Abstract: The invention relates to a process for maturing at least one alcoholic liquid (5) including the following steps: using an airtight or semi-airtight chamber (15) located in a wine cellar, and containing at least one container (24) that contains an alcoholic liquid, the container being at least partly made from wood or containing wood, and an internal atmosphere (17) including oxygen, maturing the alcoholic liquid in the container, the maturation releasing volatile compounds into the internal atmosphere, extracting a portion of the internal atmosphere from the chamber in order to obtain a gaseous mixture (32) to be treated, separating the gaseous mixture to be treated into at least a residual gaseous mixture (34) depleted in said volatile compounds, and at least one recovered liquid (36) containing at least some of the volatile compounds, evacuating at least a portion of the residual gaseous mixture to the outside of the chamber, and allowing air into the chamber by forced convection, the recovered liquid be