Abstract: A bio-electrochemical fuel cell is provided. The fuel cell includes an anode placed between a second endplate and a supporting plate, a cathode placed between a first endplate and the supporting plate, a separator plate provided between the first endplate and the cathode, a separator plate provided between the second endplate and the anode, and at least one separator plate provided on each side of the supporting plate. The anode has a first layer and a biofilm including photosynthetic microorganisms is present on a surface of the first layer. A central aperture of the first endplate receives a flow of water containing the photosynthetic microorganisms and a central aperture of the second endplate discharges the flow of water. Application of light to the fuel cell assembly causes the photosynthetic microorganisms to release oxygen at the anode and induces a photo-current in the anode.

Abstract: A nanocomposite sorbent which contains molybdenum carbide, molybdenum nitride, and molybdenum oxide. The nanocomposite sorbent is in the form of nanosheets having a mean size of 10 to 100 ?m and a mean thickness of 10 to 1000 nm. A method of forming the nanocomposite sorbent is also provided. The nanocomposite sorbent is used to form a membrane filter with a fluorinated polymer. The nanocomposite sorbent and membrane filter are each used in a method of removing an organic pollutant from water.

Abstract: A bio-electrochemical fuel cell is provided. The fuel cell includes an anode placed between a second endplate and a supporting plate, a cathode placed between a first endplate and the supporting plate, a separator plate provided between the first endplate and the cathode, a separator plate provided between the second endplate and the anode, and at least one separator plate provided on each side of the supporting plate. The anode has a first layer and a biofilm including photosynthetic microorganisms is present on a surface of the first layer. A central aperture of the first endplate receives a flow of water containing the photosynthetic microorganisms and a central aperture of the second endplate discharges the flow of water. Application of light to the fuel cell assembly causes the photosynthetic microorganisms to release oxygen at the anode and induces a photo-current in the anode.

Abstract: A bio-electrochemical fuel cell is provided. The fuel cell includes an anode placed between a second endplate and a supporting plate, a cathode placed between a first endplate and the supporting plate, a separator plate provided between the first endplate and the cathode, a separator plate provided between the second endplate and the anode, and at least one separator plate provided on each side of the supporting plate. The anode has a first layer and a biofilm including photosynthetic microorganisms is present on a surface of the first layer. A central aperture of the first endplate receives a flow of water containing the photosynthetic microorganisms and a central aperture of the second endplate discharges the flow of water. Application of light to the fuel cell assembly causes the photosynthetic microorganisms to release oxygen at the anode and induces a photo-current in the anode.

Abstract: A bio-electrochemical fuel cell is provided. The fuel cell includes an anode placed between a second endplate and a supporting plate, a cathode placed between a first endplate and the supporting plate, a separator plate provided between the first endplate and the cathode, a separator plate provided between the second endplate and the anode, and at least one separator plate provided on each side of the supporting plate. The anode has a first layer and a biofilm including photosynthetic microorganisms is present on a surface of the first layer. A central aperture of the first endplate receives a flow of water containing the photosynthetic microorganisms and a central aperture of the second endplate discharges the flow of water. Application of light to the fuel cell assembly causes the photosynthetic microorganisms to release oxygen at the anode and induces a photo-current in the anode.

Abstract: A bio-electrochemical fuel cell is provided. The fuel cell includes an anode placed between a second endplate and a supporting plate, a cathode placed between a first endplate and the supporting plate, a separator plate provided between the first endplate and the cathode, a separator plate provided between the second endplate and the anode, and at least one separator plate provided on each side of the supporting plate. The anode has a first layer and a biofilm including photosynthetic microorganisms is present on a surface of the first layer. A central aperture of the first endplate receives a flow of water containing the photosynthetic microorganisms and a central aperture of the second endplate discharges the flow of water. Application of light to the fuel cell assembly causes the photosynthetic microorganisms to release oxygen at the anode and induces a photo-current in the anode.

