Abstract: A photovoltaic module has at least one solar cell, wherein the solar cell is enclosed by an encapsulation apparatus, and an electrolysis unit for dehumidifying the interior of the encapsulation apparatus. The electrolysis unit has a cathode, an anode, and an ion conductor connecting the cathode and the anode. The electrolysis unit is designed to cleave water in hydrogen and oxygen. A method for dehumidifying a photovoltaic module is accomplished by the electrolysis unit.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device having a perovskite PV cell wherein the PV device operates, for example during start-up, initially in a bias-voltage operating mode, in which a bias voltage is applied to the perovskite PV cell of the PV device. The bias voltage or the energy needed for same can advantageously be drawn from the power electronics associated with the perovskite PV cell.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module has at least one solar cell, wherein the solar cell is enclosed by an encapsulation apparatus, and an electrolysis unit for dehumidifying the interior of the encapsulation apparatus. The electrolysis unit has a cathode, an anode, and an ion conductor connecting the cathode and the anode. The electrolysis unit is designed to cleave water in hydrogen and oxygen. A method for dehumidifying a photovoltaic module is accomplished by the electrolysis unit.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method and system provides output data, wherein the output data includes a performance value of a perovskite-based solar cell. The method includes: (i) receiving input data, wherein the input data includes data from electrical impedance spectroscopy carried out on the solar cell or parts thereof, (ii) applying a trained function to the input data, wherein the output data is generated and (iii) providing the output data. A computer-implemented method also provides a trained function which is able to predict a performance value of a perovskite-based solar cell based on electrical impedance spectroscopy carried out on the solar cell or parts thereof.

Abstract: A method for operating a photovoltaic module in which the photovoltaic module has at least one perovskite solar cell. The method includes temporarily operating the photovoltaic module at the maximum power point by a control device connected to the photovoltaic module, wherein the drawing of electrical energy is interrupted when the irradiance of electromagnetic radiation impinging on the photovoltaic module falls below a predetermined threshold value. A photovoltaic device includes a photovoltaic module having at least one perovskite solar cell, and a control device connected to the photovoltaic module.

Abstract: A method for control of a cooling device for the active cooling of a perovskite solar cell, wherein the perovskite solar cell is part of a perovskite photovoltaic module. The method includes determining a measure of the internal temperature of the perovskite solar cell and activating the cooling device when the determined measure of the internal temperature of the perovskite solar cell is greater than a corresponding measure of a predetermined temperature threshold value. A photovoltaic apparatus having a perovskite photovoltaic module includes at least one perovskite solar cell, and a cooling device for the active cooling of the perovskite solar cell.

Abstract: An arrangement includes a solar cell and a covering, wherein the covering covers the solar cell, at least on the side that is intended to be exposed to electromagnetic radiation of the sun. The covering has an electrochromic layer. The arrangement also has a control unit for controlling the electrochromic layer. The control unit is designed to control the transmittance of the electrochromic layer for electromagnetic radiation in a defined wavelength range by applying an electrical voltage to the electrochromic layer.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device having a perovskite PV cell having reduced aging. The internal temperature of the perovskite PV cell, or a measure thereof, is determined using a measurement of an electrical parameter. In the case that it is detected that the corresponding measured value exceeds a threshold value, i.e., that the internal temperature is too high, the operating conditions of the perovskite PV cell are adjusted to the effect that the internal temperature reduces again. This can be achieved, for example, by an input resistance of power electronics of the perovskite PV cell being adjusted such that lower ohmic losses occur, as a result of the correspondingly altered electric currents.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device having a perovskite PV cell wherein the PV device operates, for example during start-up, initially in a bias-voltage operating mode, in which a bias voltage is applied to the perovskite PV cell of the PV device. The bias voltage or the energy needed for same can advantageously be drawn from the power electronics associated with the perovskite PV cell.

