Abstract: Process and apparatus for upset forging a long stand of solid malleable metal bar stock in a single pass is capable of gathering a large volume of the bar stock into a complex shaped element. The end of the bar stock is selectively heated to provide an intermediate section thereof to a desired upper forging temperature and an end section thereof at a desired lower forging temperature. The heated bar stock is positioned in an upset forging die cavity. A forging punch enters the cavity to upset the long stand to fill the cavity firstly with the upset intermediate section and then the remainder of the cavity with the end section which is at a lower forging temperature. A friction reducing material is provided in the cavity to provide for sliding of the end section along the cavity while the end seciton upsets and gathers the intermediate section of the bar in the major portion of the upset cavity section.

Abstract: This invention provides a composite electrode having a metallic, water cooled upper portion and a consumable lower portion. The portions are secured together, and the upper one includes conduit means within it to permit cooling water or other liquid to move along a path which brings the cooling liquid into intimate contact with substantially all of the inside surface of the outer wall defining the periphery of the upper portion.

Abstract: This invention provides a composite electrode having a metallic, water cooled upper portion and a consumable lower portion. The portions are secured together, and the upper one includes conduit means within it to permit cooling water or other liquid to move along a path which brings the cooling liquid into intimate contact with substantially all of the inside surface of the outer wall defining the periphery of the upper portion.

Abstract: This invention provides a sucker rod scraper having two main portions. An inner portion is constituted by a plastic body member affixed to and surrounding the sucker rod, the body member including an elongated cylindrical portion with a plurality of longitudinal fins extending radially outwardly therefrom and spaced angularly therearound. The second part is a plastic ring member adapted to encircle the central body adjacent the fins, the ring member having an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the adjacent part of the inner portion, whereby to allow a passageway for fluid or liquid to flow past the sucker rod scraper. Means are provided for retaining the ring member adjacent the fins, this being constituted in the preferred embodiment by the provision of inward recesses along the outer edges of each fin, with the ring member being dimensioned so as to permit it to register within the recesses, whereby the ring can rotate in position but cannot move longitudinally.