Abstract: In a method for manufacturing an LCD device where a gate insulating layer is formed on an insulating substrate and a signal line pattern layer and a pixel electrode pattern layer are formed on a signal line forming area and a pixel electrode forming area, respectively, of the gate insulating layer, a part of the gate insulating layer between the signal line forming area and the pixel electrode forming area is etched.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display apparatus including a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of drain lines, and a plurality of pixels each including a liquid crystal cell having a pixel electrode connected to a storage capacitor and a switching element connected between the liquid crystal cell and one of the drain lines, a gate of the switching element is connected to one of the gate lines, and a capacitance of the storage capacitor is changed in accordance with a distance between said pixel and an input end of a corresponding one of the gate lines.

Abstract: In a large-sized liquid crystal display panel formed through multiple time exposure using a single mask, the storage capacity between a gate and a source of TFT is adjusted by making an offset for exposure at the exposure connecting portion to decrease variations in the feedthrough voltage in a screen. Further, by preparing the layout of an exposure mask such that the overlap area between a gate signal wire or a storage wire and a pixel electrode is made smaller the farther the overlap area is from a gate signal input part. By making the overlap area smaller, the storage capacity is made smaller, which decreases the variation of the feedthrough voltage in the single exposure area.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display having first and second substrate portions, a liquid crystal layer (#107) held therebetween, and a light-shielding metal film (#401) arranged in the second substrate portion in a matrix pattern and split into a plurality of film pieces (#401a and #401b) electrically isolated from one another. The matrix pattern is partitioned into each frame defined by two pairs of opposite ones of the film pieces. A nonconductive opaque resin (#402) is formed in a gap between the metal film patterns.

Abstract: There is provided a method of fabricating a thin film transistor array having a transparent insulating substrate, a plurality of thin film transistors formed on the substrate in a matrix, a gate bus line connected to gate electrodes of the thin film transistors, a drain bus line connected to drain electrodes of the thin film transistors, and a pixel electrode driven by the thin film transistors, the method including the steps of forming the gate electrode and the gate bus line on the transparent insulating substrate, forming a gate insulating film over the substrate, forming an operative semiconductor on the gate insulating film, forming the source electrodes, drain electrodes, and drain bus line of the thin film transistors on the gate insulating film and the operative semiconductor, forming a protection film all over the substrate, removing a portion of both the gate insulating film and the protection film, located above a terminal of the gate bus line, and also removing a portion of the protection film loc

Abstract: An active-matrix liquid crystal display device applies a voltage modulated with a high-frequency AC voltage to a common electrode disposed on a substrate which confronts a substrate having a plurality of thin-film transistors as switching elements for pixel electrodes. The modulated voltage applied to the common electrode is effective to reduce the phenomenon of a residual image retained for a long period of time; thereby improving the quality of displayed images.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing an LCD device where a gate insulating layer is formed on an insulating substrate and a signal line pattern layer and a pixel electrode pattern layer are formed on a signal line forming area and a pixel electrode forming area, respectively, of the gate insulating layer, a part of the gate insulating layer between the signal line forming area and the pixel electrode forming area is etched.

Abstract: An LCD device that is able to remove the luminance unevenness on the display area while preventing the short-circuit and open-circuit is provided. The LCD device includes a liquid-crystal panel having first and second substrates and liquid crystal filled in a space formed between the first and second substrates. Pixel electrodes are formed on the first substrate and are arranged in a matrix array in a display area of the panel. Driving lines are formed on the first substrate in the display area and are electrically connected to the respective pixel electrodes. Terminal areas are formed on the first substrate outside the display area. Driver ICs are mounted on the first substrate outside the display area and are electrically connected to the corresponding terminal areas. Connection lines are formed on the first substrate outside the display area and are electrically connected to the respective driving lines and the corresponding terminal areas.

Abstract: The active matrix type liquid crystal display device has a plurality of liquid crystal elements. Each liquid crystal element has a transistor section, a transistor side conductive light shielding film electrically connected to the transistor section, and a liquid crystal element having an opposing electrode coupled to the transistor section. There are a first potential terminal connected to the opposing electrode and a second potential terminal connected to the transistor side conductive light shielding film with a potential applied by the first potential terminal being independent from a potential applied by the second potential terminal. With this arrangement, the lateral field components around the pixel portion, which become a cause for the reverse tilt of the liquid crystal, are relatively reduced with respect to the vertical field components, thus reducing the disclination and providing excellent display characteristics without residual images.

Abstract: Light shield areas 20 are formed between terminal groups 15 in a side near outgoing line groups in a display portion of a liquid crystal panel. This configuration is useful for reducing uneven brightness in a horizontal direction in the side near the outgoing lines in the display portion so as to improve the display quality.

Abstract: In an active matrix liquid-crystal display apparatus, in order to increase display quality, compensator capacitance is provided to compensate pixel voltage fluctuation resulted from increase of parasitic capacitance caused by light shield film. A capacitance film is fabricated between a pixel electrode and the adjacent image signal line to provide compensator capacitance. Signals are supplied to each image signal line that a positive electric voltage and a negative electric voltage are applied to the liquid-crystal layer of the adjacent pixels along the scan signal line, alternately from pixels to pixels. The compensator capacitance is set to approximately the same as parasitic capacitance caused by the light shield film so that modulation noise caused by the light shield film is offset by modulation noise caused by the compensator capacitance when the adjacent image signal line is in opposite phase. Thus the voltage fluctuation of the pixel electrode can be compensated.

