Abstract: Some demonstrative embodiments include devices, systems and/or methods of model checking. A method of checking a model having a first number of inputs may include, for example, automatically underapproximating the model by an underapproximated model having a second number of inputs, wherein the second number is smaller than the first number, and wherein automatically underapproximating comprises mapping the second number of inputs to the first number of inputs such that any possible combination of two or more values of any subset of two or more respective inputs of the first number of inputs is obtainable by assigning to each of one or more inputs of the second number of inputs a value of a predefined set of input values. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for verification of a target system includes defining a formula describing the target system, the formula including clauses, which include variables and which express constraints on states of the target system. The formula is processed so as to derive, using the clauses, a proof relating to a property of the target system. After deriving the proof, a variable that has a constant value is identified in the proof. The number of the variables in the proof is reduced using the identified variable, thereby producing a tightened expression, which is applied in making a determination of whether the target system satisfies the formula.