Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting an isolation fault condition of a LED module supplied with electrical power by a non-isolated switched LED converter, the switched LED converter having a control circuit for issuing a control signal for at least one switch and being supplied with at least one feedback signal from the LED in order to implement a feedback-controlled operation of the LED module. The method comprises the step of: obtaining and analysing a signal indicating the operation frequency of the switch of the switched converter in order to evaluate the contribution of a harmonic in the frequency range of a mains voltage supplying the converter in said signal, and stopping or reducing the electrical power supplied to the LED module in case the contribution of said harmonic exceeds a given threshold value during at least a preset time period or preset number of cycles.

Abstract: An antimicrobial composition comprising an organic antimicrobial component (K) and at least one metal salt component (M) and also, where appropriate, a solvent (L) and further auxiliary components, which comprises as organic component (K) at least one compound of the general formula (I) where the radicals independently have for example the following meanings: R1 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R2 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R3 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R4 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R5 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R6 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 8 to 18 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 1 to 6, and which comprises as metal salt component (M) at least one salt of a di- to pentavalent metal, is useful for durable finishing of textiles.

Abstract: A carrier system for transport of functional chemicals in substrates, such as fiber and plastic materials, comprises a carrier compound and at least one functional chemical, whereby the carrier compound consists of micelles, liposomes, lyotropic liquid crystals, or intercalation compounds. The functional chemical that is transported by the carrier compound migrates into the substrate and has an anisotropic distribution therein. Methods for modification, for activation and deactivation in a subsequent application on substrates are described.

Abstract: A multifunctional, responsive functional layer on a substrate, such as textiles, paper and plastic materials, includes at least one first and a second functional component, of which at least one of the second functional components meets the chemical-functional and constitutional specification for responsive behavior and thereby can be reversibly switched by an outer stimulus. The first and second functional components differ with respect to the intrinsically specified properties thereof and are matched to each other, wherein at least one of the functional components on the substrate is present as a physical-chemical compound. Methods are disclosed for producing the multifunctional, responsive functional layer, which enable the combination of functions, such as moisture management, soil release, antistatic, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, oleophobicity, controlled release, and conductivity.

Abstract: An antimicrobial composition comprising an organic antimicrobial component (K) and at least one metal salt component (M) and also, where appropriate, a solvent (L) and further auxiliary components, which comprises as organic component (K) at least one compound of the general formula (I) where the radicals independently have for example the following meanings: R1 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R2 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R3 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R4 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R5 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R6 is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical having 8 to 18 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 1 to 6, and which comprises as metal salt component (M) at least one salt of a di- to pentavalent metal, is useful for durable finishing of textiles.

Abstract: An anti-static multi-functional layer is disclosed for finishing and coating substrates and for introducing the polymer/particle composites contained in the multi-functional layer into substrates. The layer can include a polymer matrix containing at least one polymer compound and at least one non-metallic particle type and/or a metallically conductive particle type in combination with a metallic electrolyte. The particle combination can be encapsulated by a coating matrix, thus forming a multi-functional layer. A virtually continual discharge of the static charge that occurs can be guaranteed by the electrochemical reaction taking place in the layer and produces a charge neutralisation. Methods are disclosed in which the anti-static multi-functional layer is used, for example to finish textiles, to coat plastic film and coverings and to introduce the polymer/particle composites contained in the multi-functional layer into a plastic.

Abstract: A particle composite for incorporation in a finish coating includes particles having various sizes from 0.01-10 ?m and encased by at least one layer containing a coating mass. The particles are chemically fixable and have substantially the same function on the surface as that in the host matrix of the finish layer. Methods for producing the particle composite are disclosed, wherein hyperstructures leading to an enhancement of the oil- and dirt-repellent effect are formed by the combination of smaller and larger particles.

Abstract: Methods for coating fibers and material to achieve particular properties such as water repellency, oil repellency and self-cleaning, are provided. These properties are achieved by pre-treating the fibers or material and subsequently coating with prepolymers and nanoparticles. The prepolymers are partly substituted with hydrocarbon groups or fluorocarbon groups. The nanoparticles may have surfaces treated with hydrocarbons or fluorocarbons. The prepolymers are fixed and hardened by irradiation with light of a wavelength in the UV or visible regions.

Abstract: Formulations for dressing, dressing layers, dressed textile fibers and textile fabrics, and methods for dressing textile fibers and textile fabrics are provided. The textiles can receive, a plurality of times, active substances, or active ingredients, which can be deposited in a isotropic manner to the surrounding medium or in an anisotropic manner in a directly adjacent layer by means of a locally oriented material flow. The dressing layers are characterized by their ability to swell and to receive active substances. Polymer layers form nano pockets during swelling which can receive one or several guest molecules. The active substances can be deposited when the loaded textiles are worn and absorbed by the skin of the wearer, either cutaneously or percutaneously, to produce the desired effect.