Abstract: A system for detecting defects includes a memory configured to store a program of instructions; and a processor configured execute the program of instructions to convert an SEM image into an image layout, determine a search space based on performing first layout matching for the image layout and a design layout, match the image layout and the design layout based on performing the second layout matching in the search space, and output defect information based on detecting defects the matched image layout and the matched design layout. The SEM image is an image obtained based on photographing a semiconductor pattern formed on a semiconductor wafer using the design layout based on using a scanning electron microscope.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to roofing granules, such as colored solar-reflective roofing granules, and to methods for making and their use in roofing products. One aspect of the disclosure provides a collection of colored solar-reflective roofing granules, wherein substantially each roofing granule includes an inner layer of a porous ceramic material, the pore size and material of the inner layer being selected such that the inner layer is substantially reflective of infrared radiation; and disposed about and substantially surrounding the inner layer, an outer layer of a substantially colored ceramic material, the outer layer of substantially colored ceramic material being substantially transmissive to infrared radiation, the collection of colored solar-reflective roofing granules having a L* of no more than 60 and a solar reflectivity of at least 30%.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to roofing granules, such as colored solar-reflective roofing granules, and to methods for making and their use in roofing products. One aspect of the disclosure provides a collection of colored solar-reflective roofing granules, wherein substantially each roofing granule includes an inner layer of a porous ceramic material, the pore size and material of the inner layer being selected such that the inner layer is substantially reflective of infrared radiation; and disposed about and substantially surrounding the inner layer, an outer layer of a substantially colored ceramic material, the outer layer of substantially colored ceramic material being substantially transmissive to infrared radiation, the collection of colored solar-reflective roofing granules having a L* of no more than 60 and a solar reflectivity of at least 30%.

Abstract: An interconnect of a solid oxide fuel cell article is disclosed. The interconnect is disposed between a first electrode and a second electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell article. The interconnect comprises a first phase including a ceramic interconnect material and a second phase including partially stabilized zirconia. The partially stabilized zirconia may be in a range of between about 0.1 vol % and about 70 vol % of the total volume of the interconnect.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus map image information of a target object onto an interface of the target object in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method includes obtaining the image information of the target object in a predetermined direction from the outside of the target object to the inside of the target object, analyzing the obtained image information, extracting one piece of the obtained image information based on the analysis result, and allotting the extracted image information onto the interface of the target object.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes an anode layer, a cathode layer, and an electrolyte layer partitioning the anode layer and the cathode layer. The anode layer and the cathode layer are of about the same thickness and have about the same coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an integrated SOFC stack including, a first cell having a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer overlying the cathode layer, and an anode layer overlying the electrolyte layer. The SOFC stack also includes a second cell having a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer overlying the cathode layer, and an anode overlying the electrolyte layer. The SOFC stack further includes a ceramic interconnect layer between the first cell and the second cell, the ceramic interconnect layer having a first high temperature bonding region along the interfacial region between the first cell and the ceramic interconnect layer. The ceramic interconnect layer also includes a second high temperature bonding region along the interfacial region between the second cell and the ceramic interconnect layer.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus map image information of a target object onto an interface of the target object in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method includes obtaining the image information of the target object in a predetermined direction from the outside of the target object to the inside of the target object, analyzing the obtained image information, extracting one piece of the obtained image information based on the analysis result, and allotting the extracted image information onto the interface of the target object.

Abstract: An extensible partition includes a partition including a display area for displaying an image and configured to be rolled, and a roller for rolling the partition, the roller being coupled with a first end of the partition.

Abstract: ESD safe ceramic component is provided which includes a sintered composition which is formed of a base material and a resistivity modifier. The base material includes a primary component and a secondary component, the primary component including Al2O3 and the secondary component including tetragonal-ZrO2.

