Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing phosphorus pentafluoride, including mixing and reacting phosphorus trichloride and chlorine with a large excess of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride liquid, thereby producing phosphorus pentafluoride, wherein heat of reaction generated through the production of phosphorus pentafluoride is removed with latent heat of evaporation of hydrogen fluoride. It is preferable that the anhydrous hydrogen fluoride liquid is circulated, and, in this state, phosphorus trichloride and chlorine are mixed with the anhydrous hydrogen fluoride liquid. Furthermore, it is also preferable that the anhydrous hydrogen fluoride liquid is circulated along a circulation path, or that the anhydrous hydrogen fluoride liquid is circulated through stirring in a reaction vessel.

Abstract: In a method for gas-flow carrying a solid particle, the solid particle includes a solid substance generating a dissociation equilibrium reaction that dissociates at least one type of gas component, and the solid particle is carried by a gas flow containing the gas component. The average particle diameter of the solid particle is preferably 0.1-1.0 mm. The solid particle is preferably carried by the gas flow in the state of a suspended flow, a fluidized flow, or a plug flow. The solid particle preferably includes a solid substance to generate a dissociation equilibrium reaction that dissociates at least one gas component and at least one solid component, and the solid particle is preferably carried by the gas flow in a carrying pipe and the solid particle or the solid component that has adhered to the interior surface of the carrying pipe is removed by the gas flow.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for purifying a difluorophosphate, the method including mixing a difluorophosphate containing an impurity with at least one treatment agent selected from the group consisting of carbonates, hydroxides, and halides of alkali metals or alkali earth metals and amines to isolate the impurity. It is preferable that the method further include filtering off, by filtration, a salt or a complex that has been formed by allowing the impurity to be mixed with the treatment agent. Preferably, a carbonate, a hydroxide, or a halide of an alkali metal is used as the treatment agent, and more preferably a carbonate, a hydroxide, or a halide of lithium is used as the treatment agent.

Abstract: In a method for gas-flow carrying a solid particle, the solid particle includes a solid substance generating a dissociation equilibrium reaction that dissociates at least one type of gas component, and the solid particle is carried by a gas flow containing the gas component. The average particle diameter of the solid particle is preferably 0.1-1.0 mm. The solid particle is preferably carried by the gas flow in the state of a suspended flow, a fluidized flow, or a plug flow. The solid particle preferably includes a solid substance to generate a dissociation equilibrium reaction that dissociates at least one gas component and at least one solid component, and the solid particle is preferably carried by the gas flow in a carrying pipe and the solid particle or the solid component that has adhered to the interior surface of the carrying pipe is removed by the gas flow.

Abstract: In this method for producing phosphorus pentafluoride, phosphorus trichloride and chlorine are mixed with and reacted with an anhydrous hydrogen fluoride fluid in large excess thereof to produce phosphorus pentafluoride, and the heat of reaction generated from the generation of the phosphorus pentafluoride is eliminated by evaporative latent heat of hydrogen fluoride. It is preferable that the anhydrous hydrogen fluoride fluid is circulated and under that condition, phosphorus trichloride and chlorine are mixed with the anhydrous hydrogen fluoride fluid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for purifying a difluorophosphate, the method including mixing a difluorophosphate containing an impurity with at least one treatment agent selected from the group consisting of carbonates, hydroxides, and halides of alkali metals or alkali earth metals and amines to isolate the impurity. It is preferable that the method further include filtering off, by filtration, a salt or a complex that has been formed by allowing the impurity to be mixed with the treatment agent. Preferably, a carbonate, a hydroxide, or a halide of an alkali metal is used as the treatment agent, and more preferably a carbonate, a hydroxide, or a halide of lithium is used as the treatment agent.

Abstract: Provided are a nonaqueous electrolyte for secondary batteries containing an electrolyte having high solubility in ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, or a like solvent and capable of forming a good-quality film on the positive and the negative electrode interface and a nonaqueous secondary battery having the nonaqueous electrolyte. Specifically, an electrolyte for secondary batteries containing a lithium salt as a solute and a nonaqueous solvent is provided, the nonaqueous solvent containing a monofluorophosphoric ester salt having general formula 1 or 2, in which symbols are as defined in the description.

