Abstract: Crosstalk in the area of intersection between row leads and row electrodes as well as undesired optical effects are avoided in an LCD display element. An LCD display panel is made of the disclosed LCD display elements. By extending the row leads over the full width of the rectangular viewing area in which information is visually displayed, the portion of the viewing area that cannot be controlled by proper drive voltage pulses is minimized. Thus, undesired crosstalk and optical effects are reduced. By driving row electrodes using column voltage sequences of the prior art and by driving column electrodes using row voltage sequences of the prior art, row and column voltage sequences are generated such that an intermediate area of liquid crystal located between the row leads and corresponding row electrodes cannot be driven to a voltage that produces an intermediate condition between an ON condition and an OFF condition.

Abstract: An LCD display element is provided that achieves a uniform LCD display panel by arranging individual LCD display elements side-by-side. The margin areas outside of the viewing field in the vicinity of the left and the right lateral edges of the LCD display element are configured to be equally narrow. The narrow width of the margin areas is achievable because row leads do not contact the row electrodes at one of their ends, but rather are routed in the spacing areas between individual column electrodes. Moreover, the electrical contact points are located in the spacing areas. In this manner, the wide lateral margin in the area of the contact points of the row electrodes, as in conventional LCD display elements, is avoided. Because the row leads are routed on the interior of the first cover plate, no contact strip is necessary in the area of penetration through the adhesive rim.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with improved display characteristics is disclosed. An OLED element is used as backlighting device resulting in a very flat liquid crystal display with a backlighting device. At least the front OLED drive electrode is formed such that it is at least partly light-transmissive, so that light from the OLED can be incident on the LCD element. The combination of an LCD element having internal reflectors or internal scattering elements and an OLED backlighting yields a thin overall display element which can be illuminated by sunlight during daytime and which can be illuminated using the OLED backlighting. Both the LCD element and the OLED element or OLED backlighting may represent information. For example, the actual information can be displayed on the LCD element, while the OLED element, primarily functioning as a backlighting device, can additionally represent a logo.

Abstract: Crosstalk in the area of intersection between row leads and row electrodes as well as undesired optical effects are avoided in an LCD display element. An LCD display panel is made of the disclosed LCD display elements. By extending the row leads over the full width of the rectangular viewing area in which information is visually displayed, the portion of the viewing area that cannot be controlled by proper drive voltage pulses is minimized. Thus, undesired crosstalk and optical effects are reduced. By driving row electrodes using column voltage sequences of the prior art and by driving column electrodes using row voltage sequences of the prior art, row and column voltage sequences are generated such that an intermediate area of liquid crystal located between the row leads and corresponding row electrodes cannot be driven to a voltage that produces an intermediate condition between an ON condition and an OFF condition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) is disclosed including a first cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) layer between a first and second substrate containing a plurality of adjacent alternately arranged pixels of a first and second primary color. A second cholesteric LC layer between the second substrate and a third substrate contains a plurality of adjacent alternately arranged pixels of the first and a third primary color. The first primary color pixels in the first and second LC layer, and the second primary color pixels in the first LC layer and the primary color pixels of the third primary color in the second LC layer, are arranged behind one another. Two first primary color pixels in the first and second LC layer interact with an adjacent second primary color pixel in the first LC layer and an adjacent third primary color pixel in the second LC layer for representing a display pixel.

