Abstract: A self-sufficient system for evaporation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) comprising an evaporation station which is configured to receive LNG at very low pressure and temperature and to provide natural gas (NG) at high pressure and low temperature, a heat pumping station which is configured to implement a closed-loop refrigeration cycle using a mixed refrigerant as working fluid and a main heat exchanger which is fluidly coupled to the evaporation station and the heat pumping station and is configured to transfer heat from the heat pumping station to the evaporation station in order to evaporate LNG and supply NG downstream the main heat exchanger. The evaporation station comprises a pump and a expander, the expander drives the pump. The heat pumping station comprises a second pump and a second expander, the second expander drives the second pump.

Abstract: A heat and mass transfer system includes at least one vessel configured to receive a gas and a liquid, and a series of heat and mass transfer chambers, each heat and mass transfer chamber of the series of heat and mass transfer chambers configured to receive a portion of the gas and a portion of the liquid, and facilitate heat and mass transfer between the portion of the gas and the portion of the liquid. The portion of the gas and the portion of the liquid flow co-currently during the heat and mass transfer. The heat and mass transfer system also includes a conduit system including a plurality of channels configured to route the gas and the liquid between the heat and mass transfer chambers.

Abstract: The liquefaction system comprises a high-temperature refrigerant circuit and a low-temperature refrigerant circuit. The system further comprises a first high-temperature heat exchanger, wherein the feed gas is in heat exchange with a first stream of vaporizing first refrigerant and is cooled thereby, and a second high-temperature heat exchanger, wherein compressed first refrigerant of the first refrigerant circuit and compressed second refrigerant of the second refrigerant circuit are in heat exchange with a second stream of vaporizing first refrigerant and are cooled thereby. A low-temperature heat exchanger is further provided, wherein cooled feed gas from the first high-temperature heat exchanger and cooled second refrigerant from the second high-temperature heat exchanger are further cooled and liquefied in heat exchange with a flow of vaporizing second refrigerant.

Abstract: The power generation system comprises a fuel cell unit adapted to generate electric power using a hydrocarbon-containing gas. A water-gas shift reactor is adapted to receive flue gas from the fuel cell unit and convert carbon monoxide contained in the flue gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen. A cryogenic carbon dioxide capture unit is adapted to receive flue gas from the water-gas shift reactor and remove carbon dioxide therefrom. A recycle line recycles carbon dioxide-depleted flue gas to the fuel cell unit.

Abstract: In the LNG plant, heat is provided to natural a gas processing system, including a pre-treatment unit and/or a liquefaction unit and/or an evaporation unit, by exploiting heat recovered through a steam generator of the plant that is thermally coupled to an exhaust outlet of a gas turbine of the plant. A heat transfer fluid circuit system with a circulating heat transfer fluid includes a first portion and a second portion; the first portion is located in a section of the steam generator to extract heat from to exhaust gases; the section is located between a stack and an evaporation section; the second portion is thermally coupled to the gas processing system so to provide heat thereto for example through an heat exchanger.

Abstract: A liquefied natural gas production unit and a method of managing the same, the unit comprising a cold box providing a plurality of heat exchangers configured to cool down natural gas, a separator configured to separate pre-cooled natural gas into a vapor stream and a heavy hydrocarbon liquid stream, a debutanizer connected to the bottom of the separator through a heavy hydrocarbon liquid stream line, the debutanizer being configured to evaporate light hydrocarbons from the heavy hydrocarbon liquid stream, a liquid stream line connected to the bottom of the debutanizer, a vapor stream line connecting the top of the separator with the cold box, and a light hydrocarbons vapor line connecting the top of the debutanizer with the cold box, a natural gas line collecting the natural gas from the vapor stream line and from light hydrocarbons vapor line downstream the cold box.

Abstract: A liquefied natural gas production plant comprising a carbon capture unit wherein the refrigerant fluid thermodynamic refrigeration cycle of the carbon capture system and the refrigerant fluid thermodynamic refrigeration cycle of the liquefied natural gas production plant are integrated by using the same refrigerant fluid and sharing at least some apparatuses, thus reducing the overall number of apparatuses and in particular the overall number of compressors and consequently reducing the emissions of carbon dioxide produced by the compressors.

Abstract: An optimized arrangement of a modularized liquefied natural gas production unit is disclosed. The arrangement comprises a cold box integral with the refrigerant fluid closed thermodynamic refrigeration cycle module.

