Abstract: The present invention relates to a cell for the production of electric energy by reaction between hydrogen peroxide or oxygen, and aluminium or lithium or a mixture thereof, and hydroxyl ions in water, where the cathodes are cylindrical and based on radially oriented carbon fibres attached to a stem of metal. The novel feature of the invention is that by utilizing such cathodes in a cell with circulating electrolyte, it is possible to keep the concentration of oxidant in the electrolyte low and thus obtain high utilization of the reactants.

Abstract: This invention relates to galvanic seawater cells and batteries and in particular to cathodes which are suitable for use in galvanic cells that use an oxidant dissolved in the electrolyte as depolarizer. An example of such cells are seawater cells which use the oxygen dissolved in the seawater as oxidant. The cell has an inert electrode which consists of a number of conducting fibers (1,3,14) connected to a conducting body (2,4,15). The fibers (1,3,14) have different orientations relatively to each other and to the body (2,4,15). In a preferred embodiment the electrode body (2,4) consists of two or more wires which are twisted together to constitute an electrode stem while clamping the fibers (1,3) in a fixed position between the wires, as in a laboratory bottle brush.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sea water cell which uses wave action to increase the flow of the water through the cathode. The cell has an anode and a cathode arranged in an open cell structure to allow the electrolyte, i.e. the sea water, to flow through the structure. The cell structure is provided with water flow deflector means causing water flow through the cell to be deflected from the vertical direction, when the cell is suspended from or attached to a buoyancy device. The water flow deflector is preferably arranged in the upper end of the cell.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and means for preventing or greatly reducing biological growth on the cathode (7, 11) of a sea water cell (1) which is based on electrolytic reaction between oxygen, water and a metal anode (6, 10), and which is arranged to be connected to a load (3, 15) through a DC/DC converter (2, 14). An external power supply (5, 16) which may be powered from the load (3, 15), is at intervals connected to an electrode of copper (or copper alloy) (8, 12) included with the cell structure, to electrolytically dissolve copper. The negative terminal (18) of the power supply (16) may at intervals be connected to an auxiliary electrode (13) of a suitable metal or metal alloy such as copper, titanium or stainless steel. The interconnection of the power supply (5, 16) to the electrode (8, 12), and possibly to the auxiliary electrode (13) is controlled by a timing device (4, 17). At intervals, the same or a separate timing device (4, 17) may turn-off/switch-on the DC/DC converter (2, 14).

Abstract: This invention relates to sea water cells or salt water galvanic cells or batteries which use oxygen dissolved in the sea water as the oxidant, and in particular to cathodes which are suitable for cells which are exposed to high hydrodynamic forces (from waves or strong currents). The cathode (3, 12) may consist of a helix, or spirally wound perforated or expanded metal plate or sheet. The cathode (20) may alternatively consist of a number of concentrical spaced apart layers of cylinders of a perforated or expanded metal sheet. The number of layers of the cathode is 2-50. preferably 3-20. The layers of the cathode are spaced apart with radially arranged bars, spacers, notches (4, 15, 16) or the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preventing or greatly reducing formation of calcareous deposits on an inert electron conducting cathode in a primary cell (1) which is based on reaction between oxygen, water and a metal anode when it is submerged in seawater and connected to a load (2). The problem of deterioration of the cell (1) caused by calcareous depositions on the cell cathode is solved by monitoring the cell voltage and/or criteria leading to changes in the cell voltage and reducing or disconnecting the load (2) if the cell voltage falls below a certain level (VL) and reconnecting the load (2) after a certain time or when the voltage rises above a certain second level (VH).