Abstract: A method for production of nanostructures including gasifying a carbon-bearing material into a gas, thermal catalytic disproportionating the gas with a catalyst including a material including a Group VIII metal and with carbon monoxide so as to produce carbon including a nanostructure, the disproportionating also producing carbon dioxide as a byproduct, re-using the carbon dioxide to produce carbon monoxide, and introducing the carbon monoxide back into the thermal catalytic disproportionating.