Abstract: A computer-implemented method and system for simulating a program modeled as one or more blocks of a block diagram in a computing environment. The one or more blocks having at least one signal, the computing environment including a model editor, a data definition tool and a code generator. The method includes: Simulating the block diagram for a first time span in the simulation environment, Displaying the values of the signal as a function of the simulation time, Receiving a pause command at a specific simulation time and a new value for the parameter, Simulating the block diagram for a second time span in the simulation environment, and Displaying both the values of the signal from the first time span and the values of the signal from the second time span. The values from the second time span are displayed graphically different from those of the first time span.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine includes first operating the internal combustion engine in a first operating state and setting a second operating state, different from the first operating state, by advancing the exhaust camshaft relative to the crankshaft by a value in comparison with the first operating state. The exhaust valve is actuated by the exhaust cam and a decompression lift of the exhaust camshaft, whereupon, in the second operating state, the cylinder assumes a function of a decompression brake by compressing a first cylinder charge in the cylinder within a respective operating cycle of the internal combustion engine and then decompressing it by a decompression travel of the exhaust valve in a region of a charge exchange top dead center. In the second operating state, the intake camshaft is retarded relative to the crankshaft by a value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous polymer latexes of film-forming copolymers which are suitable as binders in waterborne coating compositions, and are obtainable by aqueous emulsion polymerisation of ethylenically unsaturated monomers M, which comprise •20 to 95% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers M, of at least one monomer M1, which is selected from isobutyl acrylate and isoamyl acrylate and mixtures thereof; •0 to 55% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers M, of at least one monomer M2, which is selected from ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, C6-C20-alkyl esters of acrylic acid and C5-C20-alkyl esters of methacrylic acid and mixtures thereof; •5 to 50% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers M, of at least one monomer M3, which is selected from tert-butyl acrylate, C1-C4-alkyl esters of methacrylic acid, C5-C20-cycloalkyl esters of acrylic acid, C5-C20-cycloalkyl esters of methacrylic acid, C5-C20-cycloalkylmethyl esters of acryli

Abstract: An optical force sensor along with an optical processing apparatus and method are disclosed. The optical force sensor includes an optical fiber, a core included in the optical fiber, an instrument including the optical fiber, the instrument having a distal region, and a tubular structure encasing an end of the optical fiber and secured to the first conduit at the distal region of the instrument. When an optical interferometric system is coupled to the optical fiber, it processes reflected light from a portion of the core included within the tubular structure that does not include Bragg gratings to produce a measurement of a force present at the distal region of the instrument.

Abstract: The present technology pertains to systems and methods for creating and mapping three-dimensional spaces to provide an interactive experience with physical spaces and objects. Preferred embodiments of the method include generating a geometric layout by scanning a physical space; overlaying the geometric layout onto a virtual three-dimensional map of the physical space, the three-dimensional map supported by a content management system; defining an anchor in the three-dimensional map; associating a content with the anchor; receiving, from a device in within the physical space, the device's physical location and orientation; determining, by the content management system, a device location within the three-dimensional map; and outputting to the device, when the device is near and orientated with the anchor, the content associated with the anchor or an indication of the content associated with the anchor.

Abstract: A computer-assisted medical system comprises a fluoroscopic imager having a full scan range in a surgical coordinate space. The system further comprises one or more processors configured to perform a method. The method includes receiving a first fluoroscopic image data set of a patient anatomy. The first fluoroscopic image data set is obtained from the full scan range of the fluoroscopic imager. The method further includes receiving at least one additional fluoroscopic image data set of the patient anatomy from the fluoroscopic imager operating in a constrained range substantially smaller than the full scan range. The method further includes constructing a first planar tomographic image from the first and at least one additional fluoroscopic image data sets.

Abstract: A method performed by a computing system comprises receiving, from a fluoroscopic imager, having a first set of parameters, first fluoroscopic image data of a first fiducial marker within a surgical coordinate space. The method comprises receiving a configuration of the first fiducial marker within the surgical coordinate space. The method comprises determining a second set of parameters of the fluoroscopic imager in the surgical coordinate space based on the first fluoroscopic image data and the configuration of the first fiducial marker. In some embodiments, determining the second set of parameters comprises developing a calibrated model of the fiducial marker in the surgical coordinate space from the first fluoroscopic image data and the configuration of the first fiducial marker.

Abstract: A computer-assisted medical device includes a control unit, first and second articulated arms, a first imaging device mounted to the first articulated arm, and a medical tool mounted to the second articulated arm. The control unit obtains first images from a second imaging device using a first imaging modality, determines first coordinates of multi-modal anatomical markers secured to a patient based on the first images, obtains second images from the first imaging device using a second imaging modality, determines second coordinates of the multi-modal markers relative to the medical tool based on the second images, at least one of the multi-modal markers including a body comprising a first region observable by the first imaging modality and a second region observable by the second imaging modality, and registers the medical tool to the patient based on the first and second coordinates and kinematic models of the first and second articulated arms.

Abstract: An optical force sensor along with an optical processing apparatus and method are disclosed. The optical force sensor includes an optical fiber, a core included in the optical fiber, an instrument including the optical fiber, the instrument having a distal region, and a tubular structure encasing an end of the optical fiber and secured to the first conduit at the distal region of the instrument. When an optical interferometric system is coupled to the optical fiber, it processes reflected light from a portion of the core included within the tubular structure that does not include Bragg gratings to produce a measurement of a force present at the distal region of the instrument.