Abstract: An interconnect of a solid oxide fuel cell article is disclosed. The interconnect is disposed between a first electrode and a second electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell article. The interconnect comprises a first phase including a ceramic interconnect material and a second phase including partially stabilized zirconia. The partially stabilized zirconia may be in a range of between about 0.1 vol % and about 70 vol % of the total volume of the interconnect.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) includes a plurality of subassemblies. Each subassembly includes at least one subcell of a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrolyte between the first and second electrodes. A first bonding layer is at the second electrode and an interconnect layer is at the first bonding layer distal to the electrolyte. A second bonding layer that is compositionally distinct from the first bonding layer is at the interconnect layer, whereby the interconnect partitions the first and second bonding layers. A method of fabricating a fuel cell assembly includes co-firing at least two subassemblies using a third bonding layer that is microstructurally or compositionally distinct from the second bonding layer.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell includes an anode layer, a cathode layer, and an electrolyte layer partitioning the anode layer and the cathode layer. The anode layer and the cathode layer are of about the same thickness and have about the same coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE).

Abstract: The invention describes a polymer that is composed of a fluoropolymer modified with a UV absorber. The UV absorber is grafted to the polymeric backbone of the fluoropolymer. Optionally, a HALS can also be grated to the polymeric backbone of the fluoropolymer. Incorporation or the absorber or stabilizer helps to reduce degradation of underlying layers such as an encapsulant while still allowing useful light energy to pass through the layers to a device, such as a photovoltaic device.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) includes a plurality of subassemblies. Each subassembly includes at least one subcell of a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrolyte between the first and second electrodes. A first bonding layer is at the second electrode and an interconnect layer is at the first bonding layer distal to the electrolyte. A second bonding layer that is compositionally distinct from the first bonding layer is at the interconnect layer, whereby the interconnect partitions the first and second bonding layers. A method of fabricating a fuel cell assembly includes co-firing at least two subassemblies using a third bonding layer that is microstructurally or compositionally distinct from the second bonding layer.

Abstract: A ceramic material formed from a mixture including between about 50 wt % and about 85 wt % of a first zirconia-based material comprising between about 2 mol % and about 6 mol % yttria and between about 5 wt % and about 50 wt % of a second zirconia-based material comprising not greater than about 1 mol % yttria. The mixture can further include between about 1 wt % and about 10 wt % of an alumina material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a dense ceramics having ESD dissipative characteristics, tunable volume and surface resistivities in semi-insulative range (103-1011 Ohm-cm), substantially pore free, high flexural strength, light colors, for desired ESD dissipation characteristics, structural reliability, high vision recognition, low wear and particulate contamination to be used as ESD dissipating tools, fixtures, load bearing elements, work surfaces, containers in manufacturing and assembling electrostatically sensitive microelectronic, electromagnetic, electro-optic components, devices and systems.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a solid oxide fuel cell stack. The solid oxide fuel cell stack includes at least two solid oxide fuel cells. The two solid oxide fuel cells share a common electrode.

Abstract: A composite material including a thermoplastic polymer matrix and a non-carbonaceous resistivity modifier dispersed in the thermoplastic polymer matrix. The composite material has a surface resistivity of about 1.0×104 ohm/sq to about 1.0×1011 ohm/sq and at least a portion of a surface of the composite material has a surface roughness (Ra) not greater than about 500 nm.

Abstract: Method for controlling washing during spinning in a tilt-type washing machine for attenuation of vibration, including (a) a main rotation step for exerting a centrifugal force to the laundry gathered to a center of the inner tub for spreading the laundry to an inside wall of the inner tub before the water discharging step, (b) a laundry disentangle alternately rotating step for alternately rotating the inner tub for a preset times to disentangle the laundry spread to the inside wall of the inner tub, and (c) a supplementary rotating step for rotating the inner tub at a preset RPM to keep the laundry in the tilted inner tub spread evenly during the water discharge step, or alternatively (a) a laundry disentangle alternately rotating step for alternately rotating the inner tub to eliminate the eccentricity of the laundry in the inner tub before the water discharge step, and (b) a determining step either for carrying out a control pattern to eliminate the eccentricity of the laundry if the eccentricity of the la