Abstract: A niobium-based refractory alloy. The inclusion of measurable, controlled amounts of interstitial nitrogen improves one or more structural properties of the alloy. Components made with the alloy have higher strengths, especially at elevated temperatures, while ductility and oxidation resistance are not adversely affected. In particular, components for use in ground-based and air-based gas turbine engine hot sections can utilize the alloy in order to realize improvements in one or more of service life, operational efficiency and design simplification.

Abstract: Systems and methods for calculating efficiency of a rotary friction welding process are described herein. An example method can include measuring kinetic energy transferred from a welding machine to an interface of a welded joint, and calculating an efficiency of a rotary friction welding process based on the measured kinetic energy. For example, a workpiece torque experienced by a sample can be measured, and an energy associated with the workpiece torque can be calculated. The efficiency of the rotary friction welding process can then be calculated using the energy associated with the workpiece torque.

Abstract: Systems and methods for calculating efficiency of a rotary friction welding process are described herein. An example method can include measuring kinetic energy transferred from a welding machine to an interface of a welded joint, and calculating an efficiency of a rotary friction welding process based on the measured kinetic energy. For example, a workpiece torque experienced by a sample can be measured, and an energy associated with the workpiece torque can be calculated. The efficiency of the rotary friction welding process can then be calculated using the energy associated with the workpiece torque.