Abstract: The invention provides a composite material structure comprising a plate having an upper side, an under side and at least first and second beams, each beam having a plurality of faces comprising at least an upper face and a base face and a pair of spaced apart side faces intermediate to and adjoining the upper and base faces, each beam being attached to the underside of the plate at the upper face wherein the first beam has an open ended passage extending between the side faces and the second beam extends through the open ended passage.

Abstract: The invention provides a composite material structure comprising a plate having an upper side, an under side and at least first and second beams, each beam having a plurality of faces comprising at least an upper face and a base face and a pair of spaced apart side faces intermediate to and adjoining the upper and base faces, each beam being attached to the underside of the plate at the upper face wherein the first beam has an open ended passage extending between the side faces and the second beam extends through the open ended passage.

Abstract: A clamp for coupling mating radially projecting flanges, each flange having a tapered outer face. The clamp includes at least a pair of component halves. Each half includes a generally U-shaped cross-sectional profile having a base portion and two opposing side limbs projecting from the base portion defining a recess intermediate the side limbs for receiving the mating flanges and a bolt and a lug for fastening the component halves together. Each side limb has a contact face for abutting a tapered face of a flange and a non-contact face. The base portion has a non-contact face. The contact faces of the side limbs are remote from the non-contact face of the base portion.

Abstract: A clamp for coupling mating radially projecting flanges, each flange having a coupling surface and a tapered face remote from the coupling surface. The clamp comprising at least a pair of component halves, each half comprising a general U-shaped cross-sectional profile having a base portion and two opposing side limbs projecting from the base portion defining a recess intermediate the side limbs for receiving the mating radially projecting flanges and means for fastening the component halves together. The recesses face each other defining a central aperture therebetween. Each side limb has one or more distinct faces comprising face and a non-contact face and the base portion has a non-contact face. The contact faces of the side limbs are remote from the non-contact face of the base portion.