Abstract: The present invention relates to high strength, oxidation and wear resistant titanium-silicon base alloy containing: 2.5-12 wt % Si 0-5 wt % Al 0-0.5% B 0-2% Cr 0-1 wt % rare earth metals and/or scandium balance Ti with unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high strength, oxidation and wear resistant titanium-silicon base alloy containing: 2.5-12 wt % Si 0-5 wt % Al 0-0.5% B 0-2% Cr 0-1 wt % rare earth metals and/or scandium balance Ti with unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: This invention provides a reactor for carbon nano-fibre production comprising a generally horizontal elongate cylindrical reaction vessel arranged to rotate about its cylindrical axis and containing in use a particulate catalyst-containing reaction bed, said reaction vessel having a gas inlet port and a gas outlet port positioned such that one of said inlet and outlet ports is in said bed and the other is outside said bed.

Abstract: An electrode for use in analytical voltammetry, wherein the electrode has a uniform composition and contains an alloy in a solid state, the alloy containing a pure metal or compound having a low overvoltage for hydrogen and a few percent of at least one second metal or compound, wherein the electrode is a non-toxic electrode with a sufficiently high overvoltage for hydrogen allowing detection of a metal or compound to be detected. Also provided is an apparatus containing the electrode for performing analytical voltammetry involving a redox reaction at an electrode surface, and a method for increasing the utility of voltammetric analyses, by conducting the analyses with an electrode system containing the electrode.

Abstract: Dental amalgam as an electrode material in voltammetry is provided having a very high overpotential to hydrogen. Accordingly, trace analyses can be carried out at potentials sufficiently negative to allow determination of e.g. zinc, cobalt, nickel and iron at trace levels. Such analyses have not previously been possible except by using a mercury or a mercury film electrode. Such determinations are very important for field and online analyses of pollutants in soil and groundwater, and the electrode can be used repeatedly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high strength, oxidation and wear resistant titanium-silicon base alloy containing: 2.5-12 wt % Si 0-5 wt % Al 0-0.5% B 0-2% Cr 0-1 wt % rare earth metals and/or scandium balance Ti with unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for improving the sensitivity in measurements when performing electrochemical analysis containing low metal concentrations and a means for performing electrochemical analysis. Ordinary stirring has to be avoided during the voltammetric scanning due to the low reproducibility when stirring takes place. A sound exposure, however, can be performed during the entire measurement, increasing the sensitivity. Further it is concluded that sound exposure close to the resonant frequency, has improvement effects at least comparable to stirring, and thus all mechanical stirring can be avoided. It is found that audible sound in the low frequency range, around 100 Hz is very effective for this purpose, with an increase of the analytical signal up to about 300%, without any significant increase in the corresponding noise level.

Abstract: Liquid mercury and liquid diluted mercury amalgams have been the major electrode systems employed in voltammetry and related methods. This is mainly due to their high overvoltage to hydrogen, which enables the determination of heavy metals (zinc, nickel and cobalt etc.) and other species with high negative half wave potentials. The toxicity of mercury and liquid diluted mercury leads to ever increasing restrictions in the their use. The use of such system may even be forbidden in the future at least in online systems for work in the field. Recent work, carried out in our laboratory, has demonstrated that a non-toxic solid dental amalgam may be used as the electrode material, conveniently replacing mercury. An extension of this work has shown that electrode materials comprising a metal or a compound with low hydrogen overvoltage change their hydrogen overvoltage properties substantially when contaminated with even small amounts of metals or compounds which show high hydrogen overvoltage.

Abstract: The properties of dental amalgam as an electrode material in voltammetry are presented. It was found that dental amalgam has a very high overpotential to hydrogen, allowing one to carry out trace analyses at potentials sufficiently negative to allow determination of e.g. zinc, cobalt, nickel and iron at trace levels. This has not previously been possible except from using a mercury or a mercury film electrode. Such determinations are very important for field and online analyses of pollutants in soil and groundwater, and the electrode can be used repeatedly.