Abstract: This invention presents a system that produces polysilicate in acidic form that can be used for binding and agglomeration purposes. It also provides a colour indicator system to optically identify the optimal pH working range at which, for practical purposes, the polymerisation speed is the most convenient. The system also relates to the application of these polysilicic products for preserving wooden structures against aging and rot by reinforcing the cellulose microstructures through filling and binding with acidic polysilicate.

Abstract: A paper making process with improved retention and binding of fillers is characterized by the use of an amphoteric mucous compound as binder. The preferred compound is the reaction product between cationic starch (CS) of low charge density and a polysaccharide acid such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). This compound has amphoteric and mucous character and should be used for enveloping fillers, while in a unique transient structure. This structure is characterized by filler particles being enclosed and finely distributed in droplets of the highly hydrated but substantially water-insoluble mucous compound. According to the invention this transient structure should further be reorganized to a less hydrated and more resistant gel structure, still enclosing the filler. This gel structure can stand the draining forces on a paper machine wire screen. This structural reorganization is achieved by reaction with colloidal particles, especially of polyaluminum-oxy-citrate compounds.

Abstract: In making paper from an aqueous papermaking stock a binder comprising colloidal silicic acid and cationic starch is added to the stock for improving the paper or the retention of the stock components, or is added to the white water for reducing the pollution problems or recovering values from the white water.The cationic starch of the binder has a degree of substitution of not less than 0.01, and the weight ratio of cationic starch to SiO.sub.2 is between 1:1 and 25:1.

Abstract: A surface modified pigment formed from kaolin material and a process of producing same are described.The pigment consists of pigment particles of kaolin material, and on the surface of the particles a primary and a secondary layer are precipitated. The primary layer consists of an anionic Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2 hydrate gel having a molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 :Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of from 3 to 30 and is present in a quantity corresponding to from 2 to 15% by weight of SiO.sub.2, based upon the original quantity of kaolin material. The secondary layer consists of a polymeric binder which is bonded to the primary layer by hydrogen or ion bonding and which is included in a quantity of at least 2% by weight, based upon the original quantity of kaolin material.The pigment is prepared by dispersing the pigment particles in water and providing them, while they are dispersed, with precipitated primary and secondary layers. The primary layer of anionic Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.

Abstract: The disclosure relates generally to the detergent art and more specifically to a silicic acid detergent product for the microdeposition of silicic acid on textiles. The product comprises essentially an adduct (hydrogen bond compound) of oligomer and/or polymer silicic acid with polyethylene oxide compounds together with alkali, M.sub.2 O, where M is selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Li, alkanolamines and a quaternary ammonium group, amounting to a molar ratio SiO.sub.2 :M.sub.2 O>4, or preferably 6-100, said product being physically or colloidally soluble in laundry medium inside a pH of 8-12, in which medium it serves as a microdepositor for silicic acid on laundry textiles.

Abstract: A semisynthetic paper with low bulk comprises a continuous, chemically bonded, open fibre network formed by cellulosic vegetable fibres and fragments of urea-formaldehyde condensate, the fragments being precured before paper web formation and being cured a second time when drying the paper web.A method of producing a semisynthetic paper with low bulk comprises the steps of forming precured fragments of a urea-formaldehyde condensate, forming a stock of the fragments and cellulosic vegetable fibres, including in the stock a water-insoluble latent curing agent, forming a paper web from the stock, and drying the paper web, the fragments being cured a second time during the drying operation.

Abstract: A method for modifying the physical characteristics of cellulose materials by the impregnation of the cellulose fibers with acidic solutions of monomer and oligomeric silicic acid to form a capillary cellulose-polysilicic acid structure to which selective binder materials may be adhered.

Abstract: An aqueous latex material to be used for production of reinforced plastics and binders comprising latex particles of a film-forming organic polymer encapsulated with a layer of acidic, hydrated and hydrogen bound silicic acid in monomeric or oligomeric form.