Abstract: A chassis is provided with a pair of leading guide blocks slidably fitted in respective guide slots for withdrawing a tape from a cassette, loading links for slidingly moving the respective guide blocks, and catchers arranged on the chassis at a loading completed position for the respective guide blocks to come into pressing contact with. Each of the loading links comprises a pivotal lever rotatably fitting around a pivot on the chassis and a link plate connected by a pivot pin to a free end of the pivotal lever and rotatably engaged at a forward end thereof with the guide block. The chassis is formed with apertures permitting insertion of the respective guide blocks therein, each covered with the catcher and each communicating with the guide slot.

Abstract: A front mechanism mounted on a chassis loads a cassette in place by causing a first projection and a second projection on each of opposite side portions of a cassette carrying tray to slide along respective guide grooves formed in each of side plates. Power is transmitted from a drive cam gear provided on the rear side of the chassis to the tray via a drive mechanism, intermediate gear and rotary gear. For loading, the tray initially starts to move as inclined with the first projection and the second projection sliding along slanting grooves and is thereafter lowered by sliding movement of the projection along a vertical groove and sliding movement of the projection along a descent groove while being corrected from the inclined position to a horizontal position. Upon completion of cassette loading, the intermediate gear and the rotary gear constitute a Geneva stop, and the drive cam gear disengages from the drive mechanism.

Abstract: A chassis is slidably provided with a circular-arc control slide bulging toward a rotary cylinder and having projections spaced apart from each other. Reel supports and a reel drive mechanism are arranged on the curving-in side of the slide. Disposed on the path of movement of the slide is a drive cam gear formed with cam grooves each extending from an outer peripheral opening toward its center. The slide is formed thereon with a toothed projection which meshes with the cam gear during a period after one of the projections is fitted in the corresponding cam groove and until the other projection is fitted in the corresponding cam groove.

Abstract: In a method of detecting optical axis of a headlamp, according to the present invention, an image of the light projected onto the screen is segmented grid by grid on the reference grid plane, a test window set in the reference grid plane is moved and the illuminance of the light incident upon a CCD corresponding to each grid in a test window B set in the reference grid plane is integrated each time the test window B is moved, and the center of the test window C when the integrated illuminance reaches a maximum value is detected as the optical axis position. According to the present invention, it is possible to positively detect an headlamp optical axis even if a plurality of hot zones exists.

Abstract: In the apparatus for measuring optical-axis deflection angle of a headlight, according to the present invention, the optical-axis detecting means (3) detects the optical axis (l") of the light projected at the first location (E.sub.1) from the headlight (7), and the screen box moving mechanism (2) moves until the position of the optical axis (l") coincides with the center of the screen (9). Then, the screen box is stopped there. Next, the screen moving mechanism (10) is put into operation to move the screen (9) from the first location (E.sub.1) to the second location (E.sub.2), the optical-axis detecting means (3) detects the optical axis (l") from the light projected onto the screen (9), and the controlling means (6) makes a predetermined calculation from the information on the optical-axis position, thereby calculating a deflection angle (.alpha..sub.1, .alpha..sub.2) of the optical axis.

Abstract: In a method of regulating optical axes of headlights for an automotive vehicle so that a light intensity boundary of low beam of headlights lies within a predetermined range displayed on a monitor TV, light intensity boundary points are detected along vertical lines arranged at predetermined picture element intervals in the horizontal direction; the detected boundary points are connected to determine a light intensity boundary line composed of horizontal and inclined lines; and the optical axes of the headlights are so regulated that the determined light intensity boundary line lies within the predetermined range on the monitor TV, thus enabling the headlight regulating work to be effected automatically for each vehicle at high speed and high reliability.

Abstract: A tape loading/unloading arrangement for use in a magnetic recording and/or reproducing apparatus, such as an 8 mm video cassette recorder, includes a pair of tape guides which pull a portion of a tape out of a tape cassette so as to extend it around a tilted guide cylinder. An improvement is made to the tape guide which comprises a support plate, an upright post perpendicularly mounted on the support plate, a slanted post mounted on the support plate adjacent the upright post for movement closely adjacent a surface of the guide cylinder, and an auxiliary post movably mounted on the support plate and adapted to be located, during the movement of the support plate between home- and operating-positions, in front of a common tangent face to the upright post and the slanted post, which common tangent face is located on the side of said upright and slanted posts facing the operating-position, but is located, when the support plate terminates at the operating-position, behind the common tangent face.

Abstract: A tape loading mechanism for helically winding a tape around a guide cylinder by drawing the tape out of a tape cassette, including a tape take-off pin functioning also as a pin for detecting tension of the tape, a tape loading device for winding the tape around the guide cylinder over a predetermined winding angle, a cam driven in response to displacement of the tape loading device and formed with a cam groove, a shaft and a back tension lever pivotal about the shaft and provided with the tape take-off pin. The back tension lever is operatively associated with the cam groove so as to be controlled in its pivotal movement.