to produce steam, and then pass to disposal, in one embodiment disposal including a combustion to convert trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide; the solids and gas separated in the cyclone being used for heat recovery and then used as stripping medium to strip hydrogen sulfide from hydrogen sulfide containing fluid, e.g.

Abstract: In the fractionation of hydrocarbon vapors from a catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon oil producing cracked vapors including gases, cracked gasoline fraction, a light cycle oil and heavier, a pump-around fraction intermediate the gasoline fraction and said light cycle oil is recovered, stripped of gasoline constituents and as necessary treated for removal of sulfur compounds and then used to separate in a pipeline simultaneously flowing therein a gasoline and a distillate having a flash point of at least about 125.degree. F. Use of the recovered fraction permits the separation during transportaton in the pipeline while avoiding significantly changing the octane of the gasoline or the flash point of the distillate whether there be blending within the pipeline of the buffered fraction with the gasoline and/or with the distillate or at the receiving terminal in making the cut between the gasoline and the distillate.