Abstract: It is an object to provide a technique capable of using a single framer as a necessary framer and causing the framer to be shared among a plurality of transmission destinations and priorities when coping with a plurality of transmission destinations or priorities and a change in a bandwidth of a physical lane that is caused by a change in a modulation scheme or a change in the number of wavelengths. A multilane transmission device that allocates client signals based on a transmission destination or a priority, decides the number of virtual lanes necessary for transmission of the client signals allocated based on each transmission destination or each priority, allocates the client signals allocated based on each transmission destination or each priority to the virtual lanes whose number has been decided, and frames the client signals allocated to the virtual lanes as transport frames, multiplexes the virtual lanes into a physical lane, and transmits the framed transport frames by using the physical lane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a signal block sequence processing method. According to the method, signal block headers (Bch, Bdh) are deleted from each sequence of signal blocks (B) each composed of the signal block header indicating whether a signal block payload is a control block payload (Bc?) containing a control code is contained or a data block payload (Bd?) containing data is contained. The resultant signal blocks are formed into one group (G). Each control block payload in the group is provided with position determination information indicating the position of the control block payload in the group. The signal block payloads are rearranged in accordance with a signal block payload rearrangement rule. The rearranged signal block payloads are contained in a super-block payload (Sc), to which a super-block header (Shc) indicative of containment of control block payloads is added. The resultant super-block (S) is output.

Abstract: The number of response-waiting requests which are already sent to a server (4) but to which a response is not yet returned from the server (4) is limited. To limit this number, received requests are temporarily accumulated in a buffer if the number of response-waiting requests has reached a threshold and, until the number of response-waiting requests falls below the threshold, requests are not sent from the buffer. The execution status of the server (4) is monitored, and the threshold is increased when the response time from the server (4) to a request is within an allowable range, and the threshold is decreased when the response time exceeds the allowable range. In addition, TCP connections between a load control device (3) and clients (1-1, . . . , 1-n) are aggregated so that the number of simultaneous connections of TCP connections between the server (4) and the load control device (3) becomes equal to or smaller than the threshold of the number of response-waiting requests.

Abstract: The present invention provides a signal block sequence processing method. According to the method, signal block headers (Bch, Bdh) are deleted from each sequence of signal blocks (B) each composed of the signal block header indicating whether a signal block payload is a control block payload (Bc?) containing a control code is contained or a data block payload (Bd?) containing data is contained. The resultant signal blocks are formed into one group (G). Each control block payload in the group is provided with position determination information indicating the position of the control block payload in the group. The signal block payloads are rearranged in accordance with a signal block payload rearrangement rule. The rearranged signal block payloads are contained in a super-block payload (Sc), to which a super-block header (Shc) indicative of containment of control block payloads is added. The resultant super-block (S) is output.

Abstract: The number of response-waiting requests which are already sent to a server (4) but to which a response is not yet returned from the server (4) is limited. To limit this number, received requests are temporarily accumulated in a buffer if the number of response-waiting requests has reached a threshold and, until the number of response-waiting requests falls below the threshold, requests are not sent from the buffer. The execution status of the server (4) is monitored, and the threshold is increased when the response time from the server (4) to a request is within an allowable range, and the threshold is decreased when the response time exceeds the allowable range. In addition, TCP connections between a load control device (3) and clients (1-1, 1-n) are aggregated so that the number of simultaneous connections of TCP connections between the server (4) and the load control device (3) becomes equal to or smaller than the threshold of the number of response-waiting requests.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for synchronous frame communication first communicates a frame signal having communication data and first control information having a bit length and an SDH frame structure in a part of frame time interval and a control information processing method based on an SDH-frame-overhead-process for processing the first control information that includes bytes indicative of each of a relay node's section overhead, an end terminal section overhead, and at least a part of a byte of higher path's overhead. In the frame time interval a signal is communicated by a different second communicating method having the communication data and second control information having a bit length capable of including a significantly higher amount of information than that of the first control information and which corresponds to the first control information byte communicated in the frame time interval.

Abstract: There is provided a simulation apparatus that predicts an effect of sending out a direct mail for a product of a specific brand, including a planned budget acceptance unit 102 that accepts a planned budget of the campaign, a customer master 108 containing properties and turn-away probability of each customer, a condition acceptance unit 112 that accepts a condition for sending the direct mail, a number of DM delivery calculation unit 114 that extracts the customers to whom the condition applies out of the customer master 108 and calculates the number of customers to whom the direct mail may be sent, a plan acceptance unit 116 that accepts a planned number of customers to whom the direct mail should be sent and the expected conversion rate, a unit value table 118 that stores therein a unit value of a brand newly chosen because of the DM and predetermined with respect to each of the properties of the brand of the product, an expected value calculation unit 120 that calculates the number of conversion-expected c

Abstract: In a transmission node, a portion of the control information is separated into M (M is an integer) parts of control information blocks having N (N is an integer) bit length. A control information parity having (8?N) bit length is added to control information block i. The control information block is encoded to M parts of control information having 8 bit length according to a predetermined control information bit array. The control information parity and the control information bit array are set such that Hamming distance of each of the control information code is d, and Hamming distance of the control information 10B code is D (d and D are integers). In a receiving node, the control information code is separated into the control information block and the control information parity. Parity check is performed. When an error is detected, error processing is performed.

Abstract: A sand pile driving method for making a sand pile which does not cause trouble in terms of strength even at a soft point in the actual ground, and enables secure limitation of the increase in total construction time and total amount of sand. A compaction procedure is a procedure for compacting a granule pile 15 by pressing and rotating the casing pipe 13 downward. This is performed based on thrust force P by which the casing pipe presses a granule pile and a driving torque T for rotating the casing pipe against a granule pile.

