Abstract: In a storage system including a first tier and a second tier a method includes: storing access statistics per object; obtaining a request to perform a write operation; calculating a recency factor to the first object based on the access statistics; and writing the first object to one of the first tier and the second tier, depending on the recency factor. Performing garbage collection process on the second tier may include: reading metadata of an object stored in the second tier; determining whether the object is valid based on the metadata; if the object is invalid, discarding the object; and if the second object is valid: calculating a recency factor for the object based on the access statistics of the object; and moving the object to the first tier or leaving the object in the second tier, depending on the recency factor of the second object.

Abstract: A computer-based system and method for providing a distributed write buffer in a storage system, including: obtaining a write request at a primary storage server to store data associated with the write request in a non-volatile storage of the primary storage server; and storing the data associated with the write request in a persistent memory of the primary storage server or in a persistent memory of an auxiliary storage server based on presence of persistent memory space in the primary storage server. The write request may be acknowledged by the primary storage server after storing the data associated with the write request in the persistent memory of the primary storage server or in the persistent memory of the auxiliary storage server.

Abstract: Systems and methods of managing data storage, on non-volatile memory (NVM) media, by at least one processor may include: receiving a first storage request, to store a first data block on the NVM media; storing content of the first data block on a cache memory module; scheduling a future movement action of the content of the first data block from the cache memory module to the NVM media; and moving, transmitting or copying the content of the first data block from the cache memory module to at least one NVM device of the NVM media, according to the scheduled movement action.

Abstract: computer-based system and method for selecting a write unit size for a block storage device, includes performing a plurality of sequences of I/O operations to the block storage device, each sequence having a write unit size from a plurality of write unit sizes; collecting performance metrics of the sequences of I/O operations; and selecting the write unit size for the block storage device from the plurality of write unit sizes based on the performance metrics. In some cases, preconditioning is performed prior to performing the plurality of sequences of I/O operations by emptying the block storage device; and writing data to the block storage device to fill the block storage device above a predetermined level.

Abstract: A field programmable gate array (FPGA), that includes a trusted FPGA logic, an untrusted FPGA logic and a monitor; wherein the monitor is configured to monitor the untrusted FPGA logic and prevent the untrusted FPGA logic from violating predefined constrains imposed on an operation of the untrusted FPGA logic; wherein the predefined constraints are stored in a memory region of the FPGA that is not accessible to the untrusted FPGA logic.

Abstract: A method for accessing a storage system, the method may include receiving a block call, from a processor that executes an application and by a storage engine of a computer that is coupled to a storage system; generating, by the storage engine and based on the block call, a key value call; and sending the key value call to a key value frontend of the storage system.

Abstract: A storage system that includes an in-line hardware accelerator, a solid-state drive (SSD) unit, a central processing unit (CPU), a volatile memory module, and an accelerator memory module that is coupled to the in-line hardware accelerator or belongs to the in-line hardware accelerator; wherein the in-line hardware accelerator is directly coupled to the SSD unit, the volatile memory and the non-volatile memory; wherein the CPU is directly coupled to the volatile memory and to the non-volatile memory; wherein the in-line hardware accelerator is configured to manage access to the SSD unit; wherein the in-line accelerator is configured to retrieve data stored in the volatile memory module and the non-volatile memory module without involving the CPU.

Abstract: A method and a system for accelerating computer data garbage collection (GC) on a non-volatile memory (NVM) computer storage device may include: monitoring, by a processor, a data validity parameter of at least one physical write unit (PWU), where the PWU may include a plurality of physical data pages of the NVM device; sending at least one GC command from the processor to an accelerator associated with the NVM device, based on the monitored data validity parameter; copying, by the accelerator, a plurality of data-objects stored on at least one first PWU, to a read address space comprised within the accelerator; copying valid data-objects from the read address space to a write address space comprised within the accelerator until the amount of data in the write address space exceeds a predefined threshold; and storing, by the accelerator, the data content in at least one second PWU in the NVM media.

Abstract: A system and method of managing non-volatile computer storage media may include: receiving at least one value of at least one parameter, including for example: a size of data objects, a frequency of data write requests, a size of write units (WUs) and a required write amplification value; setting a cyclic write pointer to point to a WU having a logical address space; setting a cyclic garbage collection (GC) pointer to point to a WU having a logical address space, located ahead of the WU pointed by the write pointer; performing GC on the WU pointed by the GC pointer; and incrementing the cyclic GC pointer to point to a next WU according to the value of the cyclic write pointer and according to the at least one received parameter value.

