Abstract: Cesium-niobium-chalcogenide compounds and a semiconductor device are provided. The cesium-niobium-chalcogenide compound is selected from the group consisting of CsNbS3, CsNbSe3, and CsNbOx-3Qx, where Q is S or Se, and x is 1 or 2, and includes an edge-shared orthorhombic crystal structure. In one embodiment, the semiconductor device includes a cathode layer, an anode layer, and an active layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer, and the active layer includes the cesium-niobium-chalcogenide compound.

Abstract: Cesium-niobium-chalcogenide compounds and a semiconductor device are provided. The cesium-niobium-chalcogenide compound is selected from the group consisting of CsNbS3, CsNbSe3, and CsNbOx-3Qx, where Q is S or Se, and x is 1 or 2, and includes an edge-shared orthorhombic crystal structure. In one embodiment, the semiconductor device includes a cathode layer, an anode layer, and an active layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer, and the active layer includes the cesium-niobium-chalcogenide compound.

Abstract: Photovoltaic perovskite oxychalcogenide material and an optoelectronic device are provided. The optoelectronic device includes a cathode layer, an anode layer, and an active layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer. In one embodiment, the active layer includes a perovskite oxychalcogenide compound and the perovskite oxychalcogenide compound is NaMO2Q, wherein M is Nb or Ta, and Q is S, Se or Te.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of enhancing thermodynamic stability of a hybrid organic inorganic perovskite through a partial fluorination of CH3NH3+ cation. The method identifies that optimal stability of perovskite material can be reached with low controlled concentration of modified fluorinated cations, which has a tendency to stabilize the material due to the strengthening of some initially weak hydrogen bonds between MA+ cations and surrounding lead-iodide framework. Fluorination also reduces significantly the iodine vacancy mediated diffusion in the perovskite under applied bias voltage.

Abstract: Photovoltaic perovskite oxychalcogenide material and an optoelectronic device are provided. The optoelectronic device includes a cathode layer, an anode layer, and an active layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer. In one embodiment, the active layer includes a perovskite oxychalcogenide compound and the perovskite oxychalcogenide compound is NaMO2Q, wherein M is Nb or Ta, and Q is S, Se or Te.

Abstract: A process for producing an unsupported molybdenum sulfide nanocatalyst comprising atomizing a molybdenum oxide solution to form a molybdenum oxide aerosol, pyrolyzing the molybdenum oxide aerosol with a laser beam to form the unsupported molybdenum-based nanocatalyst, and pre-sulfiding at least a portion of the unsupported molybdenum-based nanocatalyst to form an unsupported molybdenum sulfide nanocatalyst, wherein the unsupported molybdenum-based nanocatalyst, the unsupported molybdenum sulfide catalyst or both are in the form of nanoparticles with a diameter of 1-10 nm and in a distorted rutile crystalline structure. A method of selective deep hydrodesulfurization whereby a hydrocarbon feedstock having at least one sulfur-containing component and at least one hydrocarbon is contacted with the unsupported molybdenum sulfide nanocatalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing an unsupported molybdenum sulfide nanocatalyst comprising atomizing a molybdenum oxide solution to form a molybdenum oxide aerosol, pyrolyzing the molybdenum oxide aerosol with a laser beam to form the unsupported molybdenum-based nanocatalyst, and pre-sulfiding at least a portion of the unsupported molybdenum-based nanocatalyst to form an unsupported molybdenum sulfide nanocatalyst, wherein the unsupported molybdenum-based nanocatalyst, the unsupported molybdenum sulfide catalyst or both are in the form of nanoparticles with a diameter of 1-10 nm and in a distorted rutile crystalline structure. A method of selective deep hydrodesulfurization whereby a hydrocarbon feedstock having at least one sulfur-containing component and at least one hydrocarbon is contacted with the unsupported molybdenum sulfide nanocatalyst.

Abstract: The nanostructured anode-cathode array for optoelectronic devices is an interdigitated electrode assembly for organic optoelectronic devices. The electrode assembly provides efficiency enhancement in metal oxide (ZnO) and metal (Ag) electrodes for organic optoelectronic devices. The assembly has vertically orientated nanorods in a range of patterns, configurations and volume fractions. The rods have lateral dimensions in the range of 1 nm-500 nm and lengths of 1 nm-10,000 nm. The anode-cathode array can be tuned by altering the dimensions of the individual electrodes and/or modifying the center-to-center distance of anode-anode, cathode-cathode or anode-cathode pairs.