Abstract: A lower layer metal wiring is led out from a display portion to a terminal portion provided to the periphery of the glass substrate and covered at the upper surface with an interlayer insulation film. An upper layer metal wiring formed on the interlayer insulation film is connected to the lower layer metal wiring by way of contact holes formed in the interlayer insulation film. The upper layer metal wiring is completely covered by the transparent conductive film. A protective insulation film is formed on the transparent conductive film, and an opening is made in to the protective insulation film in the terminal portion. In the terminal portion, copper foil wirings of a flexible wiring substrate are connected by way of an anisotropic conductive film. The upper layer metal wiring is removed at a portion not protected by the protective insulation film or the anisotropic conductive film.

Abstract: In an active matrix liquid crystal display panel, each pixel electrode is connected to a first drain bus line through a thin film transistor which is formed adjacent to an intersection between the first drain bus line and an orthogonal gate bus line. A compensating capacitor lower electrode extends from the gate bus line at a position near to a second drain bus line which is adjacent to the pixel electrode in such a manner that the pixel electrode is positioned between the first and second drain bus lines. A compensating capacitor upper electrode is formed integrally with a source electrode of the thin film transistor, to extend along the pixel electrode so as to overlap above the compensating capacitor lower electrode through an insulator layer. Thus, a compensating capacitor is formed of the compensating capacitor lower and upper electrodes and is connected to a gate-source capacitance of the thin film transistor.

Abstract: In an active matrix liquid crystal display device incorporates a plurality of thin-film transistors, drain lines, and display electrodes of a conductive material. Compensating lines of the conductive material are wider than the drain lines and are formed on the drain lines simultaneously with the display electrodes. A predetermined distance is defined between the display electrode and the compensating line for each of the thin-film transistors. The predetermined distance is further defined between the display electrode for one of the thin-film transistors and the compensating line for an adjacent one of the thin-film transistors. The adjacent one of the thin-film transistors is nearer to the display electrode for the thin-film transistor in question rather than the drain line for the thin-film transistor in question.

Abstract: In a thin film transistor formed by a gate electrode formed on a transparent insulating substrate, a semiconductor active layer opposing the gate electrode, a drain electrode, and a source electrode connected to a transparent pixel electrode, an optical shield layer is located so as to approximately surround the semiconductor active layer.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus for illuminating a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel from behind is disclosed, wherein the LCD panel, when illuminated uniformly, exhibits asymmetric contrast ratios as viewed in a vertical direction. The apparatus comprises a light guide panel having a multitude of light reflecting dots on a reflecting surface opposite to the LCD panel, and a light source for injecting light into the light guide panel in a horizontal direction through a first edge of the light guide panel, so that the light propagates through the light guide panel toward the opposite edge of the panel and irregularly reflects off the dots toward the liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display panel includes a matrix of pixel electrodes, data lines connected to the pixel electrodes by first MIM diodes, respectively, address lines, a liquid crystal layer inserted between the pixel electrodes and the address lines, a wiring and second protective MIM diodes connected between the wiring and the data lines.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display panel has a glass substrate, a plurality of rows of gate electrode provided on the glass substrate, a plurality of columns of drain electrode provided on the glass substrate, a plurality of pixel electrodes provided corresponding to each of the intersections of a matrix formed by the gate electrodes and the drain electrodes, a first and second insulating films that are provided between the gate electrodes, the drain electrodes, and the pixel electrodes in order to isolate them with each other, and a plurality of thin film transistors in which drains are connected to the drain electrodes and sources are connected to each of the plurality of pixel electrodes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thin film transistor comprises the steps of forming a gate electrode on one surface of a transparent substrate, forming on the substrate an insulating layer and a semiconductor layer in the named order to cover the gate electrode, and depositing a positive photoresist layer on the semiconductor layer. Thereafter, the photoresist layer is exposed by irradiating from the other surface of the substrate so as to use the gate electrode as a mask. Therefore, if the positive photoresist layer is developed, the unexposed portion remains on the semiconductor layer to correspond to the gate electrode. Then, the semiconductor layer is etched using the remaining photoresist as a mask so as to form a semiconductor island on the insulating layer, and source and drain electrodes are formed on the semiconductor island.

Abstract: An optical pumping laser system is provided with a resonator suitable for a continuous oscillation having a relatively low gain. The laser system comprises an optical plate such as an etalon plate functioning as a Brewster plate with respect to a pumping beam and also functioning as a reflection mirror with respect to an oscillation laser beam, and a total reflection mirror spaced apart from the optical element so as to define a laser amplification region. The laser system further comprises an output mirror arranged relative to the optical plate to output the oscillation laser beam separated from the pumping beam by the optical element functioning as the reflection mirror. Thus, this laser system provides a uniform pumping of a laser medium having a relatively large cross-section, thus providing improved excitation efficiency and mode quality.