Abstract: Metabolic auxotroph of Vibrio cholerae 0139 synonym Bengal which has a mutation in its hem A gene and which is not capable of synthesizing aminolevulinic acid (ALA) de novo and which is obtained from a parent strain originally isolated from a patient's coproculture having all the identifying characteristics of Vibrio cholerae 0139 synonym Bengal is described. In this strain the hem A gene is mutated by inserting a kanamycin resistant gene cassette. Another metabolic auxotroph of Vibrio cholerae 01 El Tor where the hem A gene is mutated by a frame shift mutation is disclosed. Methods of producing the strains are disclosed.

Abstract: An integrated circuit package fabricated by attaching a surface mount pin to a pin pad on a substrate using a Sn—Sb solder composition, where the quantity of Sb is in a range from 4 percent to 10 percent by weight. The Sn—Sb composition has a melting point above the melting point of commonly-used Sn—Pb solders. Thus, after the pins are surface mounted to the substrate, the pin integrity is not later compromised by assembly steps that reheat the substrate to a temperature sufficient to reflow the Sn—Pb solder. In one embodiment, the surface mount pins are attached to the bottom surface of an organic substrate using the Sn—Sb composition, and a flip-chip is attached to the top surface using Sn—Pb solder bumps. An integrated circuit package includes the substrate, the surface mount pins, and the Sn—Sb solder composition on the bonding surfaces of the pins.

Abstract: An integrated circuit package fabricated by attaching a surface mount pin to a pin pad on a substrate using a Sn—Sb solder composition, where the quantity of Sb is in a range from 4 percent to 10 percent by weight. The Sn—Sb composition has a melting point above the melting point of commonly-used Sn—Pb solders. Thus, after the pins are surface mounted to the substrate, the pin integrity is not later compromised by assembly steps that reheat the substrate to a temperature sufficient to reflow the Sn—Pb solder. In one embodiment, the surface mount pins are attached to the bottom surface of an organic substrate using the Sn—Sb composition, and a flip-chip is attached to the top surface using Sn—Pb solder bumps. An integrated circuit package includes the substrate, the surface mount pins, and the Sn—Sb solder composition on the bonding surfaces of the pins.

Abstract: A method for attaching a surface mount pin to a pin pad on a substrate uses a Sn—Sb solder composition, where the quantity of Sb is in a range from 4 percent to 10 percent by weight. The Sn—Sb composition has a melting point above the melting point of commonly-used Sn—Pb solders. Thus, after the pins are surface mounted to the substrate, the pin integrity is not later compromised by assembly steps that reheat the substrate to a temperature sufficient to reflow the Sn—Pb solder. In one embodiment, the surface mount pins are attached to the bottom surface of an organic substrate using the Sn—Sb composition, and a flip-chip is attached to the top surface using Sn—Pb solder bumps. An integrated circuit package includes the substrate, the surface mount pins, and the Sn—Sb solder composition on the bonding surfaces of the pins.