Abstract: Various embodiments include an electrolysis cell with a housing with an anode and a gas diffusion electrode connected as cathode. The gas diffusion electrode has an electrolyte side and a gas side and separates the electrolyte space from a gas space for a reaction gas. There is a support body disposed in the gas space with a contact surface in contact with the gas diffusion electrode. The gas space comprises a first channel system and a second channel system. The first channel system and the second channel system run separately from one another and thus form two separate volumes of the gas space. The first channel system and the second channel system each have openings in the contact surface of the support body.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a system for carbon dioxide electrolysis comprising: an anode and a cathode both connected to a voltage supply, wherein the cathode comprises a gas diffusion electrode adjoined by a gas space and a cathode space; an electrolyte circuit; a gas supply delivering carbon dioxide to the gas space; wherein the gas space has an outlet for an electrolyte, carbon dioxide, and product gases produced by electrolysis; a return connection connecting the outlet to the gas supply; and a pump for circulation of carbon dioxide and product gas in the gas space and the return connection.

Abstract: Various embodiments include an electrolysis cell with a housing with an anode and a gas diffusion electrode connected as cathode. The gas diffusion electrode has an electrolyte side and a gas side and separates the electrolyte space from a gas space for a reaction gas. There is a support body disposed in the gas space with a contact surface in contact with the gas diffusion electrode. The gas space comprises a first channel system and a second channel system. The first channel system and the second channel system run separately from one another and thus form two separate volumes of the gas space. The first channel system and the second channel system each have openings in the contact surface of the support body.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a system for carbon dioxide electrolysis comprising: an anode and a cathode both connected to a voltage supply, wherein the cathode comprises a gas diffusion electrode adjoined by a gas space and a cathode space; an electrolyte circuit; a gas supply delivering carbon dioxide to the gas space; wherein the gas space has an outlet for an electrolyte, carbon dioxide, and product gases produced by electrolysis; a return connection connecting the outlet to the gas supply; and a pump for circulation of carbon dioxide and product gas in the gas space and the return connection.

Abstract: Various embodiments may include a system for carbon dioxide electrolysis comprising: an anode; a cathode including a gas diffusion electrode adjoined by a gas space and a cathode space; an electrolyte circuit; a gas supply delivering carbon dioxide-containing gas to the gas space, wherein the gas space includes an outlet for an electrolyte, carbon dioxide, and product gases resulting from the electrolysis; and a throttle connecting the outlet to the electrolyte circuit, wherein the throttle creates a predefined pressure differential between the gas space and the cathode space when a mixture of product gases and liquid electrolyte flows through the throttle.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a system for carbon dioxide electrolysis comprising: an electrolysis cell having an anode and a cathode comprising a gas diffusion electrode adjoined by a gas space and a cathode space; an electrolyte circuit adjoining the electrolysis cell; a gas supply for supplying carbon dioxide-containing gas to the gas space, the gas space including an electrolyte outlet; and a shutoff device for the electrolyte outlet, wherein the shutoff device opens when a pressure differential between the gas space and the cathode space exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: A gas sensor, for example for use in air conditioning systems, has a gas-sensitive layer that includes a material that is sensitive to carbon dioxide. The material has a cross-sensitivity to air humidity. This is compensated for by measurement at two different temperatures. The measured gas values are calculated together, with the assumption that the sensitivity of the gas sensor to carbon dioxide exhibits a different curve with the temperature of the gas sensor than the sensitivity to water.

Abstract: An assembly for the extraction of respiratory gas samples may include a container for receiving a respiratory gas sample, a piston arranged in the container in a movable and gas-sealing manner, and a gas feed into the container, which gas feed can be connected to a mouthpiece.

Abstract: A method for optimizing a gas conversion rate in a respiratory gas analyzer, more particularly for nitric oxide (NO) in the respiratory gas, and an associated device are disclosed.

Abstract: Volatile organic compounds or oxidizing gases are detected when the work function of a metal-organic framework is measured to produce a sensor signal.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an operating method for a gas sensor, in particular a gas sensor for detecting asthma. According to said method, nitrogen monoxide or nitrogen dioxide is detected in a measuring phase and the gas sensor is heated by a heating device in a desorption phase in order to accelerate desorption. The heating process is continued until the temporal alteration of the measuring signal of the gas sensor falls below a threshold value.