Abstract: Data item deltas are generated for each of M updates of a plurality of updates, wherein M is greater than or equal to one, and a first first-level combined delta is generated representing N updates of the plurality of updates, wherein N is greater than M, and the N updates comprise the M updates and O=N?M other updates. A first second-level combined delta is generated representing J updates of the plurality of updates, wherein J is greater than N, and the J updates comprise the N updates and K other updates of the plurality of updates, wherein K=J?N. The deltas, the first first-level combined delta and the first second-level combined delta are stored for enabling subsequent reading of at least part of the data by accessing the data item, the first first-level combined delta and the first second-level combined delta.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media are provided for managing expiration of modules. An expiry dataset may be maintained. The expiry dataset may include a set of identifiers corresponding to a set of modules, a set of expiry values for the set of modules, and a set of termination tasks for the set of modules. A request to refresh a module may be received from a client. Responsive to the reception of the request, an expiry value and a termination task for the module within the expiry dataset may be updated. The expiry value may be independent of a timestamp associated with the request.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media are provided for managing expiration of modules. An expiry dataset may be maintained. The expiry dataset may include a set of identifiers corresponding to a set of modules, a set of expiry values for the set of modules, and a set of termination tasks for the set of modules. A request to refresh a module may be received from a client. Responsive to the reception of the request, an expiry value and a termination task for the module within the expiry dataset may be updated. The expiry value may be independent of a timestamp associated with the request.

Abstract: Data item deltas are generated for each of M updates of a plurality of updates, wherein M is greater than or equal to one, and a first first-level combined delta is generated representing N updates of the plurality of updates, wherein N is greater than M, and the N updates comprise the M updates and O=N?M other updates. A first second-level combined delta is generated representing J updates of the plurality of updates, wherein J is greater than N, and the J updates comprise the N updates and K other updates of the plurality of updates, wherein K=J?N. The deltas, the first first-level combined delta and the first second-level combined delta are stored for enabling subsequent reading of at least part of the data by accessing the data item, the first first-level combined delta and the first second-level combined delta.