Abstract: A sand pile driving method for making a sand pile which does not cause trouble in terms of strength even at a soft point in the actual ground, and enables secure limitation of the increase in total construction time and total amount of sand. A compaction procedure is a procedure for compacting a granule pile 15 by pressing and rotating the casing pipe 13 downward. This is performed based on thrust force P by which the casing pipe presses a granule pile and a driving torque T for rotating the casing pipe against a granule pile.

Abstract: In a transmission node, a portion of the control information is separated into M (M is an integer) parts of control information blocks having N (N is an integer) bit length. A control information parity having (8-N) bit length is added to control information block i. The control information block is encoded to M parts of control information having 8 bit length according to a predetermined control information bit array. The control information parity and the control information bit array are set such that Hamming distance of each of the control information code is d, and Hamming distance of the control information 10B code is D (d and D are integers). In a receiving node, the control information code is separated into the control information block and the control information parity. Parity check is performed. When an error is detected, error processing is performed.

Abstract: Each of relay nodes 51 to 5M adds a no-disturbance notification information or a code error notification monitoring information to a received signal so as to transmit it. When a code error 7E occurs in a section between a relay nodes 5i−1 and 5i, the relay node 5i−1 transmits a signal 2 containing the monitoring information to which the signal 1 which is transmitted from the transmitting node is added at a predetermined period of time to the relay node 5i. When a code error 7E occurs in the above-mentioned section, the signal 2 includes an errored code which is caused by the code error 7E. The relay node 5i adds the monitoring information to the signal 2 at a predetermined period of time. When the errored code which is caused by the above-mentioned code 7E is detected in a predetermined time, the monitoring information is added thereto after a predetermined time passes. A signal 3 to which the monitoring information is added is received at a receiving node.

Abstract: A method for predicting reactivity to parathyroid hormone by determining the genotype with respect to polymorphism in the parathyroid hormone receptor gene. The results obtained by the analysis of genetic polymophism are useful for predicting the tendency for a hemodialyzed patient to develop severe secondary hyperparathyroidism, or for predicting the tendency for a human individual to develop severe primary hyperparathyroidism. Also, this method is useful for predicting the therapeutic effects by predicting reactivity to parathyroid hormone in a patient who is being treated for regressive osteoporosis by administration of parathyroid hormone.

Abstract: An optical cross-connect system which can be constructed using the same kind of optical switches having a small extinction ratio and a small number of optical switch driving circuits is provided.

Abstract: The tunable optical filter comprises a pair of optical switches and an arrayed-waveguide grating router that has sixteen input waveguides and sixteen output waveguides. The frequency-division-multiplexed optical signal is directed through the first 1.times.4 optical switch to a selected input waveguide of the router so as to be demultiplexed into output waveguides of the router. The second 1.times.4 optical switch selects one of four output waveguides of the router so as to obtain a selected optical frequency. By appropriately connecting the switches with the input and output waveguides of the router, sixteen combinations of switch states correspond respectively to sixteen frequencies to be passed by the tunable optical filter. As a result, the filter can be tuned digitally to one of sixteen frequencies with small-size (1.times.4) optical switches.

Abstract: An air-conditioner wherein the lubrication oil flowing through the refrigerant passage along with the refrigerant is reliably returned to the refrigerant compressor by having the refrigerant piping at the suction side of the compressor comprised of a first refrigerant piping and a second refrigerant piping connected in series with the same, the large diameter first refrigerant piping extending from a high position to a low position and the relatively small diameter second refrigerant piping extending in substantially the horizontal direction.

Abstract: An alkaline secondary battery comprising a negative comprising cadmium, zinc or iron or an oxide or thereof or a hydrogen absorbing alloy, a positive electrode comprising a metal oxide or a metal hydroxide, and a separator, which are all impregnated with an electrolyte comprising an alkaline aqueous solution is disclosed, wherein the separator is made of a polyolefin fiber sheet which has a wicking rate of pure water of at least 10 mm per 2 minutes when one end of the sheet is dipped in pure water at 20.degree. C. and 60% RH. Since the separator is chemically stable and exhibits sufficient hydrophilic properties, the battery retains a high electrode utilization even at a high rate discharging and has a practically sufficient cycle life.

Abstract: An evaporator comprising a plurality of heat transfer fins arranged mutually parallelly relative to the direction of air current and a multiplicity of louver boards formed by cuts inserted in substrates of said heat transfer fins perpendicularly to the direction of air current and sloped to prescribed angles from said substrates so as to be divided into a plurality of louver groups by the direction of sloping, which evaporator has the louver at the downstream zone of the fins in the direction of air current sloped so that the flow of the water condensate by gravity directs to the direction of an interior of the evaporator.

Abstract: A cell comprising a positive can and a negative collector fitted in the opening of the positive can, a gasket being set in the space between the positive can and the negative collector to prevent the leakage of liquid material from the cell, characterized in that the gasket is made of a synthetic resin composition comprising glass beads. The cell is much improved in its leak-proof properties.

Abstract: A leak-proof cell comprising a positive can and a negative collector fitted in the opening of the positive can, a gasket made of a synthetic resin being set in the space between the positive can and the negative collector to prevent the leakage of any liquid material in the cell, characterized in that the degree of crystallinity of the gasket set in the cell is at least 10% higher than that of the gasket immediately after molding.