Abstract: A method includes receiving seismic data including signals collected using a receiver, the seismic data representing a subsurface volume, identifying a downgoing wavefield and an upgoing wavefield in the seismic data, identifying direct arrivals in the downgoing wavefield, estimating at least first-order multiple reflection signals in the upgoing wavefield based on the downgoing wavefield, the upgoing wavefield, and the direct arrivals, and generating seismic images representing the subsurface volume based at least in part on the at least first-order multiple reflection signals.

Abstract: A method includes receiving seismic data for a geologic region of the Earth; building a velocity model of the geologic region of the Earth; selecting at least one mode of multiple and corresponding travel time data from a data storage where the travel time data correspond to at least one complex ray signature in the geologic region of the Earth and are based at least in part on the velocity model; performing migration on the seismic data using at least the selected travel time data to generate processed seismic data; and rendering an image of the geologic region of the Earth to a display where the image includes at least a multiple image.

Abstract: A method includes receiving seismic data including signals collected using a receiver, separating a downgoing wavefield from an upgoing wavefield in the signals, generating a modified downgoing wavefield by removing direct arrivals from the downgoing wavefield, estimating a first-order multiple reflection signal at least partially by deconvolving the modified downgoing wavefield and the downgoing wavefield, and generating a seismic image based at least in part on the estimated first-order multiple reflection signals.

Abstract: A method includes receiving seismic data for a geologic region of the Earth; building a velocity model of the geologic region of the Earth; selecting at least one mode of multiple and corresponding travel time data from a data storage where the travel time data correspond to at least one complex ray signature in the geologic region of the Earth and are based at least in part on the velocity model; performing migration on the seismic data using at least the selected travel time data to generate processed seismic data; and rendering an image of the geologic region of the Earth to a display where the image includes at least a multiple image.

Abstract: A method for processing seismic data. The method includes plotting a travel-time curve and one or more actual times that each seismic receiver receives one or more seismograms on a graph. The travel-time curve represents an approximate time that each seismic receiver in a seismic survey area receives the seismograms. The method may further include determining a residual static shift for each seismogram and using the residual static shift to estimate a time shift correction. The residual static shift represents a difference between an actual time in which a seismic receiver received a seismogram and a time on the travel-time curve that corresponds to the actual time. The time shift correction corrects a timing error in the time indicated by the travel-time curve.

Abstract: A method for processing seismic data. The method includes plotting a travel-time curve and one or more actual times that each seismic receiver receives one or more seismograms on a graph. The travel-time curve represents an approximate time that each seismic receiver in a seismic survey area receives the seismograms. The method may further include determining a residual static shift for each seismogram and using the residual static shift to estimate a time shift correction. The residual static shift represents a difference between an actual time in which a seismic receiver received a seismogram and a time on the travel-time curve that corresponds to the actual time. The time shift correction corrects a timing error in the time indicated by the travel-time curve.