Abstract: A method is described for improving water retention in soil, which involves mixing a super absorbing resin (SAR) composite with the soil. The SAR composite comprises a natural pozzolan and at least one polymer or copolymer. The SAR composite may be in the form of granules having an average longest dimension of 0.2-10 mm, though the SAR composite may be pelletized or formed in other sizes. The SAR composite may release water at a faster rate in a soil when exposed to drought conditions.

Abstract: Water treatment structures may have at least a first geotextile fabric layer; a second geotextile fabric layer; a third geotextile fabric layer; a first filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the first and second geotextile fabric layers; and a second filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the second and third geotextile fabric layers, wherein the geotextile fabric layers and the filler layers are within a housing, and wherein the structure is configured such that contaminated water proceeds sequentially through the first geotextile fabric layer, the first filler layer, the second geotextile fabric layer, the second filler layer, and the third geotextile fabric layer. Methods of treating wastewater may involve passing wastewater, after optional oxygenating and pre-filtering, through such alternating layers of geotextile, preferably nonwoven, and polymer particles.

Abstract: Water treatment structures may have at least a first geotextile fabric layer; a second geotextile fabric layer; a third geotextile fabric layer; a first filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the first and second geotextile fabric layers; and a second filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the second and third geotextile fabric layers, wherein the geotextile fabric layers and the filler layers are within a housing, and wherein the structure is configured such that contaminated water proceeds sequentially through the first geotextile fabric layer, the first filler layer, the second geotextile fabric layer, the second filler layer, and the third geotextile fabric layer. Methods of treating wastewater may involve passing wastewater, after optional oxygenating and pre-filtering, through such alternating layers of geotextile, preferably nonwoven, and polymer particles.

Abstract: Water treatment structures may have at least a first geotextile fabric layer; a second geotextile fabric layer; a third geotextile fabric layer; a first filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the first and second geotextile fabric layers; and a second filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the second and third geotextile fabric layers, wherein the geotextile fabric layers and the filler layers are within a housing, and wherein the structure is configured such that contaminated water proceeds sequentially through the first geotextile fabric layer, the first filler layer, the second geotextile fabric layer, the second filler layer, and the third geotextile fabric layer. Methods of treating wastewater may involve passing wastewater, after optional oxygenating and pre-filtering, through such alternating layers of geotextile, preferably nonwoven, and polymer particles.

Abstract: Water treatment structures may have at least a first geotextile fabric layer; a second geotextile fabric layer; a third geotextile fabric layer; a first filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the first and second geotextile fabric layers; and a second filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the second and third geotextile fabric layers, wherein the geotextile fabric layers and the filler layers are within a housing, and wherein the structure is configured such that contaminated water proceeds sequentially through the first geotextile fabric layer, the first filler layer, the second geotextile fabric layer, the second filler layer, and the third geotextile fabric layer. Methods of treating wastewater may involve passing wastewater, after optional oxygenating and pre-filtering, through such alternating layers of geotextile, preferably nonwoven, and polymer particles.

Abstract: Water treatment structures may have at least a first geotextile fabric layer; a second geotextile fabric layer; a third geotextile fabric layer; a first filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the first and second geotextile fabric layers; and a second filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the second and third geotextile fabric layers, wherein the geotextile fabric layers and the filler layers are within a housing, and wherein the structure is configured such that contaminated water proceeds sequentially through the first geotextile fabric layer, the first filler layer, the second geotextile fabric layer, the second filler layer, and the third geotextile fabric layer. Methods of treating wastewater may involve passing wastewater, after optional oxygenating and pre-filtering, through such alternating layers of geotextile, preferably nonwoven, and polymer particles.

Abstract: A bio-electrochemical fuel cell is provided. The fuel cell includes an anode placed between a second endplate and a supporting plate, a cathode placed between a first endplate and the supporting plate, a separator plate provided between the first endplate and the cathode, a separator plate provided between the second endplate and the anode, and at least one separator plate provided on each side of the supporting plate. The anode has a first layer and a biofilm including photosynthetic microorganisms is present on a surface of the first layer. A central aperture of the first endplate receives a flow of water containing the photosynthetic microorganisms and a central aperture of the second endplate discharges the flow of water. Application of light to the fuel cell assembly causes the photosynthetic microorganisms to release oxygen at the anode and induces a photo-current in the anode.