Abstract: A direct contact cooler comprises a flue gas stream path extending from a flue gas inlet to a flue gas outlet. The direct contact cooler further includes a first treatment section and a second treatment section disposed along the flue gas stream path. The first treatment section is arranged upstream of the second treatment section with respect to a flue gas stream along the flue gas stream path. The direct contact cooler includes an ammonia-rich wash water inlet and an ammonia-lean wash water outlet. The ammonia-rich wash water inlet is disposed between the first treatment section and the second treatment section and the ammonia-lean wash water outlet is disposed upstream of the first treatment section. Also disclosed herein are an ammonia-based carbon dioxide removal system including a direct contact cooler as defined above and a relevant method for carbon dioxide abatement.

Abstract: A method for removing NOx from flue gas by SCR includes supplying a reagent for the SCR reaction of NOx into the flue gas, then contacting the flue gas with a catalyst. Supplying the reagent includes supplying a less than stoichiometric amount of reagent, and after contacting the flue gas with a catalyst a final NOx removal step is provided.

Abstract: A method for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas to generate a high purity CO2 stream.

Abstract: A system for regulating the viscosity of a fluid prior to atomization includes a temperature controller configured to adjust a temperature of a fluid flowing in a conduit prior to atomization of the fluid by an atomizer fluidly connected to the conduit and a sensor in communication with the temperature controller such that the sensor can provide an indicator to the temperature controller of a viscosity of the fluid flowing in the conduit prior to atomization. An adjustment to the temperature of the fluid by the temperature controller is based at least in part on the measured viscosity indicator of the fluid, a target atomization-viscosity of the fluid, and a coking temperature of the fluid.

Abstract: A system for capturing carbon dioxide CO2 by carbonation in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) carbonation reactor wherein temperature profile is adjusted by recirculation of solid fractions of metal oxide MeO and metal carbonate MeCO3 to the CFB carbonation reactor.

Abstract: A method of treating a carbon dioxide rich flue gas and a flue gas treatment system for treatment of a carbon dioxide rich flue gas are provided. A boiler system includes a boiler, being operative for combusting a fuel and generating a carbon dioxide rich flue gas, and the flue gas treatment system. The flue gas treatment system includes a gas cleaning system, a nitrogen oxides reduction unit, being operative for reducing at least a portion of a nitrogen oxide(s) content of the flue gas, and a compression and cooling device being operative for pressurizing and cooling at least a portion of the flue gas treated by the gas cleaning system and the nitrogen oxide(s) reduction unit.

Abstract: A method for integrating a carbon capture process with a process for cement production.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling flow of a material includes an inlet for receiving the material from a source, and a seal mechanism connected to the inlet, the seal mechanism having a fluidizing bed configured to receive the material from the inlet, a first discharge passageway and a second discharge passageway. The fluidizing bed includes a first transport zone associated with the first discharge passageway and a second transport zone associated with the second discharge passageway, wherein the first and second transport zones are configured to receive transport gas from a transport gas source. The transport gas is controllable to selectively divert a flow of the material into the first discharge passageway and the second discharge passageway.

Abstract: A system for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from a flue gas is provided. The system includes a carbonator, and a calciner. The carbonator receives the flue gas and lean sorbent particles such that the lean sorbent particles absorb gaseous carbon dioxide from the flue gas and become loaded sorbent particles. The calciner includes a drum that defines a cavity having a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is fluidly connected to the carbonator such that the loaded sorbent particles flow into the cavity from the carbonator. The drum rotates such that at least some of the loaded sorbent particles are mixed with heat-transferring particles so as to release the absorbed gaseous carbon dioxide and exit the drum via the second opening as lean sorbent particles.

Abstract: A method for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas to generate a high purity CO2 stream.

Abstract: A system for removing ash deposits within a boiler is provided. The system includes a soot blower disposed within the boiler, and a gas supply line in fluid communication with the soot blower and a gas source. The soot blower is operative to inject compressed gas from the gas source into the boiler to remove the ash deposits from a surface of the boiler.

Abstract: A system for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from a flue gas is provided. The system includes a carbonator, and a calciner. The carbonator receives the flue gas and lean sorbent particles such that the lean sorbent particles absorb gaseous carbon dioxide from the flue gas and become loaded sorbent particles. The calciner includes a drum that defines a cavity having a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is fluidly connected to the carbonator such that the loaded sorbent particles flow into the cavity from the carbonator. The drum rotates such that at least some of the loaded sorbent particles are mixed with heat-transferring particles so as to release the absorbed gaseous carbon dioxide and exit the drum via the second opening as lean sorbent particles.