Abstract: The invention provides a reflection type liquid crystal device, and a projection type display and electronic equipment in which display defects caused by disclination are reduced, minimized or prevented from being produced for a highly fine liquid crystal display with a space between pixels made to be narrow to make it possible to provide a high-contrast and bright display. A liquid crystal device includes a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate, and a first electrode and a second electrode formed on a face of the above-described second substrate on a side of the above-described liquid crystal layer. The above-described first electrode and the above-described second electrode are formed so that an electric field substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate with respect to the above-described liquid crystal layer can be applied thereto.

Abstract: The invention comprises a pair of substrates having electrodes on the opposing inner surfaces and forming a matrix-patterned dot group, liquid crystals sandwiched between said substrates, at least two colors of color filters, at least one polarizing plate, and a reflective plate. Also, of said color filters, at least one color of color filters has a transmissivity of 50% or more for the light of all the wavelengths in the range of 450 nm to 660 nm.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide a transflective liquid crystal display device that prevents display failure, such as an afterimage and unevenness like stains, and achieves a bright display with a wide viewing angle in both transmissive display and reflective display. The liquid crystal display device of the invention is a vertically-aligned transflective liquid crystal display device having a multigap structure. Each pixel can include, in a dot region, a plurality of islands, and connecting portions for electrically connecting the adjoining islands. Two islands, of the islands, can be disposed in a transmissive display region, and the remaining island is disposed in a reflective display region. A boundary sloping area in which the thickness of a liquid crystal layer continuously changes is disposed right below the connecting portion in the pixel electrode.

Abstract: When a backlight 15 is turned on in a dark environment, white light emerging from the surface of a light guide plate 15b passes through a polarizer 12 and a retardation film 14, enters the interior of the liquid crystal cell, passes through openings of reflective electrodes 7, and is introduced into a liquid crystal layer 3. The light introduced into the liquid crystal layer 3 passes through a color filter 5, emerges from the liquid crystal cell, and passes through the retardation film 13 and the polarizer 11 towards the exterior. In a lighted environment, the light incident on the polarizer 11 passes through the liquid crystal layer 3, is reflected by the reflective electrode 7, and passes through the polarizer 11 again and is emitted towards the exterior.

Abstract: A reflective type color liquid crystal device can include a pair of substrates and a plurality of color filters with colors different from each other, all of the plurality of color filters having an average transmissivity of 70% to 90% for light of all wavelengths in a range of 450 nm to 660 nm. In addition, a reflective type color liquid crystal device can include a pair of opposing substrates, a liquid crystal layer between the substrates, a plurality of dots capable of independently applying voltage to the liquid crystal layer, each dot having a dot area that includes a first section and a second section, a color filter arranged in the first section, and a layer arranged in the second section where the color filter is not arranged, the layer being substantially transparent.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which generation of display defects, such as afterimages or spot-shaped stains, can be reduced or suppressed, and in addition a bright display having a wide viewing angle can be obtained, in a transflective liquid crystal display device. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal layer interposed between a pair of substrates, and a transmissive display area and a reflective display area provided in one dot area. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy representing that an initial alignment state is a vertical alignment, and pixel electrodes to drive the liquid crystal and a common electrode are formed in the liquid crystal layer sides of the pair of substrates, respectively.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal display device capable of realizing a display, which has a high brightness and a wide viewing angle in both transmissive display and reflective display. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a transmissive display region and a reflective display region, and also is formed of liquid crystal with a negative dielectric anisotropy such that an initial alignment state is vertical. Electrodes to drive the liquid crystal are provided with slit-shaped openings and convex portions to regulate the alignment of liquid crystal molecules, and an insulating film to allow the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive display region to be larger than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective display region is formed between a substrate and the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which generation of display defects, such as afterimages or spot-shaped stains, can be reduced or suppressed, and in addition a bright display having a wide viewing angle can be obtained, in a transflective liquid crystal display device. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal layer interposed between a pair of substrates, and a transmissive display area and a reflective display area provided in one dot area. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy representing that an initial alignment state is a vertical alignment, and pixel electrodes to drive the liquid crystal and a common electrode are formed in the liquid crystal layer sides of the pair of substrates, respectively.

Abstract: Ambient light incident upon a polarizer 105 passes through a liquid crystal layer 103 and is then reflected by reflective films 116 via transparent electrodes 115. The reflected light passes again through the liquid crystal layer 103 and the polarizer 105 and is output to the outside thereby displaying an image in a reflective displaying mode. The reflective films 116 are disposed at locations corresponding to the respective transparent electrodes 115 such that they are spaced from each other. In this structure, some ambient light passes through the spaces between adjacent transparent electrodes 115, however, such light is not reflected by the reflective films 116 toward the outside and thus a reduction in contrast due to such reflection is prevented.

Abstract: To provide a transreflective liquid crystal display device that can produce a bright and high-contrast display with a wide viewing angle. A liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal layer held between a pair of substrates and has a transmissive display region and a reflective display region in one dot region. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal being initially vertically aligned and having negative dielectric anisotropy. The pair of substrates have electrodes to drive the liquid crystal on sides facing the liquid crystal layer. The electrodes have openings and protrusions in the transmissive display region and the reflective display region, respectively. The opening areas of the openings and the in-plane occupying areas of the protrusions are larger in the reflective display region than in the transmissive display region.

