Abstract: Systems and methods for planning a public transit system including determining costs of providing a fixed-route service are provided. The systems and method can receive a set of fixed route lines and trips for the public transit system and a plurality of ride requests. The systems and method can include determining a plurality of possible proposals for each ride request of the plurality of ride requests based on the received set of fixed route lines and trips and/or one or more constraints, determine for each ride request a set of proposals of the plurality of proposals having the lowest overall cost to provide the fixed-route service and determine whether one or more of a subset of the fixed route lines or trips are to be removed from the received set of fixed route lines and trips.