Abstract: A bubble generation device intermittently generates large bubbles in a liquid phase. The bubble generation device includes a bubble storing container, a pivot, and a pair of edge portion receivers. The bubble storing container stores bubbles generated by a gas supply nozzle in the liquid. The pivot allows the bubble storing container to pivot thereon, thereby releasing the large bubbles from the bubble storing container. The pair of edge portion receivers receives and blocks an edge portion of the bubble storing container to limit pivot of the bubble storing container. An inside of the bubble storing container is partitioned by a partition that is installed in an axial direction of the pivot.

Abstract: It is to intermittently and effectively generate large bubbles in a liquid phase. A bubble generation device 1 intermittently generates large bubbles a2 in a liquid phase. The bubble generation device 1 includes a bubble storing container 3, a pivot 4, and a pair of edge portion receivers 5a, 5b. The bubble storing container 3 stores bubbles a1 generated by a gas supply nozzle 2 in the liquid. The pivot 4 allows the bubble storing container 3 to pivot thereon, thereby releasing the large bubbles a2 from the bubble storing container 3. The pair of edge portion receivers 5a, 5b receives and blocks an edge portion of the bubble storing container 3 to limit pivot of the bubble storing container 3. An inside of the bubble storing container 3 is partitioned by a partition 30 that is installed in an axial direction of the pivot 4.

Abstract: An image reader includes a fight source projecting a light onto an original, and first and second photoelectric conversion elements arranged so that the first photoelectric conversion element reads first half of the original in a scanning direction and the second photoelectric conversion element reads the second half and that a first read signal of the first half of the original is transferred, starting from a center of the original, from the first photoelectric conversion element and a second read signal of the second half of the original is transferred, starting from the center, from the second photoelectric conversion element. An imaging lens projects a reflected light reflected by the original onto the two photoelectric conversion elements. A driver circuit drives the first and second photoelectric conversion elements so that the first and second read signals are output from the first and second photoelectric conversion elements, respectively.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a photoelectric conversion element which has a plurality of cells, the plurality of cells including shielded cells which are optically shielded so that each shielded cell outputs only the dark signal, a dark signal data generating system for generating dark signal data for each cell of the photoelectric conversion element, the dark signal data corresponding to a ratio of an image signal output from each cell under a no-exposure condition to a first reference dark signal which is obtained based on the dark signals output from the shielded cells under the no-exposure condition, a dark signal data memory for storing the dark signal data for each cell, a dark signal component generating system for generating a dark signal component for each cell, the dark signal component corresponding to a product of the dark signal data for each cell multiplied by a second reference dark signal which is obtained based on the dark signals output from the shielded cells under the exposure condi

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a photoelectric conversion element which has a plurality of cells, the plurality of cells including shielded cells which are optically shielded so that each shielded cell outputs only the dark signal, a dark signal data generating system for generating dark signal data for each cell of the photoelectric conversion element, the dark signal data corresponding to a ratio of an image signal output from each cell under a no-exposure condition to a first reference dark signal which is obtained based on the dark signals output from the shielded cells under the no-exposure condition, a dark signal data memory for storing the dark signal data for each cell, a dark signal component generating system for generating a dark signal component for each cell, the dark signal component corresponding to a product of the dark signal data for each cell multiplied by a second reference dark signal which is obtained based on the dark signals output from the shielded cells under the exposure condi

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for processing an image signal generated in an image reading apparatus comprising a light source for illuminating a document, an optical system, and an optical detector for detecting a light which is reflected at a reading point on the document and passes through the optical system and for outputting an image signal corresponding to an amount of light detected thereby are disclosed. A secondary light source effect function which describes a degree that a light reflected at each point other than the reading point on the document affects the image signal corresponding to the reading point is obtained. The image signal output from the optical detector is corrected based on the secondary light source effect function and an image signal corresponding to each point so that a component corresponding to a light which is reflected at each point other than the reading point and affects the image signal corresponding to the reading point is eliminated from the image signal.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus having a line sensor for supplying an image signal in accordance with a brightness of a specified region of an original document along a main scan line, the line sensor having a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements aligned along a main scan line.

Abstract: An ozone generator includes a feed gas chamber for receiving a feed gas, an ozone gas chamber for receiving a produced ozone gas, a tubular electrode for connecting the two chambers, a discharge tube inserted in the tubular electrode, and a power source unit for applying a voltage having a frequency higher than a frequency of commercial power between a metal film and the tubular electrode to generate a discharge having a frequency higher than the frequency of commercial power. The discharge tube is constituted by a glass tube and the metal film coated on the inner surface of the glass tube. The metal film is made of stainless steel in order to improve an ozone resistance and a nitric acid resistance and is formed to have a thickness of 2,0000 .ANG. to 5,000 .ANG. in order to prevent generation of sparks and to enhance a thermal shock resistance.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus for eliminating the crosstalk component from an adjacent track of a tape of a VTR and obtaining a high picture quality. Chrominance signals in the base band which are produced by a low frequency conversion chroma signal are supplied to comb-shaped filters which are used in the magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus. The chrominance signals in the base band are obtained by generating carriers synchronized with a burst signal of the low frequency conversion chroma signal including the jitter component upon reproduction and by multiplying the carriers and the low frequency conversion chroma signal. A burst signal portion between the resultant chrominance signals in the base band is applied as a frequency control input signal to an oscillator as the carrier generating source, so that desired carriers are derived. Thus, the frequency fluctuation is eliminated from the converted chrominance signal in the base band and the high picture quality can be realized.

Abstract: A chrominance signal recording and reproducing circuit for a video tape recorder in which a frequency-modulated luminance signal and a low-frequency converted chrominance signal are mixed to be recorded and reproduced. A sideband emphasis type dynamic emphasis circuit composed of a diode limiter circuitry and an LC trap circuitry is provided in a recording system for recording the chrominance signal, while a sideband deemphasis circuit composed of at least a diode limiter circuitry and an LC trap circuitry is provided in a chrominance signal reproducing system. A circuit configuration is adopted in which the functions of the emphasis circuit and the deemphasis circuit are exchangeably performed by a common circuit.