Abstract: A color printer driver binarizes continuous tone color print data stored in raster form and stores the binarized data directly into column form, without the intermediary of storage in horizontal raster form, for printout by a print engine having vertically-arranged print elements.

Abstract: A voice level controller comprises a discriminator for determining whether speech is transmitted through an analog line or not, and a control circuit for controlling a speech level in accordance with the output of the discriminator.

Abstract: There is provided a method for transferring an incoming telephone call to another station, utilizing the services of a network. The method consists of calling a station of destination by an exchange apparatus; then entering a three-party communication state including the exchange, the station of destination of transfer and the call originating station; and sending a soundless signal from the exchange to the station of destination of transfer and the call originating station, whereby the communication is enabled between these stations, so that the call is apparently transferred to the station of destination.

Abstract: After forming a magnetic material contained layer on a substrate, a etching region of the magnetic material contained layer is scanned by a magnetic head, to arrange magnetic polarization in one direction. The magnetic material contained layer is separated into a ferro magnetic region which magnetic polarization is arranged in one direction, and a feeble magnetic region which magnetic polarization is not arranged in one direction. Thereafter, the ferro magnetic region is removed by use of a difference between etching rates caused by density of the magnetic fields of these two regions.

Abstract: A telephone switching apparatus includes a line network to which first and second telephones are connected and a hands-free trunk whose input and output terminals are connected to the line network. The line network is controlled such that voices from the first and second telephones are transmitted to the second and first telephones, respectively, through the hands-free trunk. A call transfer apparatus includes an outside-line interface to which first and second outside lines are connected and an adjusting unit for comparing the volumes of voices from the first and second outside lines and adjusting the volumes of the voices in accordance with the results of the comparison. The voices input from the first and second outside lines and adjusted in volume are transmitted to the second and first outside lines, respectively.

Abstract: A communication control unit for controlling communication of data from external equipment includes a receiver for receiving the data from the external equipment, a transmitter for transmitting the data received by the receiver, a first set device for setting a data transmission rate between the receiver and the external equipment, and a second set device for setting a data transmission rate of the transmitter in accordance with the data transmission rate set by the first set device.

Abstract: In a method for determining an end of cleaning of a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus according to the invention, when the interior of a semiconductor substrate process chamber of the semiconductor manufacturing apparatus is cleaned by dry etching using plasma discharge, a constant current or voltage is supplied from a high-frequency power source to discharge electrodes during plasma discharge, an impedance between the electrodes or a temperature in the process chamber is monitored, a time point at which the impedance or temperature is abruptly changed is detected, and this time point of detection is determined to be an end of cleaning.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning semiconductor devices has a mixing section for mixing a chemical solution with pure water. A semiconductor substrate to be cleaned is placed on a support. An ultrasonic generator applies ultrasonic vibrations to the supplied pure water. The mixing section mixes a predetermined chemical solution with the pure water applied with the ultrasonic vibrations and supplies a desired pure water solution onto the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: In a method for determining an end of cleaning of a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus according to the invention, when the interior of a semiconductor substrate process chamber of the semiconductor manufacturing apparatus is cleaned by dry etching using plasma discharge, a constant current or voltage is supplied from a high-frequency power source to discharge electrodes during plasma discharge, an impedance between the electrodes or a temperature in the process chamber is monitored, a time point at which the impedance or temperature is abruptly changed is detected, and this time point of detection is determined to be an end of cleaning.

Abstract: Disclosed is a communication system which accommodates at least one central office network line and a plurality of extensions, and which is adapted to control line connection between the central office network line and the plurality of extensions. When a call from the central office network line is detected, it is determined in response to the call whether a control signal characteristic of data communication, such as a CST signal, is being sent by the other party's device. If such a control signal is being sent, a line to which a data processor is connected is selected and connected to the calling line. This makes it possible to connect an information processor and a telephone to a common central office network line, and to connect a call answered by another telephone to a desired information processor rapidly through a simple operation. Accordingly, it is unnecessary to assign a special-purpose central office network line to an information processor.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a semiconductor device of the present invention comprises a first step of exposing a periphery of a first region of a photoresist layer coating an insulating layer formed on a semiconductor substrate and a periphery of a second region for positioning, and a second step of heating said photoresist layer in ammonia atmosphere and forming an alkali insoluble portion in the periphery of the first region and that of the second region, a third step of exposing a third region, which is smaller than the first region, and the second region and developing these regions, a fourth step of etching the third region and the second region to a predetermined depth, and a fifth step of repeating the third and fourth steps once or more in a region, which is smaller than the third region, and the second region.

Abstract: Electronic equipment comprises a store for storing messages, apparatus for processing time information and generating an output at the beginning of each predetermined time period. The messages and time information may be displayed and one of the messages can be selected at random at the start of each time period and displayed with time information in response to the output of the time information processing means, the same message being prevented from being displayed more than once in a time period that is longer than the first mentioned time period.

Abstract: An electronic device, such as an electronic learning machine or dictionary, includes a memory for storing items of information, such as words in both a first and a second language in pairs, and an operation unit for searching particular ones of the pairs of words. This device also includes a memory that stores the number of times each pair of words is searched. Each time a pair of words is searched, the total number of times that the pair has been searched is displayed in a recognizable form by a display.

Abstract: An electronic compact function calculator of the invention has a keyboard including function keys, numeral/operation keys, and a graphic print key for accessing a graphic pattern of a desired function; a ROM storing graphic patterns of functions; and a display device or printer for displaying or printing the graphic pattern. The graphic representation of a function can be performed by a simple operation.

Abstract: An electronic instrument has a power switch provided on the upper surface of a keyboard. The keyboard comprises a substrate having transmitting electrodes and receiving electrodes and a flexible sheet having transparent electrodes in opposition to the transmitting and receiving electrodes. Between the substrate and flexible sheet there are arranged characters, symbols and the like. Cell, display device and logical operation elements are disposed gathered within a limited area of the substrate.

Abstract: An electronic desk-top calculator includes a bottom casing for the calculator on the inner surface of which bottom casing there are provided fixed contacts, and a flexible plate having thereon pairs of contacts provided with wiring conductors therefor. These pairs of contacts are so arranged at the positions in registry with the fixed contacts as to form a matrix. The fixed contacts act as bridging contacts and comprise electrically conductive material containing carbon particles. The pairs of contacts and wiring conductors have a first electrically conductive layer. An insulative layer of moisture-resistive material overlies the first conductive layer except those terminal ends of the wiring conductor which serve as contacts or electrical connectors. The exposed portions of the first conductive layer which function as switch contacts have an additional layer of electrically conductive material containing carbon particles.

Abstract: A method of connecting electrical parts to each other comprises the steps of coating an electroconductive adhesive on the terminal of a first member, coating an insulating adhesive on the terminal of a second member and the surface of the second member in which the terminal is not present, and adhering the first member to the second member with the terminal of the first member being opposite to that of the second member so that the first and second members are adhesively fixed to each other while each terminal of the first and second members are electrically connected.

Abstract: A key switch provided with plural elastic elements to be actuated in succession in response to the operation of key top by finger and composed to perform opening or closing operation when at least two of said elastic elements are actuated thereby reducing bouncing or chattering.

Abstract: A device for adjusting position of a head for reading out or writing in. The device includes an eccentrically rotatable member which moves the head so as to change its position relative to a recording medium and an actuating member for eccentrically rotating the rotatable member, the actuating member being coupled to the actuating member.