Abstract: A hydraulic load cell configured to allow direct readout of an applied force in pounds by a standard hydraulic gauge, which is normally calibrated in pounds per square inch. A load is applied generally to the end of the load cell's piston. The piston is fitted with an o'ring in its machined groove and inserted into a fluid filled cylinder; the cylinder having been machined to a tightly controlled diameter of nominally 1.12838 inches. The fluid cavity is joined by a small bore tube to the hydraulic gauge. The three piece device and adjoined gauge is extremely rugged. Pascal's Law of incompressibility of a liquid and the equation of Force=Pressure×Area are utilized to realize the invention's unique simplicity and usefulness. Applications to single and multiple point loading are shown.

Abstract: An exercise board sized to the patient's abdominal area provides for maximum lateral range extension of the shoulder rotator and limb musculoskeletal system. A ferrous loaded exercise disk on top of a flat surface sheet is magnetically coupled to permanent magnets housed below in a laterally free space to establish a magnetically induced lateral frictional resistance against the patient's lateral force on the disk anywhere on the plane of the surface sheet. An incline exercise apparatus is formed by combining the board with an incline stand and a rope, pulley and pull ring, allowing a patient's good limb to assist in rehabilitating the acutely impaired limb, as from stroke, shoulder rotator damage, or surgery. Circuitous indicia paths, some with obstacles for the disk, provide a method for the determination the patient's range performance and energy expended.