Abstract: An LCD display element is provided that achieves a uniform LCD display panel by arranging individual LCD display elements side-by-side. The margin areas outside of the viewing field in the vicinity of the left and the right lateral edges of the LCD display element are configured to be equally narrow. The narrow width of the margin areas is achievable because row leads do not contact the row electrodes at one of their ends, but rather are routed in the spacing areas between individual column electrodes. Moreover, the electrical contact points are located in the spacing areas. In this manner, the wide lateral margin in the area of the contact points of the row electrodes, as in conventional LCD display elements, is avoided. Because the row leads are routed on the interior of the first cover plate, no contact strip is necessary in the area of penetration through the adhesive rim.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) is disclosed including a first cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) layer between a first and second substrate containing a plurality of adjacent alternately arranged pixels of a first and second primary color. A second cholesteric LC layer between the second substrate and a third substrate contains a plurality of adjacent alternately arranged pixels of the first and a third primary color. The first primary color pixels in the first and second LC layer, and the second primary color pixels in the first LC layer and the primary color pixels of the third primary color in the second LC layer, are arranged behind one another. Two first primary color pixels in the first and second LC layer interact with an adjacent second primary color pixel in the first LC layer and an adjacent third primary color pixel in the second LC layer for representing a display pixel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with improved display characteristics is disclosed. An OLED element is used as backlighting device resulting in a very flat liquid crystal display with a backlighting device. At least the front OLED drive electrode is formed such that it is at least partly light-transmissive, so that light from the OLED can be incident on the LCD element. The combination of an LCD element having internal reflectors or internal scattering elements and an OLED backlighting yields a thin overall display element which can be illuminated by sunlight during daytime and which can be illuminated using the OLED backlighting. Both the LCD element and the OLED element or OLED backlighting may represent information. For example, the actual information can be displayed on the LCD element, while the OLED element, primarily functioning as a backlighting device, can additionally represent a logo.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided. The liquid crystal display device has a display surface, a sensing device for sensing a light source around the display surface, a control circuit responsive to the sensed light source to adjust a voltage to a controller, which adjusts a transmissivity of the display surface in response to the adjusted voltage.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) cell is provided having transparent plates that are substantially parallel to each other and contain a liquid crystal display material. A plurality of spacers are interposed between the transparent plates to define a distance between the plates. At least one of the spacers exhibits dimensions and properties different than another of the spacers. The different dimensions and properties operate to control the distance at various temperatures to prevent non-uniform color effects and vacuum void formations.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel having LCD-modules with a plurality of picture element (pixels), a control circuit, and a backlight apparatus, the control circuit in communication with the pixels, the backlight apparatus configured to backlight the control circuit, the LCD panel comprising: a first edge zone and a second edge zone defined on at least a first and a second LCD-module, the control circuit disposed about the first edge zone, the first edge zone of the first LCD-module interposed between the backlight apparatus and the second edge zone of the second LCD-module, the first edge zone of the first LCD-module spaced apart from the second edge zone of the second LCD-module at a distance configured to accommodate a light device for shadow reduction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) cell is provided having transparent plates that are substantially parallel to each other and contain a liquid crystal display material. A plurality of spacers are interposed between the transparent plates to define a distance between the plates. At least one of the spacers exhibits dimensions and properties different than another of the spacers. The different dimensions and properties operate to control the distance at various temperatures to prevent non-uniform color effects and vacuum void formations.

Abstract: A large surface display apparatus is provided with at least one display field, a control set, a first connection line, and a second connection line. The display field has LCD-modules to display changing information. In one aspect, the first connection line is a light wave conductor and the second connection line is a metallic conductor.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) cell is provided having transparent plates that are substantially parallel to each other and contain a liquid crystal display material. A plurality of spacers are interposed between the transparent plates to define a distance between the plates. At least one of the spacers exhibits dimensions and properties different than another of the spacers. The different dimensions and properties operate to control the distance at various temperatures to prevent non-uniform color effects and vacuum void formations.

Abstract: Cells in liquid crystal displays (hereinafter LCD) are comprised of two parallel plates (1, 2) between which a liquid crystal (4) is to be found. Between the plates (1, 2) are placed, in conventional cells, spacers (5), which determine the layer thickness d of the LCD cell. Because of the clearly higher heat expansion of the liquid crystal (4) as compared to that of the spacers (5), vacuum void formation can occur in the case of conventional LCD cells when subjected to excessively low operating temperatures, or a macroscopic layer thickness change can occur under conditions of high operating temperatures which can lead to nonuniform color effects.

Abstract: An LCD-display panel is disclosed including a plurality of individual LCD-display modules which are placed in close proximity to one another and extend in a flat plane. Behind the LCD-display modules is located a backlight apparatus. Each of the LCD-display modules may respectively have a multiplicity of individually controllable pixels as well as a first and a second edge zone. In the first edge zone are placed the control circuits for the pixel elements. Two immediately adjacent LCD-display modules with their edge zones are placed to overlap in such a manner that the first edge zone of the one LCD-display module is located between the backlight apparatus and the second edge zone of the other LCD-display module by means of which, between the two LCD-display modules, an overlap zone is created.

Abstract: An LCD-pixel-matrix element is disclosed, along with a display screen capable of graphics having a plurality of such LCD-pixel-matrix elements, and a procedure for brightness control of such an LCD-pixel matrix element for such a display screen.

Abstract: An electronic reverberation apparatus, for producing artificial reverberation on a purely electronic basis with a digital computer, comprises a plurality of loops having different delay times and adapted to form sound repetitions of diminishing intensity. Some of the loops have short delay times and have an all-pass characteristic. Others of the loops have long delay times. The loops are provided with tappings each of which has a particular delay time associated with it. The delay times of the tappings themselves and the sums, differences and quotients of these delay times are in a non-harmonic relationship to one another. Each tapping feeds a corresponding damping element whereby the output from each successive tapping is reduced such that the reduction in energy corresponds to an exponential function, and a delayed and repeated combination of unreverberated input signals is fed to an output from the loop circuit. For naturalness the output of each reverberation delay unit is randomly damped.