Abstract: A method for operating a reciprocating internal combustion engine in an engine braking mode includes, in a working cycle of the engine braking mode, a first outlet valve of a first cylinder is closed for a first time, then opened for a first time, and subsequently closed for a second time, and then opened for a second time, in order to thereby discharge gas that has been compressed in the first cylinder from the first cylinder by a cylinder piston. The outlet valve is held open after the first opening and prior to the second closing long enough for the cylinder to be filled with gas that flows out of a second cylinder via at least one outlet channel, where when the engine braking mode is activated, at least one camshaft for activating at least one gas exchange valve of the reciprocating internal combustion engine is adjusted.

Abstract: A valve train of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes a rocker arm assigned to a first combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine where via the rocker arm a gas exchange valve assigned to the first combustion chamber is actuatable. An actuating device is assigned to a second combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine where via the actuating device, by supplying the actuating device with a hydraulic fluid, the second combustion chamber is switchable between a firing mode for fired operation and a braking mode for an engine braking operation of the internal combustion engine. A supply of the hydraulic fluid to the actuating device assigned to the second combustion chamber is adjustable by the rocker arm assigned to the first combustion chamber.

Abstract: A brake disc is provided for a disc brake, which consists of a brake disc chamber and at least one friction ring connected to the latter via connecting devices. A jacket of the brake disc chamber is provided with sections of reduced wall thickness and/or apertures. These sections and/or apertures are axially directed material recesses which are located on the outer circumference of the brake disc chamber jacket and serve for placing the connecting devices as close as possible to the brake disc chamber jacket.

Abstract: An optical force sensor along with an optical processing apparatus and method are disclosed. The optical force sensor includes an optical fiber, a core included in the optical fiber, an instrument including the optical fiber, the instrument having a distal region, and a tubular structure encasing an end of the optical fiber and secured to the first conduit at the distal region of the instrument. When an optical interferometric system is coupled to the optical fiber, it processes reflected light from a portion of the core included within the tubular structure that does not include Bragg gratings to produce a measurement of a force present at the distal region of the instrument.

Abstract: A valve train of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes a rocker arm assigned to a first combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine where via the rocker arm a gas exchange valve assigned to the first combustion chamber is actuatable. An actuating device is assigned to a second combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine where via the actuating device, by supplying the actuating device with a hydraulic fluid, the second combustion chamber is switchable between a firing mode for fired operation and a braking mode for an engine braking operation of the internal combustion engine. A supply of the hydraulic fluid to the actuating device assigned to the second combustion chamber is adjustable by the rocker arm assigned to the first combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, in an engine braking operating, having at least one engine braking mode and having at least one cylinder at least of a first cylinder bank, where the at least one cylinder has at least one outlet valve and at least one inlet valve, where, in a first engine braking mode, an outlet stroke of all outlet valves of the at least one cylinder of the first cylinder bank of the internal combustion engine is permanently switched off.

Abstract: A method for operating a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine in an engine braking mode includes moving an outlet valve of a first cylinder for a first time into a closed position, subsequently for a first time into an open position, subsequently in a direction of the closed position, and subsequently for a second time into the open position. The outlet valve is held open during the moving in the direction of the closed position for such a long time that the first cylinder is filled with gas which flows via an outlet duct out of a second cylinder. The outlet valve is moved, during the moving in the direction of the closed position, into an intermediate position which lies between the open position and the closed position, where from the intermediate position the outlet valve is moved for the second time into the open position.

Abstract: An optical force sensor along with an optical processing apparatus and method are disclosed. The optical force sensor includes an optical fiber, a core included in the optical fiber, an instrument including the optical fiber, the instrument having a distal region, and a tubular structure encasing an end of the optical fiber and secured to the first conduit at the distal region of the instrument. When an optical interferometric system is coupled to the optical fiber, it processes reflected light from a portion of the core included within the tubular structure that does not include Bragg gratings to produce a measurement of a force present at the distal region of the instrument.

Abstract: A method for operating a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine in an engine braking mode includes moving an outlet valve of a first cylinder for a first time into a closed position, subsequently for a first time into an open position, subsequently in a direction of the closed position, and subsequently for a second time into the open position. The outlet valve is held open during the moving in the direction of the closed position for such a long time that the first cylinder is filled with gas which flows via an outlet duct out of a second cylinder. The outlet valve is moved, during the moving in the direction of the closed position, into an intermediate position which lies between the open position and the closed position, where from the intermediate position the outlet valve is moved for the second time into the open position.

Abstract: An optical force sensor along with an optical processing apparatus and method are disclosed. The optical force sensor includes an optical fiber, a core included in the optical fiber, an instrument including the optical fiber, the instrument having a distal region, and a tubular structure encasing an end of the optical fiber and secured to the first conduit at the distal region of the instrument. When an optical interferometric system is coupled to the optical fiber, it processes reflected light from a portion of the core included within the tubular structure that does not include Bragg gratings to produce a measurement of a force present at the distal region of the instrument.

Abstract: A method for operating a reciprocating internal combustion engine in an engine braking mode of operation is provided. The method includes closing, for a first time, at least one exhaust valve of at least one cylinder in the engine braking mode of operation within a working cycle, and opening for a first time, and closing, for a second time, the at least one exhaust valve of the at least one cylinder, and opening for a second time to thereby discharge compressed gas in the cylinder via a piston of the cylinder from the cylinder. After the first opening and before the second closing, the exhaust valve is kept open, until the cylinder is filled with gas which flows through at least one exhaust channel from at least one second cylinder of the reciprocating internal combustion engine.