Abstract: A nanocomposite sorbent which contains molybdenum carbide, molybdenum nitride, and molybdenum oxide. The nanocomposite sorbent is in the form of nanosheets having a mean size of 10 to 100 ?m and a mean thickness of 10 to 1000 nm. A method of forming the nanocomposite sorbent is also provided. The nanocomposite sorbent is used to form a membrane filter with a fluorinated polymer. The nanocomposite sorbent and membrane filter are each used in a method of removing an organic pollutant from water.

Abstract: Water treatment structures may have at least a first geotextile fabric layer; a second geotextile fabric layer; a third geotextile fabric layer; a first filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the first and second geotextile fabric layers; and a second filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the second and third geotextile fabric layers, wherein the geotextile fabric layers and the filler layers are within a housing, and wherein the structure is configured such that contaminated water proceeds sequentially through the first geotextile fabric layer, the first filler layer, the second geotextile fabric layer, the second filler layer, and the third geotextile fabric layer. Methods of treating wastewater may involve passing wastewater, after optional oxygenating and pre-filtering, through such alternating layers of geotextile, preferably nonwoven, and polymer particles.

Abstract: Water treatment structures may have at least a first geotextile fabric layer; a second geotextile fabric layer; a third geotextile fabric layer; a first filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the first and second geotextile fabric layers; and a second filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the second and third geotextile fabric layers, wherein the geotextile fabric layers and the filler layers are within a housing, and wherein the structure is configured such that contaminated water proceeds sequentially through the first geotextile fabric layer, the first filler layer, the second geotextile fabric layer, the second filler layer, and the third geotextile fabric layer. Methods of treating wastewater may involve passing wastewater, after optional oxygenating and pre-filtering, through such alternating layers of geotextile, preferably nonwoven, and polymer particles.

Abstract: Water treatment structures may have at least a first geotextile fabric layer; a second geotextile fabric layer; a third geotextile fabric layer; a first filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the first and second geotextile fabric layers; and a second filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the second and third geotextile fabric layers, wherein the geotextile fabric layers and the filler layers are within a housing, and wherein the structure is configured such that contaminated water proceeds sequentially through the first geotextile fabric layer, the first filler layer, the second geotextile fabric layer, the second filler layer, and the third geotextile fabric layer. Methods of treating wastewater may involve passing wastewater, after optional oxygenating and pre-filtering, through such alternating layers of geotextile, preferably nonwoven, and polymer particles.

Abstract: A method is described for improving water retention in soil, which involves mixing a super absorbing resin (SAR) composite with the soil. The SAR composite comprises a natural pozzolan and at least one polymer or copolymer. The SAR composite may be in the form of granules having an average longest dimension of 0.2-10 mm, though the SAR composite may be pelletized or formed in other sizes. The SAR composite may release water at a faster rate in a soil when exposed to drought conditions.

Abstract: Water treatment structures may have at least a first geotextile fabric layer; a second geotextile fabric layer; a third geotextile fabric layer; a first filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the first and second geotextile fabric layers; and a second filler layer with plastic particles, arranged between the second and third geotextile fabric layers, wherein the geotextile fabric layers and the filler layers are within a housing, and wherein the structure is configured such that contaminated water proceeds sequentially through the first geotextile fabric layer, the first filler layer, the second geotextile fabric layer, the second filler layer, and the third geotextile fabric layer. Methods of treating wastewater may involve passing wastewater, after optional oxygenating and pre-filtering, through such alternating layers of geotextile, preferably nonwoven, and polymer particles.

Abstract: A method is described for improving water retention in soil, which involves mixing a super absorbing resin (SAR) composite with the soil. The SAR composite comprises a natural pozzolan and at least one polymer or copolymer. The SAR composite may be in the form of granules having an average longest dimension of 0.2-10 mm, though the SAR composite may be pelletized or formed in other sizes. The SAR composite may release water at a faster rate in a soil when exposed to drought conditions.