Abstract: A method for determining the ignition point in ignition systems for internal combustion engines, having integrated knock control, a basic ignition point being determined on the basis of measured operating parameters using a stored characteristic map. The knock control, after engine knock has occurred, determines a knock control ignition point, which is more retarded than the basic ignition point, the knock control ignition point, in response to knock-free combustions, being altered step-by-step so as to be more advanced. Furthermore, a torque interface is integrated, which on the basis of the operating parameters and/or the demands placed by the driver, determines a torque-optimized ignition point, and the knock control ignition point being the most advanced permissible ignition point which is issued by the control unit.

Abstract: A device for detecting knocking and regulating an internal combustion engine has at least one knocking sensor adapted to be assigned to a cylinder of the internal combustion engine and delivers an electrical output signal which is a function of a combustion stage in a respective cylinder. A signal evaluation unit receives the electrical output signal and has at least one preprocessing stage, a logical evaluation device formed as a device selected from a fuzzy logic device and at least one neuronic network, and a microprocessor making a connection within the signal evaluation unit. The preprocessing stage includes an element for extracting characteristic features from the output signal of the knocking sensor so that individual values are selected from an output signal of the signal preprocessing stage to form at least one signal vector which is fed to the neuronic network as an input vector which forms decision criteria making possible a statement regarding a presence of knocking.

Abstract: A process for adaptive knock control for an internal combustion engine serves to retard the firing angle of an internal combustion engine when knocking occurs and then to advance the firing angle again. At the same time, the operation of the internal combustion engine is subdivided into various operating ranges; on leaving an operating range, a value is always saved as a retardation of the firing angle determined during operation in this range, and when starting up again in this range with load dynamics and/or speed dynamics also occurring at the same time, this saved value is output as the starting value for operation in this new operating range.

Abstract: A method for detecting knocking provides for weighting or limitation of the knocking threshold. For this purpose, on the one hand a normal range of the reference level is defined and in the case of a deviation from this normal range the knocking threshold is multiplied by a weighting factor less than 1 and, alternatively, the knocking threshold is limited when a prescribable limit value is reached.

Abstract: A system for controlling the charging of an internal combustion engine contains an integral controller. If appropriate, a proportional controller and/or a differential controller may also be present. The integration, carried out by the integral controller, of the control error is limited to a prescribable limit value in order to avoid severe overshoots. Various limit values for steady-state operating states and for dynamic operating states can be prescribed. The dynamic limit value can be provided with corrections as a function of characteristic operating variables and with an adaptive correction and can be additionally increased by a safety interval.

Abstract: A method for the adaptive knock control of an internal combustion engine serves for shifting the ignition angle of an internal combustion engine in the retard direction when knocking occurs and for subsequently carrying out a return of the ignition angle in the advance direction. At the same time, the internal combustion engine is to have sub-divided operating ranges, and a value of an ignition-angle retard, determined in a range during operation, is always stored when this range is left. At the same time, in particular an average of all the ignition angles outputted in a range or a retard value plotted by a digital low-pass filter is to be stored.

Abstract: A device for detecting faults in conjunction with the detection of knocking in an internal combustion engine is disclosed, in which device the sensor output signals are compared with an engine speed-dependent, normalized reference level in order to detect knocking. As a function of the comparison result, knocking is detected and, when knocking is detected, knocking-preventing measures are initiated. So that the internal combustion engine does not erroneously go into unacceptable operating states when a knocking sensor or the associated evaluation circuit is operating incorrectly, continuous detection of faults takes place, during which it is tested whether the normalized reference level lies within a permitted range which is formed as a function of engine speed, this range being either the permitted, normalized reference level band or a range between an engine speed-dependent upper limit value (UGO) and an engine speed-dependent lower limit value (UGU).

Abstract: A protection system for a pressure-charged (supercharged) combustion engine. In normal operation, the pressure-charging is controlled and/or regulated to a specifiable desired setpoint value P Setpoint. For the case of over-boosting of the internal combustion engine, various protective measures are provided, which are used in dependence upon the extent of over-boosting. In the case of a first protective measure, the control and/or regulation of the pressure-charging is switched off, and a final controlling element, which influences the pressure-charging, is adjusted to a predeterminable position. In the case of a second protective measure, the fuel metering to individual cylinders is interrupted in accordance with a predetermined skip pattern. If it is not possible to achieve an adequate reduction in the pressure-charging by this means, the system switches successively to further skip patterns with a higher skip frequency.

Abstract: A system for automatically controlling the supercharging of an internal combustion engine by controlling a variable parameter signal, such as pressure, air quantity, or air mass which characterizes the status of the internal combustion engine supercharging operation. The system includes a closed-loop control system. To optimize supercharging performance the response characteristic of the control system is determined as a function of the rotational frequency of the internal combustion engine and an operating parameter signal which characterizes the dynamic output response of the internal combustion engine and of the supercharger. In the case of large system deviations, the operating parameter signal is derived from the actual measured value of the control variable.

Abstract: A method for recognizing a power stroke of each cylinder in a four-stroke engine calls for sensing a parameter of a cylinder in the engine for producing a signal of the parameter, the parameter being selected from the group consisting of pressure and knocking, and comparing the signal with a threshold value for determining whether the signal exceeds the threshold value and thereby is indicative of the cylinder being in a corresponding combustion stroke. In addition to sensing the pressure and knocking of the cylinder, sensing of sound signals from the cylinder is also employed in order to determine power and intake strokes of the cylinders.

Abstract: The method for closed-loop knock control of a internal combustion engine, includes retarding the ignition angle when at least one cylinder knocks and then resetting the ignition angle at a later time. For internal combustion engines with a turbocharger, the method also includes reducing the boost pressure when an ignition-angle limiting value dependent on an exhaust gas temperature is reached, and then increasing the boost pressure again as soon as the ignition-angle limiting value is again crossed due to resetting of the ignition angle. The ignition angle and boost pressure values established are stored as a function of the respective operating condition of the internal combustion engine for adaptive process control and used as starting values when the same engine operating conditions are again reached.

Abstract: A method of and a device for monitoring combustion in a spark ignition internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber and a discharge system wherein a discharge voltage is monitored for determining whether combustion in the combustion chamber takes place.