Abstract: To provide a transflective liquid crystal display device that achieves high-contrast, bright display with a wide viewing angle, a liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal layer between a pair of substrates, and also includes dot regions, each having a transmissive display area and a reflective display area. The liquid crystal layer includes negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals with homeotropic alignment in an initial state. The reflective display area includes an insulation film to form irregularities on a reflective film. The insulation film is also disposed in the transmissive display area and forms irregularities on one of liquid-crystal contact surfaces of the substrates between which the liquid crystal layer is disposed.

Abstract: Ambient light incident upon a polarizer 105 passes through a liquid crystal layer 103 and is then reflected by reflective films 116 via transparent electrodes 115. The reflected light passes again through the liquid crystal layer 103 and the polarizer 105 and is output to the outside thereby displaying an image in a reflective displaying mode. The reflective films 116 are disposed at locations corresponding to the respective transparent electrodes 115 such that they are spaced from each other. In this structure, some ambient light passes through the spaces between adjacent transparent electrodes 115, however, such light is not reflected by the reflective films 116 toward the outside and thus a reduction in contrast due to such reflection is prevented.

Abstract: The invention provides a reflection type liquid crystal device, and a projection type display and electronic equipment in which display defects caused by disclination are reduced, minimized or prevented from being produced for a highly fine liquid crystal display with a space between pixels made to be narrow to make it possible to provide a high-contrast and bright display. A liquid crystal device includes a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate, and a first electrode and a second electrode formed on a face of the above-described second substrate on a side of the above-described liquid crystal layer. The above-described first electrode and the above-described second electrode are formed so that an electric field substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate with respect to the above-described liquid crystal layer can be applied thereto.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display that can provide a display with high contrast in both the transmissive mode display and the reflective mode display as a transflective liquid crystal display, and an electronic appliance provided therewith. The liquid crystal display can include a liquid crystal layer of a nematic liquid crystal with positive anisotropy of dielectric constant held between a pair of substrates in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that areas used for the display in the liquid crystal layer includes individual areas having at least two kinds of different liquid crystal layer thickness, the individual areas of different liquid crystal layer thickness are either a reflective display unit or a transmissive display unit, a reflective means is disposed on the reflective display unit, and a transparent resin layer is formed in a portion except a portion corresponding to the transmissive display unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a display panel and a viewing angle control panel. The viewing angle control panel includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, and a pair of electrodes for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer is composed from hybrid-aligned liquid crystal molecules. The viewing angle of the display panel is controlled by changing an alignment state of the hybrid-aligned liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by voltage applied by the electrodes.

Abstract: A polarizer is provided on the upper side of a liquid crystal panel, and a light scattering member and a polarized light separator are provided in turn on the lower side of the liquid crystal panel. Of light incident on the upper side of the polarized light separator, a linearly polarized light component parallel to the drawings is transmitted, a linearly polarized light component perpendicular to the drawings is reflected, and for light incident on the lower side thereof, a linearly polarized light component parallel to the drawings can be emitted upward. When the switch is off, the external light incident on the display device is reflected by the polarized light separator to obtain a bright display, and when the switch is on, the incident external light is transmitted through the polarized light separator to obtain a dark display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device capable of obtaining a high contrast ratio within a range of entry angles of source light to an optical modulation device of a projection display apparatus has a liquid crystal panel operating in a twisted nematic mode, a first optical compensating plate disposed at the light-entry side of the liquid crystal panel, and a second optical compensating plate disposed at the light-exit side thereof. The respective optical compensating plates hybrid-aligns liquid crystal molecules having a negative birefringence, a phase retardation in the normal direction thereof of 10 nm or more and 30 nm or less, and fast axis directions, as seen in the respective normal directions, intersect each other at an angle other than a right angle.

Abstract: The invention comprises a pair of substrates having electrodes on the opposing inner surfaces and forming a matrix-patterned dot group, liquid crystals sandwiched between said substrates, at least two colors of color filters, at least one polarizing plate, and a reflective plate. Also, of said color filters, at least one color of color filters has a transmissivity of 50% or more for the light of all the wavelengths in the range of 450 nm to 660 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display that can provide a display with high contrast in both the transmissive mode display and the reflective mode display as a transflective liquid crystal display, and an electronic appliance provided therewith. The liquid crystal display can include a liquid crystal layer of a nematic liquid crystal with positive anisotropy of dielectric constant held between a pair of substrates in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that areas used for the display in the liquid crystal layer includes individual areas having at least two kinds of different liquid crystal layer thickness, the individual areas of different liquid crystal layer thickness are either a reflective display unit or a transmissive display unit, a reflective means is disposed on the reflective display unit, and a transparent resin layer is formed in a portion except a portion corresponding to the transmissive display unit.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device capable of enhancing a response speed and display characteristics in a specific viewing angle direction. In a liquid crystal display device of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a vertical alignment type liquid crystal layer is interposed between a pair of substrates, and display is performed in predetermined dot regions (D1, D2, and D3). A plurality of sub-dot regions (island-shaped portions) are provided in the dot region D1, and the plurality of sub-dot regions is electrically connected to each other by connecting portions in the dot region D1. Each sub-dot region is provided with a convex portion to regulate the alignment direction of the vertically aligned liquid crystal molecules such that the liquid crystal molecules, are inclined substantially in a radial direction around the convex portion, and the convex portion is arranged so as to deviate from the center of the sub-dot region.