Abstract: Provided are, a nonaqueous electrolytic solution for secondary batteries that has excellent oxidation resistance, prevents reaction between itself and electrodes, is resistant to decomposition under high-voltage conditions, and is capable of reducing the capacity decrease of and gas evolution in a secondary battery; and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the nonaqueous electrolytic solution. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution for secondary batteries comprises a nonaqueous solvent comprising an ester having 3,3,3-trifluoropropionate groups represented by the following formula 1: (wherein n represents an integer of 1 to 20.) a fluorinated cyclic carbonate that is 4-fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) or a derivative thereof, and at least one selected from a cyclic carbonate, a chain carbonate, and a fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester; and a lithium salt as an electrolyte.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a non-aqueous electrolyte that is for a secondary battery and that contains an electrolyte that forms a quality coating film at a cathode and anode boundary surface and has high solubility in ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, and the like; and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that uses the non-aqueous electrolyte. Specifically, provided is an electrolyte that is for a secondary battery and that is characterized by containing a lithium salt as a solute and a non-aqueous solvent containing a monofluorophosphate ester represented by general formula 1 or 2. The details of general formula 1 and 2 are as set forth in the description of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery wherein a reaction between a non-aqueous electrolyte and an electrode is suppressed and decrease in battery capacity under high temperature is restricted, so that long time excellent battery characteristics can be obtained. A non-aqueous solvent of the non-aqueous electrolyte contains: chain fluorinated carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula R1-CH2—COO—R2 where R1 represents hydrogen or alkyl group and R2 represents alkyl group and the sum of the carbon numbers of R1 and R2 is 3 or less, and in the case that R1 is hydrogen, at least one part of hydrogen in R2 is replaced with fluorine, and, in the case that R1 is alkyl group, at least one part of hydrogen in R1 and/or R2 is replaced with fluorine; and a film forming chemical compound decomposed in the range of +1.0 to 3.0 V based on an equilibrium potential between metal lithium and lithium ion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a positive electrode active material that has rate characteristics suitable for nonaqueous electrolyte batteries and particularly nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, a method by which this positive electrode active material can be easily mass produced, and a high-performance nonaqueous electrolyte battery that has a positive electrode active material obtained by this method. The present invention relates to a method of producing a positive electrode active material, the method comprising a step of mixing a carbon source with lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4 or a compound LiMn1-xMxPO4 (where, 0?x<1 and M is at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ti, Sn, Zr, V, and Al) containing lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4 as a solid solution composition, and heat treating the obtained mixture under an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous solvent and lithium salt as an electrolyte, and wherein the non-aqueous solvent contains chain fluorinated carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula CH3COOCH2CH3-xFx (wherein x is 2 or 3) and a film forming chemical decomposed in the range of +1.0 to 3.0 V based on an equilibrium potential between metal lithium and lithium ion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an olivine-type positive electrode active material that is an inexpensive and very safe positive electrode active material that also exhibits excellent battery properties even at high energy densities. The present invention also provides a method of producing this olivine-type positive electrode active material and a nonaqueous electrolyte battery that has a positive electrode that contains this olivine-type positive electrode active material. The present invention relates to a positive electrode active material that comprises an olivine-type lithium manganese phosphate compound represented by the following general formula (1) LixMnyMaPO4??(1) (in the formula, 0<x<2, 0<y<1, 0<a<1, and M is at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ti, Sn, Zr, V, and Al) and that has a particle diameter of 10 to 500 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides an olivine-type positive electrode active material that is an inexpensive and very safe positive electrode active material that also exhibits excellent battery properties even at high energy densities. The present invention also provides a method of producing this olivine-type positive electrode active material and a nonaqueous electrolyte battery that has a positive electrode that contains this olivine-type positive electrode active material. The present invention relates to a positive electrode active material that comprises an olivine-type lithium manganese phosphate compound represented by the following general formula (1) LixMnyMaPO4??(1) (in the formula, 0<x<2, 0<y<1, 0<a<1, and M is at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ti, Sn, Zr, V, and Al) and that has a particle diameter of 10 to 500 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery wherein a reaction between a non-aqueous electrolyte and an electrode is suppressed and decrease in battery capacity under high temperature is restricted, so that long time excellent battery characteristics can be obtained. A non-aqueous solvent of the non-aqueous electrolyte contains: chain fluorinated carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula R1-CH2—COO—R2 where R1 represents hydrogen or alkyl group and R2 represents alkyl group and the sum of the carbon numbers of R1 and R2 is 3 or less, and in the case that R1 is hydrogen, at least one part of hydrogen in R2 is replaced with fluorine, and, in the case that R1 is alkyl group, at least one part of hydrogen in R1 and/or R2 is replaced with fluorine; and a film forming chemical compound decomposed in the range of +1.0 to 3.0 V based on an equilibrium potential between metal lithium and lithium ion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous solvent and lithium salt as an electrolyte, and wherein the non-aqueous solvent contains chain fluorinated carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula CH3COOCH2CH3-xFx (wherein x is 2 or 3) and a film forming chemical decomposed in the range of +1.0 to 3.0 V based on an equilibrium potential between metal lithium and lithium ion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a positive electrode active material that has rate characteristics suitable for nonaqueous electrolyte batteries and particularly nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, a method by which this positive electrode active material can be easily mass produced, and a high-performance nonaqueous electrolyte battery that has a positive electrode active material obtained by this method. The present invention relates to a method of producing a positive electrode active material, the method comprising a step of mixing a carbon source with lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4 or a compound LiMn1-xMxPO4 (where, 0?x<1 and M is at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ti, Sn, Zr, V, and Al) containing lithium manganese phosphate LiMnPO4 as a solid solution composition, and heat treating the obtained mixture under an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: An ionic liquid of the present invention is “an ionic liquid comprising an organic substance represented by the following general formula (1) as a cation component” and “an ionic liquid comprising a cation component and an anion component, and the cation component is one or plural kinds selected from the group consisting of cation components represented by the following formula (1)”.

Abstract: Ionic liquids exhibit a stable liquid state even at low temperatures and have a good conductivity. The ionic liquids each contain an organic compound represented by the following formula (1) as a cation. In the formula, R1 to R5 may be the same as or different from each other and each represents an H, a halogen, or a C1 to C10 alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, heterocyclic group, aryl group or alkoxyalkyl group; X and Y may be the same as or different from each other and each represents an N or a P; Z represents an S or an O.

Abstract: Fluorinated pentacene derivatives, for example, the novel compounds tetradecafluoropentacene, 5,6,7,12,13,14-hexafluoropentacene, 5,7,12,14-tetrafluoropentacene, and 6,13-difluoropentacene, and intermediates therefor are provided. And a method of producing fluorinated pentacene derivatives and intermediates therefor is also provided. Pentacene derivatives fluorinated at desired positions of the pentacene skeleton are obtained by introducing the oxo group, hydroxyl group, or alkoxyl group into the pentacene skeleton followed by fluorination with sulfur tetrafluoride and partial defluorination using a reducing agent.