Abstract: A reliable communication protocol RUDP is provided to transfer data between two systems connected in a network. Working over the unreliable UDP transport layer protocol, the RUDP protocol adds an acknowledging mechanism to otherwise unreliable UDP packets. Contrary to the TCP transport layer protocol, which establishes a connection before any data transfer, the RUDP is used to transfer short amounts of information or messages, so a connectionless communication is used. In a connectionless context the complexity of the encoding-decoding algorithm and the amount of memory consumed by the protocol is reduced. Such characteristics makes the RUDP protocol suitable for its implementation in systems with limited memory and speed, like low processing power 8-bit microcontrollers. Furthermore, by programming the RUDP protocol over the UDP protocol, its implementation in a personal computer can be made with common programming tools.

Abstract: Network interoperability is presently limited due to the existence of many different and often incompatible hardware implementations and communication protocols, where products from competing manufacturers are often not interoperable; and due to the number of protocols already in existence, there is little hope that standards can fully solve the problem in a reasonable time span. Vast potential benefits could be reaped if networks of various types could be accessed and shared regardless of their underlying network protocols and/or physical media, and also increased or unlimited interconnectivity would greatly increase the value of networks. The present invention proposes a novel method to achieve network protocol independence, consisting of a protocol-independent network communications model, that allows communication between device nodes belonging in networks based on diverse physical architectures and protocols, which can therefore be regarded together as hybrid networks.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a method for collision avoidance in local Ethernet networks, such as a home automation network, having a personal computer and a plurality of control devices attached. In such a network, when a management message is broadcast from the host personal computer to all connected control devices, each one of such devices must reply with a response to the host computer. There is, however, a probability that responses might collide, leading to data loss. The present invention discloses a method to generate delayed responses to the sender from each control device, where an individual device's delay is computed in accordance to a unique value contained in its MAC address. The method will guarantee different delay times for all attached control devices, and hence a collision-free operation.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a novel method to achieve network protocol independence in which communication between interconnected network device nodes may be carried out regardless of the underlying network protocol and/or media.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method for collision avoidance in Ethernet networks, such as home automation networks, with both personal computers and control devices attached to it. Ethernet hubs are considered as the type of device used to create the Ethernet network. When a network management message is sent as a broadcast information from one personal computer to all control devices, they will generate a delayed response to the sender computer. Such delay is generated on each control device in accordance to its own MAC address. It will guarantee different delay times on all attached control devices. The minimal time interval between two consecutive MAC addresses and the maximum possible delay time are estimated from the maximum number of expected devices attached to the hub(s).

Abstract: A reliable communication protocol RUDP is provided to transfer data between two systems connected in a network. Working over the unreliable UDP transport layer protocol, the RUDP protocol adds an acknowledging mechanism to otherwise unreliable UDP packets. Contrary to the TCP transport layer protocol, which establishes a connection before any data transfer, the RUDP is used to transfer short amounts of information or messages, so a connectionless communication is used. In a connectionless context the complexity of the encoding-decoding algorithm and the amount of memory consumed by the protocol is reduced. Such characteristics makes the RUDP protocol suitable for its implementation in systems with limited memory and speed, like low processing power 8-bit microcontrollers. Furthermore, by programming the RUDP protocol over the UDP protocol, its implementation in a personal computer can be made with common programming tools.

Abstract: This inventions discloses a fault or abnormal status detection mechanism applied to distributed networks considering a shared media. A set of programmed routines executing in every node connected to a distributed network establish pairs of inter-monitoring nodes. At system power up, every node searches for another free, unpaired node using random timeout messaging generation to prevent collisions of network messages. After all pairs have been formed, a periodic check message is sent from one node to its associated partner (and vice versa) requesting its operating status. A response, containing a node's status, is generated upon receipt of a check message. If an abnormal status is received, or there is no response, a report is sent to a monitoring station or stored as a failure network event. The timeout period, in the order of seconds, between each check message is adjusted according to the number of connected nodes and available network bandwidth.