Abstract: Communication apparatus, comprising: a network of power lines; and first, second and third transceivers, coupled to the network, the first transceiver being adapted to transmit a first signal over the network to the second transceiver within a selected frequency band at a transmission power level sufficiently strong that the first signal can be decoded by the second transceiver, but is attenuated sufficiently when it reaches the third transceiver so that the third transceiver can receive a second signal over the network in the selected frequency band substantially without interference by the first signal.

Abstract: A method of compressing values of a waveform of a monitored electrical power signal. The method includes acquiring data representative of periods of the waveform, decomposing the waveform of the power signal into a plurality of components over a plurality of periods of the waveform, compressing the values of at least some of the components over a plurality of periods, and storing these values and extents.

Abstract: A method of connecting a power line modem to an external network. The method includes receiving, by the power line modem, a plurality of packets directly transmitted from a plurality of neighboring devices connected to the power lines, determining for each of the plurality of neighboring devices, a cost of a route to an access unit, through the neighboring device, responsive to the received packets, and selecting an access unit to service the power line modem, responsive to the determination of the costs.

Abstract: A method of compressing values of a waveform of a monitored electrical power signal. The method includes of acquiring data representative of periods of the waveform (202), decomposing the waveform of the power signal into a plurality of components, over a plurality of periods of the waveform (sequence steps 204, 206, 208, 210, 212, 214) compressing the values of at least some of the components over a plurality of periods (216), individually. And storing these values and extents (218).

Abstract: A method for communication over a network of power lines (34), including establishing a communication link within a selected frequency band over the network between a first transceiver (32B) coupled to the network and a second transceiver (32C) coupled to the network. The method further includes transmitting a first signal over the link from the first transceiver to the second transceiver at a transmission power level that is sufficiently strong that the signal can be decoded by the second transceiver, but is attenuated sufficiently when it reaches a third transceiver (32E) coupled to the network so that the third transceiver can receive a second signal over the network in the selected frequency band substantially without interference by the first signal.

Abstract: A method for communication over a network of power lines (34), including establishing a communication link within a selected frequency band over the network between a first transceiver (32B) coupled to the network and a second transceiver (32C) coupled to the network. The method further includes transmitting a first signal over the link from the first transceiver to the second transceiver at a transmission power level that is sufficiently strong that the signal can be decoded by the second transceiver, but is attenuated sufficiently when it reaches a third transceiver (32E) coupled to the network so that the third transceiver can receive a second signal over the network in the selected frequency band substantially without interference by the first signal.

Abstract: A method of connecting a power line modem to an external network. The method includes receiving, by the power line modem, a plurality of packets directly transmitted from a plurality of neighboring devices connected to the powerlines, determining for each of the plurality of neighboring devices, a cost of a route to an access unit, through the neighboring device, responsive to the received packets, and selecting an access unit to service the power line modem, responsive to the determination of the costs.

Abstract: A modem which includes an application interface for receiving packets to be transmitted on an electrical power network, a network interface connecting the modem to the electric power network, at least one media access control (MAC) unit adapted to perform MAC layer tasks in accordance with at least two different MAC protocols, on packets received from the application interface, and at least one physical layer unit adapted to transmit packets from the at least one MAC unit onto the electric power network, through the network interface, in a same frequency band.

Abstract: A method for communication includes establishing a data link between first and second transceivers (32,34) over an electric power line (24). A sequence of data packets is received for transmission over the data link, the sequence belonging to a session of a connectionless real-time network protocol. Responsive to a first packet in the sequence, a reliable connection channel for the session is established over the data link between the first and second transceivers. The packets in the sequence are transmitted from the first to the second transceiver over the reliable connection channel.

Abstract: A method for communication over a network of power lines (34), including establishing a communication link within a selected frequency band over the network between a first transceiver (32B) coupled to the network and a second transceiver (32C) coupled to the network. The method further includes transmitting a first signal over the link from the first transceiver to the second transceiver at a transmission power level that is sufficiently strong that the signal can be decoded by the second transceiver, but is attenuated sufficiently when it reaches a third transceiver (32E) coupled to the network so that the third transceiver can receive a second signal over the network in the selected frequency band substantially without interference by the first signal.