Abstract: A method and algorithm to handle a memory bank queue using a low processing power 8-bit microcontroller is provided. The microcontroller is used to receive information in the form of a data packet from a communication interface shared with an external system. Each received packet is temporarily stored in a logical FIFO queue while the first packet in the queue packet is processed, modified or decoded according to a process or algorithm made by the user. The result keeps the same queue position until a second system is able to receive it through a second communication interface. In the same manner, any information packet coming from the second system is queued and processed back to retrieve a result to the first processor. This invention provides a mechanism to maintain two or more logic queues sharing the same physical RAM, one for each kind of process related to packets flowing from one interface to another.

Abstract: This inventions discloses a fault or abnormal status detection mechanism applied to distributed networks considering a shared media. A set of programmed routines executing in every node connected to a distributed network establish pairs of inter-monitoring nodes. At system power up, every node searches for another free, unpaired node using random timeout messaging generation to prevent collisions of network messages. After all pairs have been formed, a periodic check message is sent from one node to its associated partner (and vice versa) requesting its operating status. A response, containing a node's status, is generated upon receipt of a check message. If an abnormal status is received, or there is no response, a report is sent to a monitoring station or stored as a failure network event. The timeout period, in the order of seconds, between each check message is adjusted according to the number of connected nodes and available network bandwidth.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a novel method to achieve network protocol independence in which communication between interconnected network device nodes may be carried out regardless of the underlying network protocol and/or media.

Abstract: A method and algorithm to handle a memory bank queue using a low processing power 8-bit microcontroller is provided. The microcontroller is used to receive information in the form of a data packet from a communication interface shared with an external system. Each received packet is temporarily stored in a logical FIFO queue while the first packet in the queue packet is processed, modified or decoded according to a process or algorithm made by the user. The result keeps the same queue position until a second system is able to receive it through a second communication interface. In the same manner, any information packet coming from the second system is queued and processed back to retrieve a result to the first processor. This invention provides a mechanism to maintain two or more logic queues sharing the same physical RAM, one for each kind of process related to packets flowing from one interface to another.

Abstract: A method to design a controller is provided, considering controller“s versatility to work over any kind of layer 3 or layer 2 communication protocol and under any kind of control application. A programming language running on a system external to the controller considers a high level programming method. At the same time, the corresponding graphic interface needed to monitor a controller or a group of networking controllers is considered as a central program capable of communicating with the controller(s) in order to request for valuable data to monitor the control system and the process being controlled. Defining an object-oriented programming methodology the high level programming language as long as the centralized monitoring graphic interface can be abstract entities from the point of view of the controller(s) and vice versa. In order to abstract the controller from the type of selected communication protocol or control network working on layer 3 or layer 2, a network adapter is defined.

Abstract: A reliable communication protocol RUDP is provided to transfer data between two systems connected in a network. Working over the unreliable UDP transport layer protocol, the RUDP protocol adds an acknowledging mechanism to otherwise unreliable UDP packets. Contrary to the TCP transport layer protocol, which establishes a connection before any data transfer, the RUDP is used to transfer short amounts of information or messages, so a connectionless communication is used. In a connectionless context the complexity of the encoding-decoding algorithm and the amount of memory consumed by the protocol is reduced. Such characteristics makes the RUDP protocol suitable for its implementation in systems with limited memory and speed, like low processing power 8-bit microcontrollers. Furthermore, by programming the RUDP protocol over the UDP protocol, its implementation in a personal computer can be made with common programming tools.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method for collision avoidance in Ethernet networks, such as home automation networks, with both personal computers and control devices attached to it. Ethernet hubs are considered as the type of device used to create the Ethernet network. When a network management message is sent as a broadcast information from one personal computer to all control devices, they will generate a delayed response to the sender computer. Such delay is generated on each control device in accordance to its own MAC address. It will guarantee different delay times on all attached control devices. The minimal time interval between two consecutive MAC addresses and the maximum possible delay time are estimated from the maximum number of expected devices attached to the hub(s).

Abstract: The present invention introduces a novel and comprehensive method that can be justly called TRUE distributed control (TRUE-DC). This paradigm or method is based on a thorough understanding of real industry needs, and of the theory behind distributed control systems (i.e., the idea of distributed control). It encloses, supplements and/or corrects existing distributed control methods and concepts by introducing a new and real distributed control model based on distributed logic, redundancy and security.